Antigenic Imprinting Dominates Humoral Responses to New Variants of SARS-CoV-2 in a Hamster Model of COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons

Joran Degryse,

Elke Maas, Ria Lassaunière

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2591 - 2591

Published: Dec. 14, 2024

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants escaping immunity challenges the efficacy current vaccines. Here, we investigated humoral recall responses and vaccine-mediated protection in Syrian hamsters immunized with third-generation Comirnaty® Omicron XBB.1.5-adapted COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, followed by infection either antigenically closely (EG.5.1) or distantly related (JN.1) subvariants. Vaccination YF17D vector encoding a modified Gamma spike (YF-S0*) served as control for restricted to pre-Omicron variants. Our results show that both XBB.1.5 YF-S0* induce robust, however, poorly cross-reactive, neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses. In case, total nAb levels increased following infection. Intriguingly, specificity these boosted nAbs did not match respective challenge virus, but was skewed towards primary antigen used immunization, suggesting marked impact antigenic imprinting, confirmed cartography. Furthermore, limited cross-reactivity rapid decline induced EG.5.1 and, more concerning, JN.1, raises doubts about sustained vaccine against recent circulating conclusion, demonstrate imprinting plays dominant role shaping emerging Future design may have address two major issues: (i) overcoming original sin limits breadth protective response variants, (ii) achieving lasts at least one season.

Language: Английский

Natural infection of SARS-CoV-2 variant XBB.1.9.1.4.1 in laboratory Syrian hamsters DOI Creative Commons
Chunmao Zhang,

Zhendong Guo

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Efficacy of late-onset antiviral treatment in immunocompromised hosts with persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection DOI

Carolin M. Lieber,

Hae-Ji Kang,

Elizabeth B. Sobolik

et al.

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 98(9)

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Immunocompromised people are at high risk of prolonged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and progression to disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the efficacy late-onset direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with therapeutics in clinical use experimental drugs mitigate persistent viral replication is unclear. In this study, we employed an immunocompromised mouse model, which supports SARS-CoV-2 explore treatment options. Tandem immuno-depletion CD4

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Efficacy of late-onset antiviral treatment in immune-compromised hosts with persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection DOI Open Access

Carolin M. Lieber,

Hae-Ji Kang,

Elizabeth B. Sobolik

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 23, 2024

The immunocompromised are at high risk of prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection and progression to severe COVID-19. However, efficacy late-onset direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with therapeutics in clinical use experimental drugs mitigate persistent viral replication is unclear. In this study, we employed an mouse model, which supports explore treatment options. Tandem immuno-depletion CD4

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Antigenic imprinting dominates humoral responses to new variants of SARS-CoV-2 in a hamster model of COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons

Joran Degryse,

Elke Maas, Ria Lassaunière

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 31, 2024

Abstract The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants escaping immunity challenges the efficacy current vaccines. Here, we investigated humoral recall responses and vaccine-mediated protection in Syrian hamsters immunized with third-generation Comirnaty® Omicron XBB.1.5-adapted COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, followed by infection either antigenically closely (EG.5.1) or distantly related (JN.1) subvariants. Vaccination YF17D vector encoding a modified Gamma spike (YF-S0*) served as control for pre-Omicron immunity. Our results show that both XBB.1.5 YF-S0* induce robust, however, poorly cross-reactive, neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses. In case, total nAb levels increased following infection. Intriguingly, specificity these boosted nAbs did not match respective challenge virus but was skewed towards primary antigen used immunization, suggesting marked impact antigenic imprinting; confirmed cartography. Furthermore, limited cross-reactivity rapid decline induced EG.5.1 and, more concerning, JN.1. raises doubts about sustained vaccine against recent circulating Future design may have to address two major issues: (i) overcome original sin limits breadth protective response emerging variants, (ii) achieve lasts at least one season.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Cross-sectional and longitudinal genotype to phenotype surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants over the first four years of the COVID-19 pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Anna‐Karin Åkerman, Christina Fichter, Vanessa Milogiannakis

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 19, 2024

Abstract Background Continued phenotyping and ongoing surveillance are important in current future monitoring of emerging SARS-CoV-2 lineages. Herein we developed pragmatic strategies to track the emergence, spread phenotype variants Australia an era decreasing diagnostic PCR testing focused cohort-based studies. This was aligned longitudinal studies that span 4 years COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Throughout 2023, partnered with pathology providers pathogen genomics teams identify relevant or circulating New South Wales (NSW) community. We monitored through viral culture, growth algorithms, neutralization responses change entry requirements defined by ACE2 TMPRSS2 receptor use. To frame this context pandemic stage, continued longitudinally neutralisation at population level using sequential batches pooled Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIG) derived from excess 700,000 donations. Findings In antibodies recent individual donations thousands IVIGs, observed across prior EG.5.1, HV.1, XCT JN.1 ranked as most evasive variants. Changes type I antibody site Spike positions 452, 455 456 were associated lowered XBB tracking immunity spanning three years, maturation breadth all over time. Whilst initially displayed high levels imprinting towards Ancestral early pre-Omicron lineages, slowly countered increased cross reactive predicted have a significant transmission advantage late 2023 eventuated globally start 2024. could not attributed resistance but rather propose arises preferential utilization cleavage-resistant ACE2. Interpretation The emergence many lineages documented end be responses. gradual later appearance dominance divergent lineage cannot lack alone, support its culmination both changes ACE2/TMPRSS2 preferences.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Feasibility and Effective Binding Inhibitors against COVID-19 BA.2.86 DOI Creative Commons
Toshihiko Hanai

Journal of drug design and research., Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 1 - 11

Published: March 21, 2024

The binding strength of COVID-19 variants, Omicron BQ.1, XBB.1.5, XBB 1.16, FE.1, EG.5, and BA.2.86, with the ACE-2, was calculated evaluated previous variants.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Cross-sectional and longitudinal genotype to phenotype surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants over the first four years of the COVID-19 pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Anouschka Akerman, Christina Fichter, Vanessa Milogiannakis

et al.

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 110, P. 105415 - 105415

Published: Nov. 15, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Antigenic Imprinting Dominates Humoral Responses to New Variants of SARS-CoV-2 in a Hamster Model of COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons

Joran Degryse,

Elke Maas, Ria Lassaunière

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2591 - 2591

Published: Dec. 14, 2024

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants escaping immunity challenges the efficacy current vaccines. Here, we investigated humoral recall responses and vaccine-mediated protection in Syrian hamsters immunized with third-generation Comirnaty® Omicron XBB.1.5-adapted COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, followed by infection either antigenically closely (EG.5.1) or distantly related (JN.1) subvariants. Vaccination YF17D vector encoding a modified Gamma spike (YF-S0*) served as control for restricted to pre-Omicron variants. Our results show that both XBB.1.5 YF-S0* induce robust, however, poorly cross-reactive, neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses. In case, total nAb levels increased following infection. Intriguingly, specificity these boosted nAbs did not match respective challenge virus, but was skewed towards primary antigen used immunization, suggesting marked impact antigenic imprinting, confirmed cartography. Furthermore, limited cross-reactivity rapid decline induced EG.5.1 and, more concerning, JN.1, raises doubts about sustained vaccine against recent circulating conclusion, demonstrate imprinting plays dominant role shaping emerging Future design may have address two major issues: (i) overcoming original sin limits breadth protective response variants, (ii) achieving lasts at least one season.

Language: Английский

Citations

0