Chikungunya fever

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: April 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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Triggers of Guillain–Barré Syndrome: Campylobacter jejuni Predominates

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(22), P. 14222 - 14222

Published: Nov. 17, 2022

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare immune-mediated acute polyradiculo-neuropathy that typically develops after previous gastrointestinal or respiratory infection. This narrative overview aims to summarise and discuss current knowledge evidence regarding triggers pathophysiology of GBS. A systematic search the literature was carried out using suitable terms. The most common subtypes GBS are inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN). GBS, in three quarters cases, infections. infectious agents cause include Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni), Mycoplasma pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus. C. responsible for about third cases. due usually more severe than other causes. Clinical presentation highly dependent on structure pathogenic lipo-oligosaccharides (LOS) trigger innate immune system via Toll-like-receptor (TLR)-4 signalling. AIDP demyelination, whereas AMAN, structures axolemma affected nodal inter-nodal space. In conclusion, neuro-immunological disorder caused by autoantibodies against components myelin sheath axolemma. Molecular mimicry between surface pathogens axon one scenario may explain

Language: Английский

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Human viruses: An ever-increasing list

Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 604, P. 110445 - 110445

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Introduction of Vector-Borne Infections in Europe: Emerging and Re-Emerging Viral Pathogens with Potential Impact on One Health

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 63 - 63

Published: Jan. 12, 2025

The rise and resurgence of vector-borne diseases (VBDs) in Europe pose an expanding public health challenge, exacerbated by climate change, globalization, ecological disruptions. Both arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) transmitted ticks such as Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever arboviruses mosquitoes like dengue, Chikungunya, Zika, Japanese encephalitis have broadened their distribution due to rising temperatures, changes rainfall, increased human mobility. By emphasizing the importance interconnected human, animal, environmental health, integrated One Health strategies are crucial addressing this complex issue. faces risk habitats disease-carrying organisms, spread new species Aedes albopictus since 2013, movement infected individuals between countries, leading European countries implement enhanced surveillance systems, awareness campaigns, prompt outbreak response strategies. However, lack both targeted antiviral therapies vaccines for many arboviruses, together with undetected or asymptomatic cases, hamper containment efforts. Therefore, it is important that combine modeling, disease surveillance, interventions address expected patterns global changes. This review explores Europe, highlighting historical context, current transmission dynamics, impact on health.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of CHIKV vaccine VLA1553 demonstrated by passive transfer of human sera

JCI Insight, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(14)

Published: June 14, 2022

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a reemerging mosquito-borne alphavirus responsible for numerous outbreaks. can cause debilitating acute and chronic disease. Thus, the development of safe effective CHIKV vaccine an urgent global health priority. This study evaluated effectiveness live-attenuated VLA1553 against WT infection by using passive transfer sera from vaccinated volunteers to nonhuman primates (NHP) subsequently exposed established serological surrogate protection. We demonstrated that human transferred NHPs conferred complete protection viremia fever after challenge with homologous CHIKV. In addition, serum protected animals other CHIKV-associated clinical symptoms persistence in tissue. Based on this study, 50% micro–plaque reduction neutralization test titer ≥ 150 was determined as protection, which supported analysis samples seroepidemiological study. conclusion, considering unfeasibility efficacy trial due unpredictability explosive, rapidly moving nature chikungunya outbreaks, definition important step toward licensure reduce medical burden caused chikungunya.

Language: Английский

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LDLR is used as a cell entry receptor by multiple alphaviruses

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in the Role of Different Nanoparticles in the Various Biosensors for the Detection of the Chikungunya Virus

Molecular Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Chikungunya virus vaccine: a decade of progress solving epidemiological dilemma, emerging concepts, and immunological interventions

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 22, 2024

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a single-stranded RNA transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, poses significant global health threat, with severe complications observed in vulnerable populations. The only licensed vaccine, IXCHIQ, approved the US FDA, is insufficient to address growing disease burden, particularly endemic regions lacking herd immunity. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), explicitly targeting structural proteins E1/E2, demonstrate promise passive transfer studies, mouse and human-derived mAbs showing protective efficacy. This article explores various vaccine candidates, including live attenuated, killed, nucleic acid-based (DNA/RNA), virus-like particle, chimeric, subunit, adenovirus vectored vaccines. vaccines have emerged as promising candidates due their rapid response capabilities enhanced safety profile. review underscores importance of E1 E2 immunogens, emphasizing antigenic potential. Several such CHIKV/IRES, measles vector (MV-CHIK), synthetic DNA-encoded antibodies, mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccines, encouraging preclinical clinical results. In addition identifying potential molecular targets for antiviral therapy, study looks into roles played Toll-like receptors, RIG-I, NOD-like receptors immune CHIKV. It also offers insights novel tactics candidates. discusses targets, significance proteins, monoclonal prospective

Language: Английский

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Advancements and Challenges in Addressing Zoonotic Viral Infections with Epidemic and Pandemic Threats

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 352 - 352

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Zoonotic viruses have significant pandemic potential, as evidenced by the coronavirus pandemic, which underscores that zoonotic infections historically caused numerous outbreaks and millions of deaths over centuries. induce types illnesses in their natural hosts. These are transmitted to humans via biological vectors, direct contact with infected animals or bites, aerosols. continuously evolve adapt human hosts, resulting devastating consequences. It is very important understand pathogenesis pathways associated viral across various hosts develop countermeasure strategies accordingly. In this review, we briefly discuss advancements diagnostics therapeutics for infections. provides insight into recent outbreaks, dynamics, licensed vaccines, well vaccine candidates progressing clinical investigations. Despite advancements, challenges persist combating due immune evasion, unpredicted complexity responses. Most these lack effective treatments relying entirely on supportive care preventive measures. Exposure animal reservoirs, limited access, insufficient coverage further pose efforts. This review highlights critical need ongoing interdisciplinary research collaboration strengthen preparedness response against emerging infectious threats.

Language: Английский

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Drug repositioning as a promising approach for the eradication of emerging and re-emerging viral agents

Molecular Diversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 18, 2025

Abstract The global impact of emerging and re-emerging viral agents during epidemics pandemics leads to serious health economic burdens. Among the major or viruses include SARS-CoV-2, Ebola virus (EBOV), Monkeypox (Mpox), Hepatitis viruses, Zika virus, Avian flu, Influenza Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue fever (DENV), West Nile Rhabdovirus, Sandfly Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic (CCHF) Rift Valley (RVFV). A comprehensive literature search was performed identify existing studies, clinical trials, reviews that discuss drug repositioning strategies for treatment infections using databases, such as PubMed, Scholar Google, Scopus, Web Science. By utilizing repositioning, pharmaceutical companies can take advantage a cost-effective, accelerated, effective strategy, which in turn discovery innovative options patients. In light antiviral resistance high costs developing novel antivirals, holds great promise more rapid substitution approved drugs. Main repositioned drugs have included chloroquine, ivermectin, dexamethasone, Baricitinib, tocilizumab, Mab114 (Ebanga™), ZMapp (pharming), Artesunate, imiquimod, saquinavir, capmatinib, naldemedine, Trametinib, statins, celecoxib, naproxen, metformin, ruxolitinib, nitazoxanide, gemcitabine, Dorzolamide, Midodrine, Diltiazem, zinc acetate, suramin, 5-fluorouracil, quinine, minocycline, trifluoperazine, paracetamol, berbamine, Nifedipine, chlorpromazine. This succinct review will delve into topic been utilized combat pathogens.

Language: Английский

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