COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Africa: a scoping review

Global Health Research and Policy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 19, 2022

Abstract Background Vaccination against the novel coronavirus is one of most effective strategies for combating global Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, vaccine hesitancy has emerged as a major obstacle in several regions world, including Africa. The objective this rapid review was to summarize literature on COVID-19 Methods We searched Scopus, Web Science, African Index Medicus, and OVID Medline studies published from January 1, 2020, March 8, 2022, examining acceptance or towards Study characteristics reasons were extracted included articles. Results A total 71 articles met eligibility criteria review. Majority (n = 25, 35%) conducted Ethiopia. Studies Botswana, Cameroun, Cote D’Ivoire, DR Congo, Ghana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe also rate ranged 6.9 97.9%. concerns with safety side effects, lack trust pharmaceutical industries misinformation conflicting information media. Factors associated positive attitudes being male, having higher level education, fear contracting virus. Conclusions Our demonstrated contextualized multifaceted inhibiting encouraging uptake countries. This evidence key operationalizing interventions based facts opposed assumptions. paper provided important considerations addressing challenge blunting impact pandemic

Language: Английский

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic across Africa: Current Status of Vaccinations and Implications for the Future

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 1553 - 1553

Published: Sept. 17, 2022

The introduction of effective vaccines in December 2020 marked a significant step forward the global response to COVID-19. Given concerns with access, acceptability, and hesitancy across Africa, there is need describe current status vaccine uptake continent. An exploratory study was undertaken investigate these aspects, challenges, lessons learnt Africa provide future direction. Senior personnel 14 African countries completed self-administered questionnaire, descriptive analysis data. Vaccine roll-out commenced March 2021 most countries. COVID-19 vaccination coverage varied from low Cameroon Tanzania up 39.85% full Botswana at end 2021; that is, all doses advocated by initial protocols versus total population, rates increasing 58.4% June 2022. greatest increase people being fully vaccinated observed Uganda (20.4% increase), (18.5% Zambia (17.9% increase). Most were obtained through WHO-COVAX agreements. Initially, prioritised for healthcare workers (HCWs), elderly, adults co-morbidities, other at-risk groups, now commencing among children administering booster doses. Challenges included irregular supply considerable arising misinformation fuelled social media activities. Overall, fair reasonable access countries, enhanced government initiatives. must be addressed context-specific interventions, including proactive programmes HCWs, medical journalists, public.

Language: Английский

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Persisting Vaccine Hesitancy in Africa: The Whys, Global Public Health Consequences and Ways-Out—COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Rates as Case-in-Point

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 1934 - 1934

Published: Nov. 15, 2022

Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is the seventh among WHO’s top 10 threats to global public health, which has continued perpetuate transmission of vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) in Africa. Consequently, this paper systematically reviewed COVID-19 acceptance rates (VARs)—including uptake and vaccination intention—in Africa from 2020 2022, compared within five African regions determined context-specific causes VH Generally, VARs ranged 21.0% 97.9% 8.2% 92.0% with mean 59.8 ± 3.8% 58.0 2.4% 2021 respectively. Southern eastern had two 83.5 6.3% 68.9 6.6% 2021, 64.2 4.6% 61.2 5.1% Based on population types, healthcare workers a marginal increase their 55.5 5.6% 60.8 5.3% 2022. In other populations, decreased 62.7 5.2% 54.5 4% As 25 October lags behind world only 24% full vaccinations 84%, 79% 63% reported, respectively, Australian continent, upper-middle-income countries globally. Apart problems confidence, complacency, convenience, communications context, factors driving are inequality, lack production/maintenance facilities, insecurity, high illiteracy level, endemic corruption, mistrust some political leaders, spreading unconfirmed anti-vaccination rumors instability. With an overall rate 58%, still subsists The low have detrimental health implications, as it could facilitate emergence immune invading SARS-CoV-2 variants concern, may spread there need confront these challenges frontally engage traditional religious leaders fight against Africa, restore trust safety efficacy vaccines generally. availability improves, pets zoo-animals reverse zoonotic been reported recommended, limit evolution new concern avert possible epizootic or panzootic susceptible animal species.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in South Africa: Lessons for Future Pandemics

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. 6694 - 6694

Published: May 30, 2022

Vaccine hesitancy, long considered a global health threat, poses major barrier to effective roll-out of COVID-19 vaccination. With less than half (45%) adult South Africans currently fully vaccinated, we identified factors affecting non-uptake vaccination and vaccine hesitancy in order identify key groups be targeted when embarking upon promotion campaigns. A cross-sectional, anonymous online survey was undertaken among the African population September 2021. Our research race, interactive-critical literacy, trust government's ability roll out programme, flu status risk perception for infection as influencing uptake Respondents who did not were almost 13 times more likely vaccine-hesitant compared those respondents government. Reliable, easy-to-understand information regarding safety vaccines is needed, but it also important that communication strategies include broader trust-building measures enhance Africans' effectively safely. This may case other countries where distrust governments' prevails.

Language: Английский

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Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. e066615 - e066615

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Objective To identify, describe and map the research tools used to measure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, refusal, acceptance access in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Design Scoping review. Methods In March 2022, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Academic Search Premier, MEDLINE, Cumulative Index Nursing Allied Health Literature, Source Nursing, Wide APA PsychInfo for peer-reviewed literature English related SSA. We Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses extension guide evidence gathering as a template present retrieval process. Results studies selected review (n=72), several measurement were refusal. These measurements willingness intent vaccinate from perspectives general population, special population groups such mothers, students staff academic institutions healthcare workers uptake proxy measuring assumed acceptance. Measurements vaccination cost affordability, convenience, distance time travel or waiting (dis)comfort. Although all measured relatively few (n=16, 22.2%) included explicit vaccination. Conclusions Based on gaps identified scoping review, propose that future determinants SSA should further prioritise inclusion access-related variables. recommend development use standardised can operationalise, disentangle complex throughout other low- middle-income country (LMIC) settings.

Language: Английский

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Infecting minds: socio-contextual drivers of vaccine perceptions and attitudes among young and older adults living in urban and rural areas in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 21, 2025

Abstract Background We investigated how social and contextual factors, including a pandemic, shape vaccine perceptions attitudes among people living in KwaZulu-Natal South Africa. assessed participants’ views, acceptance, uptake of vaccines for range infectious diseases, may be influenced by experiences events linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods conducted 30 in-depth face-to-face telephonic interviews with participants diverse rural urban communities two districts within KwaZulu-Natal. Participants were adults (≥ 18 years) consisting ordinary citizens, traditional healers, nurses. combined non-representative convenience, snowballing purposeful sampling techniques recruit participants. Data collection was IsiZulu, we used both inductive deductive thematic analysis approaches identify key themes towards vaccines. Findings Our study mostly those who had accepted vaccination. The main reasons given included understanding importance disease prevention survival, securing health family members, fear death, government campaigns, mandates penalties. Older 40 demonstrated more positive Most downplayed role culture religion However, some drivers hesitancy having an ancestral calling, medical pluralism, or local myths around treatment infections such as influenza mumps, perceived depopulation agenda couched mistrust use incentives penalties force accept Conclusion Exploring what shapes provides opportunities understand reasoning behind make decisions about whether take different geographical cultural spaces. exploration contexts, exposures circumstances provide insights into behaviour. Deeper engagement is crucial develop evidence that can inform interventions. Assumptions affect acceptance should avoided process developing evidence.

Language: Английский

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Perceptions, attitudes, practices, and factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination among travelers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Tropical Diseases Travel Medicine and Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: April 14, 2025

Abstract Background Vaccination against COVID-19 has been the primary public health measure implemented to limit spread of disease. However, there is still considerable scope for improvement in vaccine coverage, particularly sub-Saharan African countries. The factors influencing acceptance or reluctance have widely studied, but a gap literature with regard dynamic populations, travelers, who are one priority target groups vaccination. This study assessed perceptions, attitudes and practices regarding vaccine, explored associated vaccination status among travelers. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted at several points entry (PoEs) selected six sites (N’djili airport, Ngobila beach, Lufu, Boma, Moanda, Kananga), located three provinces Democratic Republic Congo (Kinshasa, Kongo Central Kasaï Central), from February 20 March 05, 2023. data were summarized logistic regression models performed assess status. Results total 2742 travelers included this survey. Of these, 54% had received least dose vaccine. Multivariable analyses revealed that significantly These age (under 60 years), marital (single), occupation (other than healthcare worker), mode travel airplane), poor perceptions most frequently cited reasons respondents prevention infection ease travel. In contrast, unvaccinated participants expressed greater concern about safety effectiveness as well vaccine-related side effects. Furthermore, disruption inappropriate identified significant obstacles PoEs. Conclusions It essential awareness initiatives address concerns misconceptions effectiveness. influence social media platforms may be harnessed dissemination accurate information trusted sources, including professionals, population. addition, accompanying measures should considered facilitate compliance different

Language: Английский

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Analysis of Perception, Reasons, and Motivations for COVID-19 Vaccination in People with Diabetes across Sub-Saharan Africa: A Mixed-Method Approach

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(13), P. 7875 - 7875

Published: June 27, 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with severe COVID-19 infection and complications. This study assesses vaccine acceptance hesitancy in people DM, explores the reasons for not being vaccinated. was a web-based cross-sectional survey using mixed-method approach conducted March-May 2021, corresponding to most Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries' early rollout period. Participants were those aged ≥18 years self-reported DM 11 countries. Responses comments on facilitators uptake analyzed. Of 73 participants 65.8% males, older than 35 (86.3%), had postsecondary education (90%), significant proportion from South Africa (39.7%), Nigeria (28.8%) Ghana (13.7%). At time of this study, 64.4% experienced symptoms, 46.6% tested COVID-19, which 19.2% positive. Few (6.8%) received vaccination, willing take when it becomes available their country, while 26.0% either refused or remained hesitant towards taking vaccine. The main identified were: advice religious leaders; concerns about safety, effects, efficacy vaccines; mistrust pharmaceutical companies producing vaccines process production; conspiracy theories around personal belief regarding vaccination. However, stated they would if more educated it, positive feedback vaccinated, rewarded vaccine, vaccination became condition travel employment. In conclusion, shows that very low high-risk group. Efforts increase among diabetes are imperative, such as provision relevant information.

Language: Английский

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Correlates of uptake of COVID-19 vaccines and motivation to vaccinate among Malawian adults

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(2)

Published: July 2, 2023

COVID-19 vaccine coverage in most countries Africa remains low. Determinants of uptake need to be better understood improve vaccination campaigns. Few studies from have identified correlates the general population. We surveyed adults at 32 healthcare facilities across Malawi, purposively sampled ensure balanced representation with and without HIV. The survey, informed by World Health Organization's Behavioural Social Drivers Vaccination Framework, asked about people's thoughts feelings vaccine, social processes, motivation vaccinate, access issues. classified respondents' status willingness used multivariable logistic regression assess these. Among 837 individuals (median age was 39 years (IQR 30–49) 56% were female), 33% up-to-date on vaccination, 61% unvaccinated, 6% overdue for a second dose. Those more likely know someone who had died COVID-19, feel is important safe, perceive pro-vaccination norms. Despite prevalent concerns side effects, 54% unvaccinated respondents willing vaccinate. Access issues reported 28% but respondents. Up-to-date associated positive attitudes perceiving Over half get vaccinated. Disseminating safety messages trusted sources ensuring local availability may ultimately increase uptake.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Associated Oral Cholera Vaccine Hesitancy in a Cholera-Endemic Country: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 444 - 444

Published: April 22, 2024

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its enablers shape community uptake of non-covid vaccines such as the oral cholera (OCV) in post-COVID-19 era. This study assessed impact drivers on OCV a cholera-endemic region Democratic Republic Congo. We conducted community-based survey Bukavu. The included demographics, intention to take vaccines, reasons for hesitancy, thoughts feelings about vaccines. Poisson regression analyses were performed. Of 1708 respondents, 84.66% 77.57% hesitant alone both COVID-19, respectively. Hesitancy rose by 12% (crude prevalence ratio, [cPR] = 1.12, 95%CI [1.03–1.21]). Independent predictors living semi-urban area (adjusted ratio [aPR] 1.10, [1.03–1.12]), religious refusal (aPR 1.06, [1.02–1.12]), concerns safety 1.05, [1.01–1.11]) adverse effects [1.01–1.12]), well poor literacy 1.07, [1.01–1.14]). Interestingly, belief effectiveness reduced 24% 0.76, [0.62–0.93]). exhibited significant domino effect uptake. Addressing through health trust-building interventions would likely improve introduction novel non-COVID-19

Language: Английский

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