Multiple cry Genes in Bacillus thuringiensis Strain BTG Suggest a Broad-Spectrum Insecticidal Activity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(13), P. 11137 - 11137

Published: July 6, 2023

The properties of Bacillus thuringiensis strains as a biopesticide with potent action against moths, beetles, and mosquitoes have been known for decades, individual subspecies showing specific activity particular pest. aim the present work is to characterize that can be used broad-spectrum pest control in agriculture. Twenty B. were isolated from Bulgarian soil habitats. screened genes encoding 12 different crystal (Cry) endotoxins by PCR primer pairs. Seven isolates contained cry their genomes. PL1, PL3, PL20 at least three genes, while serovar galleriae BTG four. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation revealed production bipyramidal (PL1, PL20), polygonal (PL1), cubic (BTG), spherical crystals (BTG PL20). Potentially containing most genome was sequenced annotated. It comprises 6,275,416 base pairs, does not contain plasmids, has GC content 35.05%, 7 toxins: cry1Ab35, cry1Db, cry1Fb, cry1Ib, cry2Ab, cry8Ea1, cry9Ba. This unique combination would possibly enable simultaneous pesticidal species orders Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, well class Gastropoda. Whole-genome sequencing provided accurate information about presence, localization, classification Cry toxins BTG, revealing great potential strain development new bio-insecticides.

Language: Английский

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Effects of a Proteinase Inhibitor from Inga laurina Seeds (ILTI) on Aedes aegypti Larval Development

Journal of Xenobiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 77 - 77

Published: May 22, 2025

Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) is Brazil’s primary vector of epidemiologically significant arboviruses such as yellow fever, dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. Despite using conventional chemical control measures, this species has developed resistance to standard insecticides, prompting the search for natural larvicidal compounds. Plant protease inhibitors offer an insecticidal alternative digestive enzymes in midgut Ae. are proteases (trypsin chymotrypsin). larvae fed with ILTI, a Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor derived from Inga laurina seeds, at concentrations between 0.03 mg protein per mL (mgP/mL) 0.12 mgP/mL, exhibited delayed larval development, lethal concentration (LC50) 0.095 mgP mL−1 ILTI 50% fourth-instar (L4). The ex vivo assay indicated that effectively inhibited activity trypsin, which remained susceptible inhibitor. Additionally, molecular modelling docking studies were conducted predict three-dimensional ILTI/enzyme complexes atomic level. Therefore, results demonstrate functions species, presenting itself promising tool aegypti.

Language: Английский

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Structure of the Lysinibacillus sphaericus Tpp49Aa1 pesticidal protein elucidated from natural crystals using MHz-SFX

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(49)

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

The Lysinibacillus sphaericus proteins Tpp49Aa1 and Cry48Aa1 can together act as a toxin toward the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus have potential use in biocontrol. Given that with sequence homology to individual activity alone against other insect species, structure of was solved order understand this protein more fully inform design improved biopesticides. is naturally expressed crystalline inclusion within host bacterium, MHz serial femtosecond crystallography using novel nanofocus option at an X-ray free electron laser allowed rapid high-quality data collection determine 1.62 Å resolution. This revealed packing these natural nanocrystals homodimer large intermolecular interface. Complementary experiments conducted varied pH also enabled investigation early structural events leading up dissolution crystals—a crucial step its mechanism action. To better cooperation between two proteins, assays were performed on range different cell lines both mixtures two. Finally, bioassays demonstrated Tpp49Aa1/Cry48Aa1 susceptibility Anopheles stephensi , Aedes albopictus, tarsalis larvae—substantially increasing binary control.

Language: Английский

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Isolation of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis VCRC-B650 from Indian clay soil with enhanced mosquitocidal activity and dehairing property

BioControl, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Natural Products Produced by the Species of Bacillus cereus Group: Recent Updates

Journal of Basic Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 21, 2024

ABSTRACT Bacillus cereus group produces diverse antimicrobial compounds through different metabolic pathways, including amino acid‐based compounds, sugar derivatives, volatile and miscellaneous compounds. These exhibit antibacterial antifungal activities against various plant pathogens, promoting growth enhancing tolerance to abiotic stresses. They also nematicidal nematodes antagonistic effects pathogens in aquatic animals, inducing immune responses. Moreover, B. bacteria play a significant role bioremediation by breaking down or neutralizing environmental pollutants, such as plastics, petroleum products, heavy metals, insecticides. produce enzymes like laccases, lipases, proteases, oxidases, contributing the degradation of these pollutants. In food industry, they can cause poisoning due their production enterotoxins. However, are utilized industrial applications, producing environmentally friendly bio‐based materials, biofertilizers, nanoparticles. Notably, transforms selenite into selenium nanoparticles, which have health benefits, cancer prevention. summary, applications agriculture, bioremediation, medicine, sustainable eco‐friendly solutions across multiple fields. this review, we revised characteristics every species; highlighted more important secreted species The aim is explain available secondary metabolites classify from group, increasing knowledge about taxonomy group.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Lyoprotective Agents on the Preservation of Survival of a Bacillus cereus Strain PBG in the Freeze-Drying Process

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 2705 - 2705

Published: Nov. 4, 2023

Lyophilization is a widely employed long-term preservation method in which the bacterial survival rate largely depends on cryoprotectant used. Bacillus cereus strain PBC was selected for its ability to thrive environments contaminated with arsenic, lead, and cadmium, tolerate 500 ppm of free cyanide, presence genes such as ars, cad, ppa, dap, among others, associated bioremediation toxic compounds enterotoxins (nheA, nheB, nheC). Following lyophilization, rates Mannitol 2.5%, 10%, Glucose 1% were 98.02%, 97.12%, 96.30%, respectively, being lower than 95% other sugars. However, during storage, same sugars, 78.71%, 99.97%, respectively. In cake morphology, it found that lyophilized morphology showed no relationship rate. The best glucose since maintained constant elevated growth ensuring unique characteristics bacterium preserved over time. These findings hold significant implications research they report new potential be utilized processes.

Language: Английский

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The Parasporal Body of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis: A Unique Phage Capsid-Associated Prokaryotic Insecticidal Organelle

Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1421 - 1421

Published: Nov. 11, 2023

The three most important commercial bacterial insecticides are all derived from subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Specifically, Bt subsp. kurstaki (Btk) and aizawai (Bta) used to control larval lepidopteran pests. third, israelensis (Bti), is primarily mosquito blackfly larvae. All produce a parasporal body (PB) during sporulation. PB composed insecticidal proteins that damage the midgut epithelium, initiating complex process results in death insect. Among these Bt, Bti unique as it produces consisting compartments. Each compartment bound by multilaminar fibrous matrix (MFM). Two compartments contain one protein each, Cry11Aa1 Cyt1Aa1, while third contains two, Cry4Aa1/Cry4Ba1. packaged independently before coalescing into mature spherical held together additional layers MFM. This distinctive packaging unparalleled among known organelles, although underlying molecular biology yet be determined. Here, we present structural evidence MFM has hexagonal pattern which Bt152 Bt075 bind. binds defined spot on development each compartment, its function remains unknown. appears bacteriophage major capsid (MCP), though sequence markedly diverged, shares striking 3-D similarity Escherichia coli phage HK97 Head 1 protein. Both encoded Bti’s pBtoxis plasmid. Additionally, have also identified six-amino acid motif part novel responsible for targeting Cry Cyt their cytoplasmic paper describes several previously unknown features organelle, representing first step understanding sorting PBs. insights this research suggest potential future applications nanotechnology.

Language: Английский

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Recombinant Beauveria bassiana expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cyt1Aa: a promising approach for enhancing Aedes mosquito control

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(7)

Published: May 29, 2024

ABSTRACT The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana provides an eco-friendly substitute to chemical insecticides for mosquito control. Nevertheless, its widespread application has been hindered by comparatively slow efficacy in eliminating mosquitoes. To augment the potency of B. against Aedes mosquitoes, a novel recombinant strain, Bb -Cyt1Aa, was developed incorporating Bacillus thuringiensis toxin gene Cyt1Aa into . virulence -Cyt1Aa evaluated aegypti and albopictus using insect bioassays. Compared wild-type (WT) median lethal time (LT 50 ) A. larvae infected with decreased 33.3% at concentration 1 × 10 8 conidia/mL 22.2% 7 conidia/mL. LT adults through conidia ingestion reduced 37.5% Likewise, cuticle contact 30.8% same concentrations, respectively. Furthermore, strain also demonstrated increased toxicity both larval adult , when compared WT strain. In conclusion, our study that expression enhanced This suggests expressing potential value use IMPORTANCE is naturally occurring can be utilized as bioinsecticide delta-endotoxin protein produced exhibits specific potent insecticidal activity study, this enhances thereby increasing their effectiveness killing used alongside reduce dependence on harmful chemicals, minimizing negative impacts environment human health. Additionally, resistance mosquitoes future could overcome acquiring combinations exogenous genes. presence expresses significant importance control it genetic diversity, creates virulent strains, contributes development safer more sustainable methods

Language: Английский

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Genomic Insights into the Bactericidal and Fungicidal Potential of Bacillus mycoides b12.3 Isolated in the Soil of Olkhon Island in Lake Baikal, Russia

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2450 - 2450

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

The dispersal of plant pathogens is a threat to the global economy and food industry which necessitates need discover efficient biocontrol agents such as bacteria, fungi, etc., inhibiting them. Here, we describe Bacillus mycoides strain b12.3 isolated from soil Olkhon Island in Lake Baikal, Russia. By applying co-cultivation technique, found that inhibits growth pathogens, bacteria Xanthomonas campestris, Clavibacter michiganensis, Pectobacterium atrospecticum, well fungus Alternaria solani. To elucidate genomic fundament explaining these activities, leveraged next-generation whole-genome sequencing obtained high-quality assembly based on short reads. isolate bore seven known BGCs (biosynthetic gene clusters), including those responsible for producing bacillibactin, fengycin, petrobactin. Moreover, genome contained insecticidal genes encoding App4Aa1, Tpp78Ba1, Spp1Aa1 toxins, thus implicating possible pesticidal potential. We compared with 50 closest assemblies enriched BGCs. analysis also revealed architecture corresponds experimentally observed activity spectrum implying combination produced secondary metabolites delineates range inhibited phytopathogens Therefore, this study deepens our knowledge biology ecology B. residing Baikal region.

Language: Английский

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Structural and Functional Insights into the Delivery Systems of Bacillus and Clostridial Binary Toxins

Toxins, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 330 - 330

Published: July 25, 2024

Pathogenic Bacillus and clostridial (i.e., Clostridium Clostridioides) bacteria express a diverse repertoire of effector proteins to promote disease. This includes production binary toxins, which enter host epithelial cells seriously damage the intestinal tracts insects, animals, humans. In particular, toxins form an AB-type complex composed catalytic subunit that is toxic (A) oligomeric cell-binding delivery (B), where upon A into cytoplasm cell it catalytically ADP-ribosylates actin rapidly induces death. this review, expressed by thuringiensis, Clostridioides difficile, perfringens will be discussed, with particular focus placed structural elucidations their respective B subunits how these findings help deconvolute enzyme target achieved deadly bacteria.

Language: Английский

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