Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Infection and Immunity
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(6), P. 670 - 670
Published: June 8, 2024
Reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
contain
at
least
one
atom
and
or
more
unpaired
electrons
include
singlet
oxygen,
superoxide
anion
radical,
hydroxyl
hydroperoxyl
free
nitrogen
radicals.
Intracellular
ROS
can
be
formed
as
a
consequence
of
several
factors,
including
ultra-violet
(UV)
radiation,
electron
leakage
during
aerobic
respiration,
inflammatory
responses
mediated
by
macrophages,
other
external
stimuli
stress.
The
enhanced
production
is
termed
oxidative
stress
this
leads
to
cellular
damage,
such
protein
carbonylation,
lipid
peroxidation,
deoxyribonucleic
acid
(DNA)
base
modifications.
This
damage
may
manifest
in
various
pathological
states,
ageing,
cancer,
neurological
diseases,
metabolic
disorders
like
diabetes.
On
the
hand,
optimum
levels
have
been
implicated
regulation
many
important
physiological
processes.
For
example,
generated
mitochondria
(mitochondrial
mt-ROS),
byproduct
transport
chain
(ETC),
participate
plethora
functions,
which
cell
growth,
proliferation,
immune
response
regulation.
In
current
review,
we
will
focus
on
mechanisms
mt-ROS
regulate
different
pathways
host
context
infection
bacteria,
protozoan
parasites,
viruses,
fungi.
We
also
discuss
how
these
pathogens,
turn,
modulate
evade
immunity.
conclude
briefly
giving
an
overview
potential
therapeutic
approaches
involving
infectious
diseases.
Language: Английский
Enhanced Nanogel Formulation Combining the Natural Photosensitizer Curcumin and Pectis brevipedunculata (Asteraceae) Essential Oil for Synergistic Daylight Photodynamic Therapy in Leishmaniasis Treatment
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(3), P. 286 - 286
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
Background/Objectives:
Neglected
tropical
diseases
(NTDs),
such
as
leishmaniasis,
remain
a
global
health
challenge
due
to
limited
therapeutic
options
and
rising
drug
resistance.
In
this
study,
we
developed
an
advanced
nanogel
formulation
incorporating
curcumin
(CUR)
Pectis
brevipedunculata
essential
oil
(EOPb)
within
F127/Carbopol
974P
matrix
enhance
bioavailability
efficacy
against
Leishmania
(Leishmania)
amazonensis
(LLa)
promastigotes.
Methods:
The
chemical
profile
of
EOPb
was
determined
through
GC-MS
NMR
analyses,
confirming
the
presence
key
bioactive
monoterpenes
neral,
geranial,
α-pinene,
limonene.
(nGPC)
optimized
ensure
thermosensitivity,
stability,
exhibiting
sol–gel
transition
at
physiological
temperatures.
Rheological
analysis
revealed
that
nGPC
exhibited
Newtonian
behavior
5
°C,
transitioning
shear-thinning
thixotropic
characteristics
25
32
respectively.
This
facilitates
its
application
controlled
release,
making
it
ideal
for
topical
formulations.
Dynamic
light
scattering
(DLS)
demonstrated
maintained
stable
nanoscale
structure
with
hydrodynamic
radius
below
300
nm,
while
Fourier-transform
infrared
spectroscopy
(FTIR)
confirmed
strong
molecular
interactions
between
EOPb,
CUR,
polymer
matrix.
Biological
assays
significantly
enhanced
anti-promastigote
activity
compared
free
CUR
OEPb.
Results:
At
highest
tested
concentration
(50
μg/mL
17.5
CUR)
induced
over
88%
mortality
in
LLa
promastigotes
across
24,
48,
72
h,
indicating
sustained
efficacy.
Even
lower
concentrations,
retained
dose-dependent
activity,
suggesting
synergistic
effect
EOPb.
These
findings
highlight
potential
innovative
nanocarrier
daylight
photodynamic
therapy
(dPDT)
treatment
leishmaniasis.
Future
studies
will
investigate
underlying
mechanisms
synergism
explore
(PDT)
further
outcomes.
Language: Английский
Recent updates in applications of nanomedicine for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis
Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15, P. 1105 - 1116
Published: Aug. 23, 2024
Over
recent
decades,
nanomedicine
has
played
an
important
role
in
the
enhancement
of
therapeutic
outcomes
compared
to
those
conventional
therapy.
At
same
time,
nanoparticle
drug
delivery
systems
offer
a
significant
reduction
side
effects
treatments
by
lowering
off-target
biodistribution
active
pharmaceutical
ingredients.
Cancer
represents
most
extensively
studied
nanotechnology
application
field
pharmaceutics
and
pharmacology
since
first
nanodrug
for
cancer
treatment,
liposomal
doxorubicin
(Doxil
®
),
been
approved
FDA.
The
advancement
its
enormous
technological
success
also
included
various
other
target
diseases,
including
hepatic
fibrosis.
This
confirms
versatility
improving
activity.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
updates
platforms
efficacy
regarding
liver
We
emphasize
challenges
drugs
penetrating
biological
barriers
liver.
After
that,
highlight
design
principles
nanocarriers
achieving
improved
antifibrosis
through
passive
targeting
strategies.
Language: Английский
Exploring the Influence of Acetylenic Acetogenin Unsaturation Patterns on Lipid Interface Interactions: Insights from Surface Chemistry, Rheology, and Spectroscopy
Results in Surfaces and Interfaces,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 100306 - 100306
Published: Sept. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Combination Therapy and Phytochemical-Loaded Nanosytems for the Treatment of Neglected Tropical Diseases
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(10), P. 1239 - 1239
Published: Sept. 24, 2024
Background:
Neglected
tropical
diseases
(NTDs),
including
leishmaniasis,
trypanosomiasis,
and
schistosomiasis,
impose
a
significant
public
health
burden,
especially
in
developing
countries.
Despite
control
efforts,
treatment
remains
challenging
due
to
drug
resistance
lack
of
effective
therapies.
Objective:
This
study
aimed
synthesize
the
current
research
on
combination
therapy
phytochemical-loaded
nanosystems,
which
have
emerged
as
promising
strategies
enhance
efficacy
safety.
Methods/Results:
In
present
review,
we
conducted
systematic
search
literature
identified
several
phytochemicals
that
been
employed
this
way,
with
notable
reducing
parasite
load
liver
spleen
cases
visceral
well
lesion
size
cutaneous
leishmaniasis.
Furthermore,
they
synergistic
effect
against
Trypanosoma
brucei
rhodesiense
rhodesain;
reduce
inflammation,
parasitic
myocardium,
cardiac
hypertrophy,
IL-15
production
Chagas
disease;
affect
both
mature
immature
stages
Schistosoma
mansoni,
resulting
improved
outcomes
compared
administration
alone
or
conventional
drugs.
Moreover,
majority
combinations
studied
demonstrated
enhanced
solubility,
efficacy,
selectivity,
increased
immune
response
reduced
cytotoxicity.
Conclusions:
These
formulations
appear
offer
therapeutic
benefits,
although
further
is
required
validate
their
clinical
humans
potential
improve
affected
populations.
Language: Английский
Epoxy-a-lapachone in nanosystem: a prototype drug for leishmaniasis assessed in the binomial BALB/c - Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
119
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
perspective
presents
and
supports
arguments
for
a
new
formulation
of
epoxy-α-lapachone
loaded
microemulsion
(ELAP-ME),
nanosystem,
as
prototype
drug
the
treatment
leishmaniasis.
The
benefits
ELAP
multitarget
compound,
with
properties
that
affect
key
physiological
pathways
Leishmania
spp.
are
discussed.
ELAP-ME
demonstrated
efficacy
in
murine
infection
models,
particularly
binomial
BALB/c-Leishmania
(Leishmania)
amazonensis.
Furthermore,
it
is
proposed
technological
maturity
be
classified
Technology
Readiness
Level
4
(TLR
4)
within
context
innovative
drugs
American
Cutaneous
Leishmaniasis
(ACL).
Language: Английский
When nanomedicines meet tropical diseases
Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15, P. 830 - 832
Published: July 8, 2024
Keywords:
Aedes
aegypti;
Chagas
disease;
leishmaniasis;
nanomedicine;
nanotechnology;
neglected
tropical
diseases;
schistosomiasis
Language: Английский