Ameliorating heat stressed conditions in wheat by altering its physiological and phenotypic traits associated with varying nitrogen levels

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 52(1), P. 13471 - 13471

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

Currently, more than half of the global nations cultivating wheat crops are facing severe consequences climate change and its associated heat stress in terms quantitative qualitative yield losses. Plants exposed to need a balanced adequate amount mineral nutrients counter ill effects. Therefore, present study was designed investigate potential effects applied during vegetative growth period (Zadoks scale: ZGS 5-60) on physiological phenotypic traits (Triticum aestivum) crop subjected variable rates nitrogen (N). In this experiment, plants cv. ‘Punjab-2011’ were two levels temperature i.e. (HS) control or non-heat (NHS), three N (N50 = 50 kg ha-1, N100= 100 ha-1 N150 150 ha-1). The experiment executed under controlled conditions completely randomized design (CRD) with six replications. One set eighteen pots containing seedlings placed compartment greenhouse heat-stressed conditions, while another non-heated conditions. compartments equipped heating cooling system maintain desired ecological Pots heated chamber kept for 60 days from emergence (ZGS 5-60), then shifted till harvesting. treatment almost 2 ± 0.47 °C higher treatment. results indicated that HS significantly reduced photosynthetic rate by 42.52%, leaf efficiency 56.82%, chlorophyll scores 20.11%, relative water contents (RWC) 12.81%, tillers 48.21%, grain weight 21.47% 68.20% NHS These reductions prominent limited dose (50 Furthermore, also revealed transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, membrane ruptures N50 However, compensated detrimental improving efficiencies, RWC, stability pigments, tillers, weight, wheat. Additionally, negatively correlated internal CO2 concentration, leakage. conclusion, high temperatures could alleviate magnitude penalties enhance withstand heat-induced

Language: Английский

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Invisible vectors, visible impact: The role of eriophyoid mites in emaravirus disease dynamics

Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110478 - 110478

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of twenty genotypes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under heat stress during germination stage

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 51(2), P. 13207 - 13207

Published: June 15, 2023

Heat stress is one of the most devastating abiotic stresses which causes significant loss agricultural crop productivity. Thus, it critical to examine wheat’s response heat at seedling stage and adopt an appreciated breeding method develop tolerance avoid harmful effects. Therefore, twenty wheat genotypes, including two local landraces, were evaluated in current study investigate genetic diversity for stage. Grains genotypes placed on filter papers Petri dishes germinating different temperature ranges (i.e., 25 °C as control, 30 °C, 35 40 °C). The experiment was laid out a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial arrangement number replications three. Analysis variance (ANOVA) traits biochemical analysis showed that had differences coleoptile length, shoot length (SL), root (RL), fresh weight (SFW), vigor index (VI), glycine betaine (GB) proline content. effect treatments also exhibited highly variation VI. Principal component (PCA) four factors contributed 82.8% total variability Eigen value greater than 0.7 °C. Correlation germination percentage (GP) significant-positive correlation SL, VI, SFW. Results ‘Maraj’, ‘Fareed’, ‘Darabi’, ‘Zincol-16’, ‘Barsat’, ‘NARC-2011’, ‘Mundar’ superior performance when grown under temperatures. ‘Inqalab-91’, ‘Galexy’ performed well regarding H2O2 antioxidant activity. These level can be used high temperatures future programs further research purposes.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing biosecurity against virus disease threats to Australian grain crops: current situation and future prospects

Frontiers in Horticulture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Sept. 29, 2023

Australia is a major grain exporter, and this trade makes an important contribution to its economy. Fortunately, it remains free of many damaging virus diseases vectors found elsewhere. However, crop biosecurity under increasing pressure from global ecological, climatic, demographic challenges. Stringent plant health programs safeguard Australian production vector incursions entering via different pathways. These formerly relied upon traditional testing procedures (indicator hosts, serology, PCRs) intercept incoming virus-contaminated material. Recently, the integration rapid genomic diagnostics innovation involving High Throughput Sequencing (HTS) smart tools into sample schedules exploration improve accuracy, efficiency, cost effectiveness diverse circumstances. This process includes evaluating deployment Illumina Oxford Nanopore Technology shotgun sequencing. It also targeted viral genome HTS metabarcoding approaches. In addition, using machine learning deep capacities for big data analyses remote sensing technologies will surveillance. Tracking variants be improved by surveillance networks which combine genomic-surveillance systems with interoperable database. specimen collections help ensure accuracy identifications based solely on genetic information. Enhancing routine diagnosis collection these innovations post entry interception background reduce frequency new incursions, management during eradication, containment other activities, achieve more profitable production.

Language: Английский

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Genetic Diversity among Rose Rosette Virus Isolates: A Roadmap towards Studies of Gene Function and Pathogenicity

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 707 - 707

Published: May 12, 2023

The phylogenetic relationships of ninety-five rose rosette virus (RRV) isolates with full-length genomic sequences were analyzed. These recovered mostly from commercial roses that are vegetatively propagated rather than grown seed. First, the genome segments concatenated, and maximum likelihood (ML) tree shows branches arrange independent their geographic origination. There six major groups isolates, 54 in group 6 distributed two subgroups. An analysis nucleotide diversity across concatenated showed lower genetic differences among RNAs encoding core proteins required for encapsidation latter segments. Recombination breakpoints identified near junctions several segments, suggesting exchange contributes to isolates. ML individual RNA revealed different relationship patterns which supports notion reassortment. We tracked branch positions newly sequenced highlight how relate other RNA6 has an interesting pattern single-nucleotide mutations appear influence amino acid changes protein products derived ORF6a ORF6b. P6a typically 61 residues, although three encoded truncated 29 four extended 76-94 residues. Homologous P5 P7 be evolving independently. results suggest greater RRV previously recognized.

Language: Английский

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Distribution of Wheat-Infecting Viruses and Genetic Variability of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus and Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus in Kazakhstan

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 96 - 96

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Wheat is an essential cereal crop for the economy and food safety of Kazakhstan. In present work, a screening wheat barley from different regions Kazakhstan was conducted using newly developed specific primers reverse transcription PCR loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays. total, 82 19 256 samples tested positive streak mosaic virus (WSMV) stripe (BSMV), respectively. A phylogenetic analysis two independent methods revealed that most analyzed isolates had European origin. Molecular data on distribution diversity viruses in were obtained first time will help lay foundation implementation genetics genomics phyto-epidemiology country.

Language: Английский

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Biological and molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of an Iranian isolate of High Plains wheat mosaic virus

Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Abstract High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV) is an eriophyid‐mite transmitted infecting a number of cereals and grasses worldwide. HPWMoV has recently been reported in Iran; therefore, comprehensive study was required to elucidate the molecular biological characteristics this newly identified virus. In study, whole genome sequence, transmission efficiency partial host range Iranian isolate (HPWMoV‐Ir) were determined. Moreover, survey conducted understand occurrence curl mite‐transmitted HPWMoV, streak (WSMV), Triticum (TriMV) brome (BrSMV) as mite‐borne viruses fields located central regions Iran. During viruses, we found that mixed infections WSMV (43.7%) more prevalent than their single infections, while all samples negative for TriMV BrSMV. other grasses, such maize, barley, wall oat, rye, Johnson grass millet, naturally experimentally infected with HPWMoV‐Ir at high efficiency. by Aceria tosichella 43% efficiency, which similar rate infection WSMV. The complete sequence comparisons isolates showed identities ranging from 79.5% 98.1%. Remarkably, possessed variant did not show any heterogeneity its nucleocapsid protein gene. Phylogenetic analysis eight genomic RNA segments positioned group B Midwestern United States Australia. This discovery can assist researchers effectively mitigating pathogen risks through accurate diagnosis timely management disease.

Language: Английский

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Wheat streak mosaic virus: transmission, its impact, and crop protection strategies—a systematic review

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Molecular Population Genetics of Aspen Mosaic-Associated Virus in Finland and Sweden

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 1678 - 1678

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Aspen mosaic-associated virus (AsMaV) is a newly identified Emaravirus, in the family Fimoviridae, Bunyavirales, associated with mosaic symptoms aspen trees (Populus tremula). are widely distributed Europe and understanding population structure of AsMaV may aid development better management strategies. The genome consists five negative-sense single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) molecules. To investigate genetic diversity parameters AsMaV, different regions were amplified analyzed full-length sequence divergent isolates cloned sequenced. results show that RNA3 or nucleoprotein good representative for studying AsMaV. Developed RT-PCR-RFLP was able to identify areas higher number haplotypes could be applied screening large samples. In general, has conserved based on phylogenetic studies, geographical structuring observed from Sweden Finland, which attributed founder effects. under purifying selection but not uniformly genomic RNAs. Distant displayed amino acid variations compared other isolates, bioinformatic analysis predicted potential post-translational modification sites some viral proteins.

Language: Английский

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