New directions of technologies pointing the way to a sustainable global society

Sustainable Futures, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5, P. 100114 - 100114

Published: April 12, 2023

One of the fundamental problems in modern economies is fossil-fuel pollution having detrimental effects on climate, environment and human population. The goal this study to identify analyze new trajectories technologies that can support energy economic transition countries for a sustainable development reduces environmental some factors determining climate change. Results reveal with promising perspectives growth inducing ecological are: offshore wind turbines carbon capture storage utilization (especially, electrochemical conversion bioconversion CO2), production ammonia innovations reduce consumption, finally cellular agriculture (cell-culturing produce substitutes animal-based foods bio-based materials lower negative impacts than conventional agriculture). These findings here suggest critical technological directions sustainability guide decisions policymakers towards R&D investments driving from fossil-based systems renewable oriented order foster outlooks development.

Language: Английский

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High potential of technology to face new respiratory viruses: mechanical ventilation devices for effective healthcare to next pandemic emergencies

Technology in Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 102233 - 102233

Published: March 21, 2023

Some countries in the presence of unforeseen Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have experienced lower total deaths, though higher numbers COVID-19 related infections. Results here suggest that one explanations is critical role ventilator technology clinical health environment to cope with initial stage pandemic crisis. Statistical evidence shows a large number ventilators or breathing devices (26.76 units per 100,000 inhabitants) associated fatality rate 1.44% (December 2020), whereas given 2.46% nations (10.38 average people). These findings medical setting has high potential for more efficient healthcare and improves effective preparedness crisis management new diseases society. Hence, forward-thinking technology-oriented strategy sector, based on investments high-tech other technologies, can help clinicians deliver care reduce negative effects present future infectious diseases, particular when drugs appropriate treatments are missing face unknown viral agents .

Language: Английский

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Negative effects of high public debt on health systems facing pandemic crisis: Lessons from COVID-19 in Europe to prepare for future emergencies

AIMS Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 477 - 498

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

<p>The investigation goal here was to analyze how the level of public debt affects preparedness health systems face emergencies. In particular, this study examined negative effects high on European countries in presence COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Empirical evidence revealed that with a lower government as percentage GDP both 2009 and 2019 (the period before arrival pandemic) had fatality rates compared higher levels debt. The explanation is trigger budget constraints limit their ability allocate resources healthcare (e.g., expenditures investments), weakening system performance causing systemic vulnerability during emergencies, such pandemic. Implications policies are suggested improve strategies crisis management.</p>

Language: Английский

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Pandemics: past, present, and future: multitasking challenges in need of cross-disciplinary, transdisciplinary, and multidisciplinary collaborative solutions

Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 267 - 285

Published: July 23, 2024

The extensive history of pandemics has spanned many centuries, profoundly impacting societies, economies, and public health, thereby shaping the course in various ways. Advances medicine, science, health practices have played a pivotal role mitigating effects over time. This review explores scientific landscape contemporary pandemics, examining their diverse complex nature. It goes beyond biological aspects to consider socioeconomic, environmental, technological factors. Through lens, this study aims understand complexities contribute expanding knowledge base that helps humanity strengthen its defenses against global threats. By elucidating enigmas hopes foster more resilient prepared environment. Highlighting importance multidisciplinary, cross-disciplinary, transdisciplinary approach, exploration emphasizes critical need integrate biological, domains develop robust these challenges.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Adverse Events in the United States: A Temporal and Spatial Analysis (Preprint)

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10, P. e51007 - e51007

Published: May 23, 2024

Background The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has had a profound impact worldwide, leading to widespread morbidity and mortality. Vaccination against is critical tool in controlling the spread of virus reducing severity disease. However, rapid development deployment vaccines have raised concerns about potential adverse events following immunization (AEFIs). Understanding temporal spatial patterns these AEFIs crucial for an effective public health response vaccine safety monitoring. Objective This study aimed analyze characteristics associated with United States reported Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), thereby providing insights into distributions AEFIs, profile vaccines, risk factors AEFIs. Methods We conducted retrospective analysis administration data from Centers Disease Control Prevention (n=663,822,575) reports surveillance system VAERS (n=900,522) between 2020 2022. To gain broader understanding postvaccination reported, we categorized them organ classes (SOCs) according Medical Dictionary Regulatory Activities. Additionally, performed examine trends all reports, those related Pfizer-BioNTech Moderna, top 10 AEFI serious reports. also compared similarity symptoms across various regions within States. Results Our findings revealed that most frequently vaccination were headache (n=141,186, 15.68%), pyrexia (n=122,120, 13.56%), fatigue (n=121,910, 13.54%). common symptom combination was chills (n=56,954, 6.32%). Initially, general disorders site conditions (SOC 22) prevalent class reported. Moderna exhibited higher reporting rate Pfizer-BioNTech. Over time, observed decreasing vaccines. In addition, overall rates comparable. terms analysis, middle north displayed while southeast south-central showed notable Conclusions provides valuable underscore need increasing coverage, as well ongoing monitoring Implementing targeted programs can facilitate efficient management enhancing confidence future campaigns.

Language: Английский

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Effective health systems facing pandemic crisis: lessons from COVID-19 in Europe for next emergencies

International Journal of Health Governance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 89 - 111

Published: June 4, 2024

Purpose The investigation goal is the analysis of relation between healthcare expenditures and other resources, COVID-19 fatality rates among European countries to design effective health policies for crisis management. Design/methodology/approach Research methodology based on descriptive statistics various parametric methods, also including a linear model regression analyze basic relationships variables under study. Findings Results show that lower rate associated with higher levels expenditure (% GDP), per capita, in preventive care hospitals million inhabitants, physicians, nurses, hospital beds curative acute 1,000 inhabitants. Regression shows 1% increase capita countries, it reduces level by 0.74%. In fact, many Eastern Europe low 2019 (e.g., Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, Poland, Latvia, Slovakia, Lithuania, etc.), they have experienced high rates. Instead, lot Western Europe, such as Germany, Denmark, Austria, Netherlands, had resilient systems face pandemic Practical implications These findings suggest strategies systematic continuous investments healthcare, medical technologies, ICT infrastructures support policy management future emergencies society. Originality/value explanation critical role GDP) robust bolster resilience nations worldwide crises.

Language: Английский

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Findings from the first wave of Covid-19 on the different impacts of lockdown on public health and economic growth

International Journal of Economic Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 21 - 39

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

This paper examines the impact of different durations national lockdown measures during first wave COVID-19 pandemic on public health and economic conditions nations. Results indicate that a) countries with shorter periods, approximately 15 days, experience a higher variation confirmed cases/population (%) compared to longer lockdowns, lasting for over one month; b) periods lower average fatality rates while in indicates achieved more substantial reduction rates. Nevertheless, findings study implemented as government response pandemic, appear produce somewhat uncertain outcomes terms health, they exhibit adverse effect country’s growth, resulting contraction gross domestic product growth. Extracting key lessons from this can prove invaluable crafting effective responses future waves epidemics resemble characteristics COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Accuracy of Self-Reported COVID-19 Vaccination Status Compared With a Public Health Vaccination Registry in Québec: Observational Diagnostic Study

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9, P. e44465 - e44465

Published: June 16, 2023

Background The accuracy of self-reported vaccination status is important to guide real-world vaccine effectiveness studies and policy making in jurisdictions where access electronic registries restricted. Objective This study aimed determine the reliability number doses, brand, time administration. Methods diagnostic was completed by Canadian COVID-19 Emergency Department Rapid Response Network. We enrolled consecutive patients presenting 4 emergency departments (EDs) Québec between March 24, 2020, December 25, 2021. included adult who were able consent, could speak English or French, had a proven infection. compared with their Vaccination Registry. Our primary outcome (index test) ascertained during telephone follow-up Registry (reference standard). calculated dividing all correctly vaccinated unvaccinated participants sum incorrectly participants. also reported interrater agreement reference standard as measured unweighted Cohen κ for at index ED visit, brand. Results During period, we 1361 At interview, 932 least 1 dose vaccine. 96% (95% CI 95%-97%). phone 0.91 0.89-0.93) 0.85 0.77-0.92) visit. 0.89 0.87-0.91) 0.80 0.75-0.84) brand first dose, 0.76 0.70-0.83) second 0.59 0.34-0.83) third dose. Conclusions high without cognitive disorders can express themselves French. Researchers use data on doses received, name, timing future research are capable self-reporting data. However, official still needed certain susceptible populations remain missing impossible obtain. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04702945; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04702945

Language: Английский

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Transmission of COVID-19 in Cities with Weather Conditions of High Air Humidity: Lessons Learned from Turkish Black Sea Region to Face Next Pandemic Crisis

COVID, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(11), P. 1648 - 1662

Published: Oct. 29, 2023

The goal of this study is to analyze associations between COVID-19 transmission and meteorological indicators in cities the Black Sea region Turkey, located specifically dampest area, with excess rainfall recurring fog. In particular, working hypothesis that widespread new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (leading airborne disease COVID-19) can be explained by specific weather conditions, namely high levels air humidity. Statistical evidence here does not seem, general, support accelerated studied humidity because different meteorological, environmental, demographic, socioeconomic factors also plays a critical role dynamics investigated region. main implications our findings are demographic structure population, climate indicators, organization health system, environmental (e.g., pollution, etc.) should considered through systemic approach when designing effective national regional pandemic plans directed implement policies for facing variants and/or diseases, order reduce their negative effects on health, social economic systems.

Language: Английский

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Study of optimal vaccination strategies for early COVID-19 pandemic using an age-structured mathematical model: A case study of the USA

Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 10828 - 10865

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

<abstract><p>In this paper we study different vaccination strategies that could have been implemented for the early COVID-19 pandemic. We use a demographic epidemiological mathematical model based on differential equations in order to investigate efficacy of variety under limited vaccine supply. number deaths as metric measure each these strategies. Finding optimal strategy programs is complex problem due large variables affect outcomes. The constructed takes into account risk factors such age, comorbidity status and social contacts population. perform simulations assess performance more than three million which vary depending priority group. This focuses scenario corresponding period USA, but can be extended other countries. results show importance designing an save human lives. extremely amount factors, high dimensionality nonlinearities. found low/moderate transmission rates prioritizes groups, rates, groups with CFRs. provide valuable information design programs. Moreover, help scientific guidelines future pandemics.</p></abstract>

Language: Английский

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