Probiotics in Depression Management: Efficacy, Mechanisms and Future Directions

Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Depression affects approximately 280 million people worldwide, representing a significant public health burden. It is characterized by persistent sadness, anhedonia, fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, and in severe cases, suicidal ideation. The pathophysiology often attributed to neurotransmitter imbalances, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis inflammation. Recently, the gut-brain has garnered attention for its role mood regulation, suggesting that probiotic supplementation may influence depressive symptoms through gut microbiome modulation. Therefore, this review examines recent findings research gaps regarding efficacy of probiotics managing clinically diagnosed depression. Emerging demonstrates daily from 3×109 CFU 9×1011 four eight weeks combination with antidepressants effective improving symptoms. Effective formulations commonly included Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus. Nevertheless, remain, particularly concerning mechanistic pathways, comparative effectiveness, impact across different demographics probiotics. Furthermore, long-term effects use antidepressants, their reducing antidepressant side effects, combined psychotherapy are largely understudied. Addressing these standardized methodologies will enhance evaluations strains optimize microbiome-based treatment regimens, ultimately improve mental outcomes depression management. Graphical abstract. Summary future directions determine

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Human Gut Microbe Ruminococcus gnavus in Inflammatory Diseases

Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Dec. 29, 2023

Dysbiosis is a prominent factor in numerous inflammatory conditions, with Ruminococcus gnavus, prevalent gut microbe, implicated bowel disease (IBD), irritable syndrome (IBS), eczema, metabolic disorders, and rheumatic diseases. R. gnavus contributes to inflammation by producing an polysaccharide degrading mucin. The increasing evidence of elevated abundance various conditions suggests its potential as therapeutic target. Despite this, there are limited studies on treatment strategies targeting gnavus. This article provides comprehensive overview the association between diverse highlighting need for further research explore effective options against this bacterium.

Language: Английский

---

Effect of the Bacillus subtilis BS20 on physiological and immune parameters in mutant mice Muc2–/–

Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 101(2), P. 208 - 216

Published: May 10, 2024

Introduction. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common pathology that cannot be completely cured and requires lifelong therapy. One of the promising sparing therapeutic strategies use probiotics. Unlike Lactobacillus Bifidobacterium, which represent basis most classical probiotics, Bacillus spp. are spore-forming bacteria contributes to their resistance acidic environment stomach. It has been shown an effective drug for relief intestinal diseases with signs inflammation bacterial origin. Since main factors causing IBD dysbiosis inflammation, strains as probiotics can potential modulators immunity influence microbiome, it necessary search new probiotic bacteria, including representatives spp., have effect on physiological indicators in experimental models IBD. The aim scientific research — study subtilis BS20 spores immune parameters mutant mouse line Muc2–/–. Research objectives: Investigate survival Muc2–/– mice, weight, (cytokines cells) amino acid composition muscles. Materials methods. females were fed amount 109 CFU 2 months. Analysis femoral muscle was performed by capillary electrophoresis. concentration cytokines supernatant measured using Magnetic Luminex assay kit. Determination number lymphocytes flow cytometry. Results. addition diet mice reduced mortality body weight loss females. We found decrease interleukin-6 increase interleukin-17 descending colon B T helper spleen. Conclusion. B. improves general condition anti-inflammatory immunostimulating effect, reducing level cytokine increasing percentage cells

Language: Английский

---

Navigating the Role and Approach of Gut Microbiota in Addressing Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis

Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid beta plaques and tau protein neurofibrillary tangles, leading to cognitive decline. The lack of effective treatments compounds the significant human financial burdens AD poses. Despite extensive research, exact mechanisms remain elusive. Recent studies have shown promise in using anti-Aβ antibodies reduce accumulation slow dementia progression. However, diversifying therapeutic strategies crucial for making meaningful progress. In recent years, research has increasingly focused on microbiota-gut-brain axis AD. Mounting evidence suggests that changes gut microbiota composition are linked progression, implicating various pathways. Dysregulation taxa can trigger systemic inflammation increasing permeability, ultimately neural damage neurodegeneration. Poor dietary habits aging exacerbate dysbiosis, worsening pathology. investigations this area still their early stages, with many aspects awaiting exploration understanding. A thorough comprehension complex interactions within microbiota-AD relationship essential refining approaches. Interventions targeting microbiota, such as adjustments, probiotics, faecal transplantation, offer potential therapeutics. This review highlights detrimental role dysbiosis AD, offering insights into enhancing avenues disease. Graphical abstract: bidirectional interaction between brain through neuroendocrine, immune, metabolic Created BioRender.com

Language: Английский

---