Barriers to Childhood Immunisation and Local Strategies in Four Districts in South Africa: A Qualitative Study

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1035 - 1035

Published: Sept. 10, 2024

Introduction: In South Africa over the past 20 years, immunisation has saved countless lives as well prevented illnesses and disabilities. Despite this, vaccine-preventable remain a danger. The demand for uptake of services are shaped by variety factors that can either act barriers or facilitators to uptake. aim this project was identify supply develop local strategies improve childhood in four zero-dose districts Africa. Materials Methods: This study used mixed-method approach. each these districts, 15 in-depth key informant interviews with health workers managers focus group discussions (10 participants per discussion) community members caregivers were held three-month period. Transcribed thematically analysed using qualitative analysis software (Nvivo®) into 10 identified important influencing previous studies. A further during data process. Results: varying role affecting services, three consistent findings stand out major across all districts. first is interaction healthcare staff. clearly highlights crucial interactions between patients staff play shaping perceptions behaviours related services. second overall experience care at facilities. emphasises patient plays third family dynamics. dynamics individuals’ decisions regarding impact it on ability people access Discussion: played different varied examined study. Each presents unique landscape where have degrees importance utilisation some certain barriers, hindering while others, same might be relatively minor barrier. discrepancy nature challenges need tailored strategy recommendations address them effectively.

Language: Английский

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Conspiracy narratives and vaccine hesitancy: a scoping review of prevalence, impact, and interventions

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccines Status, Acceptance and Hesitancy among Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study and the Implications for Pakistan and Beyond

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 904 - 904

Published: April 27, 2023

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy continues to be a widespread problem in Pakistan due various conspiracy beliefs, myths and misconceptions. Since the hemodialysis population is at higher risk of contracting infections, we sought investigate current immunization status reasons for any among these patients Pakistan. This cross-sectional study was conducted maintenance six hospitals Punjab Province Data were collected anonymously using questionnaire. A total 399 took part survey, majority them male (56%) aged 45-64 years. calculated 62.4% reported receiving least one dose vaccine. Of those vaccinated (249), 73.5% had received two doses 16.9% booster dose. The most common vaccination "being aware they high risk" (89.6%), "fear getting infected" (89.2%) "willingness fight against COVID-19-pandemic" (83.9%). 150 who not yet been vaccinated, only 10 showed willingness take major refusal included "COVID-19 real problem" (75%), "corona (72.1%)" "I don't need vaccine" (60.7%). Our revealed that 62% partially or completely COVID-19. Consequently, there initiate aggressive approaches educate this high-risk order address their concerns with safety efficacy as well correct misconceptions improve population.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Implications for Economic Recovery: Evidence from Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality in South Africa

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1339 - 1339

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

The phenomenon of vaccine hesitancy is a growing threat to public health with far-reaching implications. widening gap between the vaccinated and proportion people needed for herd immunity raises two critical research questions that are interest practitioners, researchers, policymakers: (1) What determines one's decision be vaccinated? (2) implication COVID-19 economic recovery? In this study, we use empirical data in context South Africa investigate factors affecting their implications recovery. Findings reveal key socio-demographic institutional drivers hesitancy, which include age (the youth more hesitant), inadequate information on (those who perceive they have adequate vaccinated), trust issues government institutions, conspiracy beliefs, vaccine-related factors, perceived side effects associated vaccine. Additionally, an individual's remain hesitant about vaccination has businesses economy by limiting movement trade, increasing unemployment, causing resurgence new variants. Based findings, action plans such as dissemination, convenience centers, consistent communications, targeted campaign strategies recommended improving uptake positive

Language: Английский

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Safety of COVID-19 Pfizer-BioNtech (BNT162b2) mRNA vaccination in adolescents aged 12–17 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(6)

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected adolescents. Safe and effective vaccines are pivotal tools in controlling this pandemic. We reviewed the safety profile of BNT162b2 vaccine adolescents using mostly real-world data to assist decision-making. used random-effects model meta-analysis derive pooled rates single or grouped adverse events following immunization (AEFI) after each primary booster dose, as well combining all doses. Reporting on over one million participants with were included. most-reported local systemic AEFIs pain/swelling/erythema/redness fatigue/headache/myalgia, respectively. AESIs rarely reported but more frequent second dose than they first Health impact was less common among receiving vaccine. Rare life-threatening across doses studies. Our findings highlight significance enhancing national regional vaccination programs ensure public confidence.

Language: Английский

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Vaccine hesitancy and related factors among South African adults in 2021: unpacking uncertainty versus unwillingness

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Nov. 3, 2023

Background Amidst widespread public health recommendations and availability of COVID-19 vaccinations, half South African adults are vaccinated against COVID-19. This study investigated the socio-behavioral determinants vaccine hesitancy in Africa, where was separated into unwilling ness uncertainty to take a vaccine. Methods Data collected from large-scale survey during June–October 2021 that included online telephonic surveys. Vaccination based on question “When available, would you COVID 19 vaccine?,” with responses categorized those who were willing, unwilling, uncertain about taking Multinomial regression examined association between variables hesitancy. Results Overall, 73.8% reported they definitely or probably vaccine, 16.4% 9.9% not ( n = 16,988). Younger age, White Colored population groups, no influenza vaccination history, previous refusal, knowing someone experienced serious side-effect, misperceptions benefits, cultural religious discouragement vaccination, lack governmental confidence, concerns side-effects, perceived safety information, trust pharmaceutical industry information care providers all associated higher odds being vaccination. Strengths for unwillingness varied by explanatory variables. Concern effectiveness due fast development but unwillingness. Concerns side-effects had stronger associations than unwillingness, while protective benefits vaccines, group, religious/cultural discouragement, providers’ uncertainty. Conclusion The should be addressed interventions improve uptake. Public communication can prioritized tailored different forms

Language: Английский

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Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Schoolgoing Adolescent Girls and Young Women in South Africa

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1581 - 1581

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

(1) Background: By October 2022, vaccination rates with at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine were low among adolescent girls aged 12-17 (38%) and young women 18-34 (45%) in South Africa. This study aimed to measure identify barriers facilitators motivation take up, access to, uptake vaccines schoolgoing two districts (2) Methods: Using the theory HIV prevention cascade, we conceptualised relationship between motivation, access, vaccines, associated barriers. Potential identified using bivariate multivariable Poisson regression. (3) Results: Among all 2375 participants, was high (69%), but (49%) lower. Fear injections barrier (aRR 0.85 95% CI 0.82-0.88), while being tested for 2.10 1.85-2.38) believing that safe 1.31 1.18-1.44) would prevent you from getting very sick 1.11 1.04-1.19) facilitators. (4) Conclusions: The controversy about value vaccinating adolescents delay rollout adults may have contributed fears safety efficacy as well lack get vaccinated.

Language: Английский

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Impact evaluation of a youth led intervention to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(8), P. 2089 - 2098

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

COVID-19 vaccination rates in South Africa remain low at 51% of the adult population being fully vaccinated, defined as having two shorts vaccine with or without a booster. To improve uptake, community-based intervention was tested high hesitancy community Africa. Trained youths used social media, face to interactions, door and neighbourhood outreach activities deliver intervention. assess if had an impact, data collected before after districts, Wentworth site Newlands East control site. Both districts are KwaZulu Natal Province, The following outcomes, changes on perceptions knowledge about COVID-19, intention get vaccinated for those who were not uptake assessed using difference-in-difference methods applied through Augmented Inverse-Probability Weighting contrasts Potential Outcome Means (POM). One thousand, one hundred fifty (1 150) participants agreed take part study baseline, 916 (80%) followed up 9-week period. Intention higher (difference-in-difference, DID 20%, 95% CI 6% – 35% higher), more people (DID 10%, 0% 20%) partially 16%, 26%) compared East, There noticeable increases percentage indicating trust Government's COVID 19 programme, from 24% baseline 48% group than group, 26% 29% follow-up. 10% (absolute) increase participants' saying they believed health care workers provided reliable information, 58% 68% follow-up but there little change 56% 57% respectively. youth-led implemented Wentworth, rate hesitancy, effective increasing uptake. Given coverage across African region, well new emerging variant concern (XBB 1.5), is urgent need scale such level address persistent misinformation promote equality.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Associated Oral Cholera Vaccine Hesitancy in a Cholera Endemic Country, the Democratic Republic of Congo

Published: March 6, 2024

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its enablers would shape community uptake of non-covid vaccines such as oral cholera (OCV) in the post-COVID-19 era. This study assessed impact drivers on OCV a endemic region Democratic Republic Congo. We conducted community-based survey Bukavu. The included characteristics, intention to take COVID-19, reasons for hesitancy, thinking feeling about vaccines. Poisson regression analyses were performed. Of 1708 respondents, 84.66% 77.57% hesitant alone both respectively. Hesitancy rose by 12% (crude Prevalence Ratio, [cPR]=1.12, 95%CI[1.03-1.21]). Independent predictors living semi-urban area (adjusted Ratio [aPR]=1.10, 95%CI[1.03-1.12]), religious refusal (aPR=1.06, 95%CI[1.02-1.12]), concerns safety (aPR=1.05, 95%CI[1.01-1.11]) adverse effects 95%CI[1.01-1.12]), well poor knowledge (aPR=1.07, 95%CI[1.01-1.14]). Conversely, belief effectiveness reduced (aPR=0.76, 95%CI[0.62-0.93]). exhibiting significant domino effect uptake. Addressing through health literacy interventions likely improve introduction novel non-COVID-19

Language: Английский

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COVID‐19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Associated Oral Cholera Vaccine Hesitancy in a Cholera Endemic Country, the Democratic Republic of Congo

Published: March 1, 2024

Vaccine hesitancy is one of the greatest health issues worldwide. The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was marked by substantial levels vaccine hesitancy, especially in low- and middle-income countries. COVID-19 its enablers would shape community uptake non-covid vaccines such as oral cholera (OCV) post-covid era. This study assessed impact drivers on OCV Democratic Republic Congo (DRC). We conducted a cross-sectional survey from 1st to 31st March 2022 Bukavu, South-Kivu, eastern DRC. included characteristics, intention take when available, reasons for thinking feeling about vaccines. Poisson regression analyses were performed. Of 1708 respondents, median age 38 years (interquartile range, 26-54), 54.34% males, 84.66% 77.57% hesitant alone or both COVID-19, respectively. Being increased 12% likelihood being (crude prevalence ratio, [cPR]=1.12, 95%CI[1.03-1.21]). Independent sociodemographic predictors living semi-urban areas (adjusted PR[aPR]=1.10, 95%CI[1.03-1.12]) religious acceptance (aPR=1.06, 95%CI[1.02-1.12]). Further, concern safety (aPR=1.05, 95%CI[1.01-1.11]), effects 95%CI[1.01-1.12]), poor knowledge (aPR=1.07, 95%CI[1.01-1.14]). significantly whereas that could be prevented vaccination reduced odds 24% (aPR=0.76, 95%CI[0.62-0.93]). In this endemic region, we found high rate with exhibiting significant domino effect OCV. Addressing misinformation through community-based literacy interventions likely improve introduction novel non-COVID-19

Language: Английский

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