Rhizosphere Microorganisms Supply Availability of Soil Nutrients and Induce Plant Defense

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 558 - 558

Published: March 11, 2024

Plant health is necessary for food security, which a key determinant of secure and sustainable production systems. Deficiency soil nutrients invasion plant pathogens or insects are the main destroyers world’s production. Synthetic fertilizers chemical-based pesticides frequently employed to combat problems. However, these have negative impacts on microbial ecosystems ecosystem functioning. Rhizosphere microorganisms demonstrated their potency improve manage encourage growth, resulting in increased yield quality by converting organic inorganic substances around rhizosphere zone into available nutrients. Besides regulating nutrient availability growth enhancement, rhizobacteria fungi can restrict that cause disease secreting inhibitory chemicals boosting immunity pests pathogens. Thus, viewed as viable, alluring economic approaches agriculture biofertilizers biopesticides. This review provides an overview role inducing defenses. Moreover, discussion presented surrounding recent consequences employing strategy towards improving fertilization effectiveness, encouraging stronger, more pest-resistant plants.

Language: Английский

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Trichoderma afroharzianum TRI07 metabolites inhibit Alternaria alternata growth and induce tomato defense-related enzymes

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Abstract Identifying a viable substitute for the limited array of current antifungal agents stands as crucial objective in modern agriculture. Consequently, extensive worldwide research has been undertaken to unveil eco-friendly and effective capable controlling pathogens resistant presently employed fungicides. This study explores efficacy Trichoderma isolates combating tomato leaf spot disease, primarily caused by Alternaria alternata . The identified pathogen, A. Alt3, was isolated confirmed through ITS region (OQ888806). Six were assessed their ability inhibit Alt3 hyphal growth using dual culture, ethyl acetate extract, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) techniques. most promising biocontrol isolate T. afroharzianum TRI07 based on three markers: (OQ820171), translation elongation factor alpha 1 gene (OR125580), RNA polymerase II subunit (OR125581). extract subjected GC–MS analysis, revealing spathulenol, triacetin, aspartame main compounds, with percentages 28.90, 14.03, 12.97%, respectively. Analysis TRI07-VOCs solid-phase microextraction technique indicated that abundant included ethanol, hydroperoxide, 1-methylhexyl, 1-octen-3-one. When interacted 34 identified, major components including 1-octen-3-one, hexanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester. In greenhouse experiment, treatment 48 h before inoculation (A3 treatment) resulted reduction disease severity (16.66%) incidence (44.44%). Furthermore, A3 led improved performance parameters increased chlorophyll content. After 21 days post-inoculation, associated production antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POD, SOD, PPO), while infected plants exhibited elevated levels oxidative stress markers MDA H 2 O HPLC analysis extracts from revealed higher phenolic acids such gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic, syringic, coumaric acids, well flavonoid catechin, rutin, vanillin. novelty lies bridging gap between strain-specific attributes practical application, enhancing understanding TRI07’s potential integrated pest management. concludes presents natural biological activity, effectively promoting plant growth. findings have implications agriculture, suggesting sustainable strategy can enhance crop resilience contribute management practices.

Language: Английский

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Trichoderma pubescens Elicit Induced Systemic Resistance in Tomato Challenged by Rhizoctonia solani

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 167 - 167

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

Rhizoctonia solani causes severe diseases in many plant species, particularly root rot tomato plants. For the first time, Trichoderma pubescens effectively controls R. vitro and vivo. strain R11 was identified using ITS region (OP456527); meanwhile, T. Tp21 characterized by (OP456528) two genes (tef-1 rpb2). The antagonistic dual culture method revealed that had a high activity of 76.93% vitro. A substantial increase length, height, shoot fresh dry, dry weight indicated after applying to plants Additionally, it significantly increased chlorophyll content total phenolic compounds. treatment with exhibited low disease index (DI, 16.00%) without significant differences Uniform® fungicide at concentration 1 ppm (14.67%), while solani-infected showed DI 78.67%. At 15 days inoculation, promising increases relative expression levels three defense-related (PAL, CHS, HQT) were observed all treated compared non-treated Plants alone highest value, transcriptional PAL, HQT 2.72-, 4.44-, 3.72-fold higher comparison control plants, respectively. treatments increasing antioxidant enzyme production (POX, SOD, PPO, CAT), MDA H2O2 infected HPLC results leaf extract fluctuation polyphenolic compound content. application or for treating pathogen infection elevated acids such as chlorogenic coumaric acids. Therefore, ability inhibit growth solani, enhance development induce systemic resistance supports potential bioagent managing productivity crops.

Language: Английский

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High-Sensitivity Detection of Tobacco Mosaic Virus RNA Based on a Ring-Opening Polymerization Fluorescent Biosensor

Journal of Analysis and Testing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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Antiviral Activity of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel Extract against Tobacco Mosaic Virus

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 2103 - 2103

Published: May 25, 2023

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a major pathogen affecting tomato plants worldwide. The efficacy of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) mediated by Punica granatum biowaste peel extract in mitigating the negative impact TMV infection on growth and oxidative stress was investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission (TEM), UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR). Results SEM analysis green Ag-NPs revealed presence condensed spherical or round NPs with diameters ranging between 61 97 nm. TEM confirmed results showed round-shaped an average size 33.37 ± 12.7 elemental (EDX) prepared Ag as peak (64.43%) at 3-3.5 KeV. FTIR several functional groups Ag-NPs, for which three treatment strategies Ag-NP applications were evaluated greenhouse study compared to inoculated control plants: pre-infection (TB), post-infection (TA), dual (TD). that TD strategy most effective improving reducing viral replication, whereas all treatments (TB, TA, TD) found significantly increase expression pathogenesis-related (PR) genes PR-1 PR-2, well polyphenolic compounds, HQT, C4H plants. In contrast, flavonoid content not affected infection, while phenolic reduced group. Furthermore, led significant markers MDA H2O2, reduction enzymatic activity antioxidants PPO, SOD, POX. Our clearly application TMV-infected reduces accumulation, delays replication treatments, greatly enhances CHS gene involved biosynthesis. Overall, these findings suggest may be mitigate

Language: Английский

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Optimizing the batch fermentation process (agitation and aeration) of the biocontrol agent, Bacillus velezensis strain KSAM1, and its influence on soilborne fungus, Macrophomina phaseolina

Journal of King Saud University - Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 0, P. 1 - 12

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Role of Beneficial Microorganisms in Vegetable Crop Production and Stress Tolerance

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Antiviral and Antifungal of Ulva fasciata Extract: HPLC Analysis of Polyphenolic Compounds

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(19), P. 12799 - 12799

Published: Oct. 7, 2022

The increasing usage of chemical control agents, as well fungicides to manage plant diseases, causes human and environmental health problems. Macroalgae represent a reservoir for tremendous variety secondary metabolites that display wide range biological activities. However, their anti-phytopathogenic properties are still being studied. current study was conducted investigate whether or not the macroalgae Ulva fasciata extract exhibits antifungal antiviral In this regard, organic extracts U. were tested capabilities against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) three molecularly identified fungal isolates, Fusarium verticillioides, Alternaria tenuissima, Botrytis cinerea with accession numbers OP363619, OP363620, OP363621, respectively. Among concentrations, 100 µg/mL had best activity B. TMV, 69.26%and 81.25% inhibition rates, HPLC analysis profiling showed presence number phenolic flavonoid compounds widely known many line, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid highest compound (12.3 µg/mL) present in extract, followed by ferulic (9.05 µg/mL). 7-hydroxyflavone (12.45 faciata rutin, which recorded concentration 7.62 µg/ mL. results show has properties, makes it possible source natural antimicrobial agents.

Language: Английский

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Trichoderma viride Isolate Tvd44 Enhances Potato Growth and Stimulates the Defense System against Potato Virus Y

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(6), P. 716 - 716

Published: June 17, 2023

Biological treatments may be employed to combat viral plant infections. In this study, Trichoderma viride was applied as a biocontrol agent enhance the systemic resistance of potato plants against virus Y (PVY). T. isolate Tvd44 (OQ991378) isolated and molecularly characterized before being used an PVY. The foliar application on PVY-inoculated potatoes significantly promoted growth, height, roots, number leaves. Results also showed that levels peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), total proteins, chlorophyll increased in leaves 21 days post-inoculation compared untreated plants. qPCR assays conducted Tvd44-treated exhibited reduction PVY-CP accumulation up 18.76-fold (101.82-fold). results defense-related genes (PR-1, POD, PAL, CHS, HQT) were highly expressed all Three compounds: thiocarbamic acid, N,N-dimethyl, S-1,3-diphenyl-2-butenyl ester; 1,1-dicyano-2-methyl-4-(p-cyanophenyl) propane; trans-[(2,3-diphenylcyclopropyl)methyl] phenyl sulfide most abundant compounds detected ethyl acetate extract Tvd44-culture filtrate using GC–MS analysis. Our finding supports efficacy potential can successfully control PVY infections increase productivity crop.

Language: Английский

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Agronomic Efficiency of Compost Extracts and Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria in Soybean Crops

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 341 - 341

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Regenerative agriculture and the use of bioinputs have been gaining prominence in global agribusiness sector, driven by growing demand for healthier foods produced with minimal impact on ecosystems. In this context, compost its derivatives (compost extracts teas) are used to provide effective microorganisms crops, although production processes affect efficiency extracts, as well soil microbiota. Thus, hypothesis raised was that organic matter source formation affects agronomic extracts. The objective study evaluate effect based litterfall angiosperm (AC) gymnosperm (GC) species, inoculation nitrogen-fixing bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum Azospirillum brasilense (Bra+Azo), quality, crop growth, grain yield, disease control soybean (Glycine max L.) crops. Using AC GC resulted varying effects growth microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), confirming Plants inoculated Bra+Azo exhibited higher chlorophyll contents, resulting a photochemical yield than those treated (AC GC). However, plants high plasticity mitigating stress, reaching similar photosynthetic transpiration rates observed Bra+Azo. Additionally, Bra+Azo, overall, improved plants, GC) were more increasing 1000-grain weight, probably due improvements root development. promotion is likely attributed increases SMBC these compounds, denoting quality biocontrol damage caused insect attacks.

Language: Английский

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