Novel Approaches for The Development of Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccines

Viruses, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 190 - 190

Published: Feb. 22, 2019

Influenza virus still represents a considerable threat to global public health, despite the advances in development and wide use of influenza vaccines. Vaccination with traditional inactivate vaccines (IIV) or live-attenuated (LAIV) remains main strategy control annual seasonal epidemics, but it does not offer protection against new viruses pandemic potential, those that have shifted. Moreover, continual antigenic drift circulating viruses, causing an mismatch requires yearly reformulation vaccines, seriously compromises vaccine efficacy. Therefore, quick optimization production for approaches is challenge prevention infections. recent reports questioned effectiveness current LAIV because limited protection, mainly A (IAV) component vaccine. Although reasons poor efficacy yet been elucidated, researchers are encouraged develop vaccination overcome limitations associated LAIV. The discovery implementation plasmid-based reverse genetics has key advance rapid generation recombinant attenuated can be used most effective In this review, we provide update regarding progress made during last five years innovative ways being explored as alternatives currently licensed safety, immunogenicity, profile these LAIVs reveal their possible combating However, efforts by companies government agencies will needed controlled testing approving, respectively, methodologies

Language: Английский

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Global patterns of avian influenza A (H7): virus evolution and zoonotic threats

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 43(6), P. 608 - 621

Published: Aug. 5, 2019

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) continue to impose a negative impact on animal and human health worldwide. In particular, the emergence of highly pathogenic AIV H5 and, more recently, low H7N9 have led enormous socioeconomical losses in poultry industry resulted fatal infections. While H5N1 remains infamous, number zoonotic infections with has far surpassed those attributed H5. Despite clear public concerns posed by H7, it is unclear why specifically this virus subtype became endemic emerged humans. review, we bring together data global patterns H7 circulation, evolution Specifically, discuss from wild bird reservoir, expansion epidemiology poultry, significant increase their potential since 2013 genesis H7. addition, analysed available sequence an evolutionary perspective, demonstrating introductions into distinct geographic regions reassortment dynamics. The integration all aspects crucial optimisation surveillance efforts birds, humans, emphasise need for One Health approach controlling emerging such as

Language: Английский

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Nipah virus: a potential pandemic agent in the context of the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic

New Microbes and New Infections, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41, P. 100873 - 100873

Published: March 20, 2021

For centuries, zoonotic diseases have been responsible for various outbreaks resulting in the deaths of millions people. The best example this is current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Nipah virus another deadly which has caused several last few years. Though it causes a low number infections, severity results higher death rate. In context recent COVID-19 pandemic, we speculate that many countries will be unable to deal with sudden onset such viral outbreak. Thus, further research and attention are needed address future outbreaks.

Language: Английский

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Polystyrene microplastics significantly facilitate influenza A virus infection of host cells

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 446, P. 130617 - 130617

Published: Dec. 19, 2022

Language: Английский

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Phenotypic effects of mutations observed in the neuraminidase of human origin H5N1 influenza A viruses

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. e1011135 - e1011135

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Global spread and regional endemicity of H5Nx Goose/Guangdong avian influenza viruses (AIV) pose a continuous threat for poultry production zoonotic, potentially pre-pandemic, transmission to humans. Little is known about the role mutations in viral neuraminidase (NA) that accompanied bird-to-human support AIV infection mammals. Here, after detailed analysis NA sequence human H5N1 viruses, we studied A46D, L204M, S319F S430G virus fitness vitro vivo . Although carrying avian- or human-like NAs had similar replication efficiency cells, enhanced airway epithelia. The L204M substitution consistently reduced activity nine other groups 1 2, indicating universal effect. Compared ancestor, has less incorporated virion, levels RNA expression. We also demonstrate increased accumulation at plasma membrane, release cell-to-cell spread. Furthermore, binding human-type receptors. While not affecting high virulence chickens, modulated mice lesser extent ferrets. Together, play different roles mammals without chickens. These results are important understand genetic determinants should assist prediction with zoonotic potential.

Language: Английский

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