Effects of Sympathetic Denervation in Metabolism Regulation: A Novel Approach for the Treatment of MASLD?

Cardiology in Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Although metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously termed nonalcoholic fatty disease, has become the most common chronic disorder, its complex pathophysiology not been fully elucidated up to date. A correlation between elevated sympathetic activation and MASLD highlighted in recent preclinical clinical studies. Furthermore, increased activity associated with main mechanisms involved MASLD, such as lipid accumulation liver, insulin resistance, dysregulation, while it also correlated progression of leading fibrosis. Preclinical studies demonstrated that therapies which ameliorate nervous system, renal denervation, reduce hepatic decrease glucose production, reverse steatosis high-fat-diet models. However, data from trials regarding effect denervation on parameters are conflicting, since several reported a favorable effect, other stated no significant difference, profound limitation lack originally designed this setting. Thus, thorough review role system well results regulation treatment would be great importance.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of inflammatory microenvironment formation in cardiometabolic diseases: molecular and cellular perspectives

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are leading causes of death and disability worldwide, with complex pathophysiological mechanisms in which inflammation plays a crucial role. This review aims to elucidate the molecular cellular within inflammatory microenvironment atherosclerosis, hypertension diabetic cardiomyopathy. In oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) activate immune cells contributing foam cell formation arterial wall thickening. Hypertension involves activation renin-angiotensin system (RAS) alongside oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction local mediated by T cells. cardiomyopathy, high-glucose environment leads accumulation advanced glycation end products (AGEs), activating Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGE) triggering responses that further damage cardiac microvascular function. summary, different types metabolic cardiovascular diverse; understanding these deeply will aid developing more effective individualized treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology, Comorbidities, and Emerging Therapies

Comprehensive physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Humans are perhaps evolutionarily engineered to get deeply addicted sugar, as it not only provides energy but also helps in storing fats, which survival during starvation. Additionally, sugars (glucose and fructose) stimulate the feel‐good factor, they trigger secretion of serotonin dopamine brain, associated with reward sensation, uplifting mood general. However, when consumed excess, contributes imbalance, weight gain, obesity, leading onset a complex metabolic disorder, generally referred diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one most prevalent forms diabetes, nearly affecting all age groups. T2DM clinically diagnosed cardinal sign chronic hyperglycemia (excessive sugar blood). Chronic hyperglycemia, coupled dysfunctions pancreatic β‐cells, insulin resistance, immune inflammation, further exacerbate pathology T2DM. Uncontrolled T2DM, major public health concern, significantly toward progression several micro‐ macrovascular diseases, such diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular including cancer. The current review discusses epidemiology, causative factors, pathophysiology, comorbidities, existing emerging therapies related It future roadmap for alternative drug discovery management

Language: Английский

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The Kidney in Obesity: Current Evidence, Perspectives and Controversies

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 680 - 702

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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The relationship between VAI, LAP, and depression and the mediation role of sleep duration–evidence from NHANES 2005–2020

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 11, 2025

The relationship between obesity and mental health has attracted attention. However, large sample studies on the visceral fat depression are lacking. This study aimed to explore by using adiposity index (VAI) lipid accumulation product (LAP). Additionally, it sought potential mediating role of sleep duration in these associations. data used current cross-sectional investigation from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2005 2020, including 19,659 participants. Depression was measured nine-item Patient Questionnaire. Weighted multivariable regression analysis evaluate correlation VAI LAP with depression. non-linear determined smooth curve fitting threshold effect analysis. mediation performed investigate duration. stability assessed through sensitivity were closely related In fully adjusted model, highest quartile increased association 52% (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.20–1.92, P < 0.001) 51% 1.51, 1.19–1.91, 0.001), respectively, compared lowest quartile. Specific saturation effects for VAI, LAP, identified smoothed fitting, inflection points 3.81 98.55, respectively. revealed that 5.1% 2.8% associations mediated results showed interactions hypertension cardiovascular disease (P 0.05). associated US adults. non-linear, which may be highlights as valuable tools prevention management

Language: Английский

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Analysis of postprandial time trends and influencing factors of blood glucose and insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): a retrospective study based on propensity score matching (PSM)

Acta Diabetologica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Higher Circulating Neutrophil Counts Is Associated with Increased Risk of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1907 - 1907

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Accumulating evidence has suggested the pathogenic roles of chronic inflammation and neutrophils in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This study investigated relationship between neutrophils, all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD) mortality type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with DKD.

Language: Английский

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Sex differences in the association between metabolic disorder and inflammatory cytokines in Han Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Previous evidence suggests that immune-inflammatory dysfunction plays an important role in metabolic disorder (MD) of patients with schizophrenia, yet studies on sex differences the association between both are limited. The current study aimed to investigate MD and inflammatory cytokines Han Chinese chronic schizophrenia (CS). This multicentre cross-sectional was conducted one general hospital two psychiatric hospitals Anhui Province, China. General information, parameters cytokine indicators were collected from all participants, severity their symptoms assessed using Positive Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). A total 324 completed assessment included this study. had higher age duration illness, lower chlorpromazine equivalents negative symptom score than those without MD. Binary logistic regression showed significantly associated a IL-1β level male patients, while not significant females. Further multiple linear revealed negatively correlated polypharmacy only patients. Sex CS, is there correlation level. Sex-specific prevention intervention strategies may contribute reducing CS.

Language: Английский

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Design, synthesis, and antidiabetic evaluation of thiazolidinedione derivatives as potent PPAR-γ Agonists: Insights from molecular docking, MD simulations and invitro studies

Journal of Molecular Structure, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 141324 - 141324

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Pharmacology of Vitamin C

Pharmacological Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100043 - 100043

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Ascorbic acid, the reduced form of vitamin C, is a ubiquitous small carbohydrate. Despite decades focused research, new metabolic functions this universal electron donor are still being discovered and add to complexity our view C in human health. Although praised as an unsurpassed water-soluble antioxidant plasma cells, most interesting seem be its roles specific numerous biological reactions ranging from well-known hydroxylation proline cofactor for epigenetic master regulators ten-eleven translocation enzymes Jumonji domain-containing histone-lysine demethylases. Some these may have important implications disease prevention treatment spiked renewed interest in, eg, C's potential cancer therapy. Moreover, some fundamental pharmacokinetic properties remain established including if other mechanisms than passive diffusion governs efflux ascorbate anions cell. Taken together, there seems much learn about pharmacology role health disease. This review explores avenues integrates present knowledge pharmacology. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Vitamin involved multiple which essential Hundreds millions people considered deficient according accepted guidelines, but little known long-term consequences. physiology has been widely disregarded clinical studies decades, it clear that deeper understanding particularly holds key unravel possibly exploit

Language: Английский

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