Class switch towards spike protein-specific IgG4 antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination depends on prior infection history

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 13, 2023

Vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 reduce the risk of developing serious COVID-19 disease. Monitoring spike-specific IgG subclass levels after vaccinations may provide additional information on specific humoral immune response. Here, we examined presence and antibody subclasses in health-care coworkers vaccinated with vector- (Sputnik, AstraZeneca) or mRNA-based (Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna) vaccines unvaccinated patients. We found that vector-based elicited lower total than mRNA vaccines. The pattern individuals infected before resembled vector-vaccinated subjects However, mRNA-vaccinated without preinfection showed a markedly different pattern. In addition to IgG1 IgG3 presented all groups, switch towards distal (spike-specific IgG4 IgG2) appeared almost exclusively who received only were vaccinations. these subjects, magnitude response was comparable These data suggest priming system either by natural infection has an important impact characteristics developed immunity.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Comorbidities and Obesity on the Severity and Outcome of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients—A Retrospective Study in a Hungarian Hospital

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 1372 - 1372

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Patients with comorbidities and obesity are more likely to be hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have a higher incidence of severe pneumonia also show mortality rates. Between 15 March 2020 31 December 2021, retrospective, single-center, observational study was conducted among patients requiring hospitalization for COVID-19 infection. Our aim investigate the impact lifestyle risk factors on mortality, need intensive care unit (ICU) admission severity these patients. results demonstrated that increased all investigated endpoints. Age over 65 years male sex were identified as independent factors, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, endocrine metabolic chronic kidney significant factors. Obesity found most factor, associated considerable odds ICU in under-65 age group (aOR: 2.95; p < 0.001 aOR: 3.49, 0.001). In our study, morbidity identified. Detailed information such may support therapeutic decision making, proper targeting vaccination campaigns effective overall management epidemic, hence reducing burden healthcare system.

Language: Английский

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Burden of acute and long-term COVID-19: a nationwide study in Bahrain

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 18, 2025

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may lead to long-term sequelae. This study aimed understand the acute and post-acute burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection identify high-risk groups for post-COVID-19 conditions (PCC). A retrospective observational Bahraini population was conducted between 1 May 2021 30 April 2023, utilizing national administrative database. PCC cases were defined according WHO guidelines. All COVID-19 confirmed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of 13,067 cases, 12,022 them experienced COVID-19, 1,045 developed PCC. Individuals with tended be older women risk factors instances reinfection. The incidence rates per 100,000 individuals during Alpha pandemic surge (2020), Delta (2021), Omicron (2022) 2.2, 137.2, 222.5 0.27, 10.5, 19.3, respectively, cases. death Alpha, Delta, surges 3, 112, 76, 1, 10, 8, rate highest among those aged 65 surge. These findings suggest need a timely vaccination program prior new prevent complications related infection, particularly in adult non-older factors.

Language: Английский

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Application of the screening method for estimating COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness using routine surveillance data: Germany’s experience during the COVID-19 pandemic, July 2021 to March 2023

Eurosurveillance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(8)

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

The screening method represents a simple, quick, and practical tool for estimating vaccine effectiveness (VE) using routine disease surveillance coverage data, even if these data cannot be linked. In Germany, where notification laboratory testing linked due to strict protection requirements, the was used assess COVID-19 VE continuously between July 2021 March 2023. During this period, when Delta Omicron variants circulated, estimates were produced in real-time different age groups clinical outcomes. Here we describe country’s overall positive experience method, including its strengths limitations, provide guidance regarding few issues, such as case definition stringency, behaviour, stratification, that require careful consideration during analysis interpretation of results.

Language: Английский

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Vaccine effectiveness against referral to hospital after SARS-CoV-2 infection in St. Petersburg, Russia, during the Delta variant surge: a test-negative case-control study

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Sept. 20, 2022

Abstract Background The results of a randomised trial showed the safety and efficacy Gam-COVID-Vac against COVID-19. However, compared to other vaccines used across globe, real-world data on effectiveness Gam-COVID-Vac, especially disease caused by Delta variant concern, was limited. We aimed assess vaccination mainly conducted with in St. Petersburg, Russia. Methods designed case-control study vaccine (VE) referral hospital. Self-reported status collected for individuals confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were referred initial low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) triage two outpatient centres July 3–August 9, 2021, logistic regression models estimate adjusted (for age, sex, centre) VE complete (14 days or more after second dose) vaccination. estimated hospital admission, COVID-19-related lung injury assessed LDCT, decline oxygen saturation. Results In final analysis, 13,893 patients included, 1291 (9.3%) met our criteria status, 495 (3.6%) primary 81% (95% confidence interval: 68–88) pronounced women (84%, 95% CI: 66–92) men (76%, 51–88). Vaccine protective effect increased increasing categories, from 54% 48–60) any sign 76% 59–86) than 50% involvement. A sharp increase observed probability admission age non-vaccinated relation an almost flat relationship completely vaccinated group. Conclusions COVID-19 effective symptomatic This protection is probably mediated through associated

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the Efficacy of BBIBP-CorV Inactivated Vaccine Combined with BNT62b2 mRNA Booster Vaccine

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 556 - 556

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Objectives: In this prospective study, SARS-CoV−2 spike protein specific total immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were analyzed before and after BNT162 b2 mRNA booster vaccination in individuals previously administered with two doses of BBIBP-CorV vaccine comparison to immunized participants three vaccination. Methods: Sixty-one Caucasian volunteers (39 females, 22 males) vaccinated by included (mean age: 63.9 years). patients (41 20 as controls BNT162b2 59.9 Both groups received the third vaccine. Total anti-SARS-CoV−2 S1-RBD Ig measured an immunoassay (Roche Diagnostics) their calculated ratios after/before dose compared between groups. Results: At baseline, significantly lower antibody determined initial immunization inactivated BNT62b2 (p < 0.001). After boosters, similarly high detected both heterologous (27,195 [15,604–42,754] BAU/mL, p 0.001) homologous cohort (24,492 [13,779−42,671] baseline. Hence, ratio was higher vs Conclusion: To address concept that basic is not effective BNT162b, we effect BNT162b2. Our results suggest can successfully boost effects two-dose

Language: Английский

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Vaccine Effectiveness against GP-Attended Symptomatic COVID-19 and Hybrid Immunity among Adults in Hungary during the 2022–2023 Respiratory Season Dominated by Different SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 496 - 496

Published: May 4, 2024

Hungary provides the opportunity to evaluate effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in a setting where naturally acquired immunity and hybrid are likely play greater role due suboptimal coverage. Methods: A test-negative study was conducted during 2022–2023 respiratory season at primary care level determine least one booster dose preventing medically attended symptomatic RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection adults. Unvaccinated patients were used as reference group. Results: total 247 cases 1073 controls included analysis. CVE 56.8% (95% CI: 11.9–78.8%) population aged 60 years older 2.3% −50.0–36.3%) younger adults against caused by Omicron subvariants, mainly BA.5, BQ.1, XBB.1. Self-reported 60–365 days prior current illness did not confer protection reinfection without vaccination, but together with it reduced risk 63.0% −28.0–89.3%) 87.6% 26.4–97.9%) among 18–59 60+ age groups, respectively. Conclusions: moderately high groups. Because benefit immunity, persons previous should still be considered for campaigns.

Language: Английский

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Enhanced Vaccine Effectiveness during the Delta Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Medicare Population Supports a Multilayered Prevention Approach

Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 1700 - 1700

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Throughout the pandemic, individuals 65 years and older have contributed most COVID-19 related deaths. To best formulate effective vaccination other prevention policies to protect adults, large scale observational studies of these higher risk are needed. We conducted a Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) study during B.1.617.2 Delta variant phase pandemic in July August 2021 cohort 17 million Medicare beneficiaries which 5.7 were fully vaccinated. found that vaccinated with Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccines January had 2.5 times breakthrough infections hospitalizations than those March 2021, consistent waning vaccine-induced immunity. Measuring VE weekly, we against hospitalization, even more so infection, increased from through suggesting addition protective role vaccination, masking or social distancing might unexpected increase VE. Ongoing monitoring should be priority as new variants continue emerge, bivalent remains established. This could accomplished claims database analytics platform used for this study.

Language: Английский

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