Investigating SARS-CoV-2 Neutralising Antibody Response in Sheep DOI Creative Commons
Milena Samojlović, João R. Mesquita, Sérgio Santos‐Silva

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 49 - 49

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

SARS-CoV-2 can cause clinical and inapparent disease mortality in several animals cohabitating with humans, sheep are susceptible to due virus–receptor interactions similar those humans. Hence, have the potential be infected, spread, develop neutralising antibodies (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was investigate prevalence NAbs farm after natural exposure virus. Serum samples were collected from Serra da Estrela region Portugal, both prior during COVID-19 pandemic. sera tested by established pseudovirus systems for multiple variants (early—Wuhan, mid—Delta, Omicron—BA.1, late—Omicron XBB, BQ.1.1). Partial neutralisation activity Pre-pandemic Mid-pandemic observed, while no NAb observed Late-pandemic tested. Different levels between periods (p ≤ 0.01). Our results indicate that cross-species transmission may occurred through human–sheep contacts on farms pandemic, could contribute One Health Approach zoonotic virus surveillance pandemic preparedness.

Language: Английский

Adoptive transfer of natural killer cells in therapeutic treatment of COVID-19 patients DOI Creative Commons
Abdulaziz Alamri

Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Abstract Background Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial constituents of innate immunity, playing a vital role in the early defense against viral infections and cancer. Their antiviral capabilities stem from direct cytotoxic activity infected immunoregulatory functions that modulate adaptive immune responses. In context Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), NK contribute to controlling replication limiting excessive inflammatory Aims This review highlights mechanisms underlying cell-mediated activity, focusing on their interactions with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2). We discuss potential sources for adoptive transfer therapy, critical factors influencing therapeutic efficacy, considerations clinical translation COVID-19 treatment. Methods Various cell therapy discussed, including peripheral blood, cord genetically engineered cells. Key efficacy safety cell-based therapies analyzed, cytokine modulation, subset selection, delivery methods. Conclusion Understanding influence success can inform design more effective immunotherapies patients. Strategies improving function, such as genetic modification optimizing protocols, highlighted enhance outcomes. Graphical neutralize SARS-CoV-2 by releasing granules, inhibiting replication, modulating inflammation. They originate engineering. Therapeutic strategies include transfer, optimized delivery. Inflammation is controlled, reducing

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Infectious potential and circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in wild rats DOI Creative Commons

Kevyn Beissat,

Virginie Lattard, Evelyne Picard‐Meyer

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. e0316882 - e0316882

Published: May 12, 2025

Since the beginning of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, a wide range animal species (pets, mink…) have been naturally infected with this betacoronavirus. The emergence new variants has increased ability SARS-CoV-2 to infect that were not susceptible “original” SARS-CoV-2, such as mice and rats. This work attempted evaluate role urban rats in transmission by combining surveillance studies rat populations environments, vivo experimental inoculation comparative viral-receptor interaction silico analyses. We studied circulation wild Rattus norvegicus (n = 401) captured areas sewage systems several French cities. Except for 3 inconclusive samples (2/75 from Bordeaux 1/261 Lyon) none 353 sera tested showed anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies microsphere immunoassay. However, negative virus neutralisation assay. No viral RNA was detected all lungs collected 401 brown In complement, four groups (two wild-type colonies, rattus , two laboratory strains, Sprague-Dawley Wistar) inoculated Omicron BA.5. At 4 days post-inoculation, no infectious particles upper tract (URT) while at low level only URT groups. addition, seroconversion observed 14 after By molecular modelling, BA.5 receptor binding domain (RBD) had lower affinities ACE2 than Homo sapiens ACE2. Based on these results unable type study different France SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
ONE HEALTH APPROACH ON SARS-COV-2 – USING SHEEP AS SENTINEL ANIMALS TO INCREASE FUTURE PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS – a pilot study DOI Creative Commons
Milena Samojlović, João R. Mesquita, Sérgio Santos‐Silva

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 15, 2024

Abstract Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that can infect number species birds and mammals with great zoonotic potential to cross barriers cause spill-over events. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown clinical inapparent disease mortality in several animals cohabitating humans. Sheep also susceptible have harbor spread the virus, as well develop neutralising antibodies due similarities virus-receptor interactions those The main aim this study was investigate prevalence sentinel after natural exposure virus. serum samples were collected from sheep Central Portugal, Serra da Estrela region, both prior during COVID-19 pandemic. kept on dairy farms for production cheese, small herds constant contact farm workers. sera tested using already established pseudovirus systems multiple variants including Wuhan, Delta Omicron. Partial neutralisation activity towards Wuhan observed, while neutralisating antibody escape observed all Omicron mutations present . Our results indicate virus cross-species transmission could through contacts between people farms. Using sentinels is importance implementing One Health Approach surveillance control increasing future pandemic preparedness.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infection in urban and peri-urban wildlife species from Catalonia (Spain) DOI Creative Commons
Leira Fernández‐Bastit, Tomás Montalvo,

Sandra Franco

et al.

One Health Outlook, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Abstract Background Human activities including deforestation, urbanization, and wildlife exploitation increase the risk of transmission zoonotic diseases. Urban peri-urban species often flourish in human-altered environments, with their survival behavior heavily influenced by human-generated food waste. In Catalonia, Spain, other Mediterranean regions, rodents, house mouse ( Mus musculus) , black rat Rattus rattus) Norway norvegicus) as well wild boar Sus scrofa ) are common urban areas. These host numerous infectious agents, coronaviruses (CoVs), posing potential human health risks. During coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) evolved to infect previously non-susceptible species, variants capable infecting emphasizing importance surveillance studies. Methods The present study assessed SARS-CoV-2 presence and/or exposure 232 313 boar, 37 Vietnamese Pot-bellied pigs Catalonia during pandemic period (2020–2023). Results All animals tested for infection (232 rodents 29 boar) were negative. For exposure, 3 out (0.96%) positive ELISA, while remaining 32 310 all Cross-reactivity CoVs was predicted ELISA-positive samples, negative virus neutralization assay, considered gold standard technique. Conclusions absence or rodent supports negligible role viral spread COVID-19 Catalonia. However, proximity humans ongoing genetic evolution underline need continued monitoring. Surveillance animal can contribute design measures control emergence new reservoirs intermediate hosts that could facilitate spillover events.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Editorial for SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Topical Collection DOI Creative Commons
Luis Martínez‐Sobrido, Fernando Almazán

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 356 - 356

Published: Feb. 25, 2024

A previously unknown coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was isolated in Wuhan, China December 2019, from a patient with disease linked to potential contact wild animals [...]

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Investigating SARS-CoV-2 Neutralising Antibody Response in Sheep DOI Creative Commons
Milena Samojlović, João R. Mesquita, Sérgio Santos‐Silva

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 49 - 49

Published: Dec. 30, 2024

SARS-CoV-2 can cause clinical and inapparent disease mortality in several animals cohabitating with humans, sheep are susceptible to due virus–receptor interactions similar those humans. Hence, have the potential be infected, spread, develop neutralising antibodies (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was investigate prevalence NAbs farm after natural exposure virus. Serum samples were collected from Serra da Estrela region Portugal, both prior during COVID-19 pandemic. sera tested by established pseudovirus systems for multiple variants (early—Wuhan, mid—Delta, Omicron—BA.1, late—Omicron XBB, BQ.1.1). Partial neutralisation activity Pre-pandemic Mid-pandemic observed, while no NAb observed Late-pandemic tested. Different levels between periods (p ≤ 0.01). Our results indicate that cross-species transmission may occurred through human–sheep contacts on farms pandemic, could contribute One Health Approach zoonotic virus surveillance pandemic preparedness.

Language: Английский

Citations

0