Fundamental Body Composition Principles Provide Context for Fat-free and Skeletal Muscle Loss with GLP-1 RA Treatments DOI Creative Commons
Grant M. Tinsley, Steven B. Heymsfield

Journal of the Endocrine Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(11)

Published: Sept. 24, 2024

Abstract During weight loss, reductions in body mass are commonly described using molecular components (eg, fat and fat-free [FFM]) or tissues organs adipose tissue skeletal muscle). While often conflated, distinctions between established by different levels of the 5-level model composition—which partitions according to atomic, molecular, cellular, tissue/organ, whole-body level—are essential recall when interpreting composition loss. A contemporary area clinical research interest that demonstrates importance these concepts is discussion surrounding changes with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), particularly regard FFM muscle mass. The present article emphasizes fundamental principles experienced during a particular focus on GLP-1RA drug trials. potential for obligatory loss due distribution from distinct also discussed. Finally, selected countermeasures combat muscle, namely resistance exercise training increased protein intake, presented. Collectively, considerations may allow enhanced clarity conceptualizing, discussing, seeking influence

Language: Английский

Sarcopenia DOI
Alfonso J. Cruz‐Jentoft, Avan Aihie Sayer

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 393(10191), P. 2636 - 2646

Published: June 1, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

2629
Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Weight Loss and Other Metabolic Parameters in Women and Men With Overweight and Obesity DOI
Dylan A Lowe, Nancy Wu,

Linnea Rohdin-Bibby

et al.

JAMA Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 180(11), P. 1491 - 1491

Published: Sept. 28, 2020

The efficacy and safety of time-restricted eating have not been explored in large randomized clinical trials.

Language: Английский

Citations

400
High rates of central obesity and sarcopenia in CKD irrespective of renal replacement therapy – an observational cross-sectional study DOI Creative Commons
Jutta Dierkes, Helene Dahl, Natasha Lervaag Welland

et al.

BMC Nephrology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Oct. 11, 2018

Poor nutritional status of patients with renal disease has been associated worsening function and poor health outcomes. Simply measuring weight height for calculation the body mass index does however not capture true picture in these patients. Therefore, we measured by BMI, composition, waist circumference, dietary intake screening three groups Patients chronic kidney on replacement therapy (CKD stages 3–5, n = 112), after transplantation (n 72) treated hemodialysis 24) were recruited a tertiary hospital Bergen, Norway cross-sectional observational study. Dietary was assessed single 24 h recall. All underwent screening, anthropometric measurements, composition measurement andfunctional measurements (hand grip strength). The prevalence overweight obesity, central sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity risk calculated. Central sarcopenia present 49% 35% patients, respectively. normal or according to their BMI. Factors diagnosis diabetes increased fat mass, while factors age, female gender, number medications. An increase BMI lower sarcopenia. at all stages. More attention unfavorable states is warranted

Language: Английский

Citations

239
Clinical application of intermittent fasting for weight loss: progress and future directions DOI
Krista A Varady, Sofia Cienfuegos, Mark Ezpeleta

et al.

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(5), P. 309 - 321

Published: Feb. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

218
Sarcopenic obesity: Time to meet the challenge DOI
Rocco Barazzoni, Stephan C. Bischoff, Yves Boirie‌

et al.

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 37(6), P. 1787 - 1793

Published: May 7, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

217
Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Weight and Body Composition in Healthy Non-Athlete Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis DOI Open Access
Hamish A. Fernando,

Jessica Zibellini,

Rebecca A. Harris

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 478 - 478

Published: Feb. 24, 2019

Background: Ramadan involves one month of fasting from sunrise to sunset. In this meta-analysis, we aimed determine the effect on weight and body composition. Methods: May 2018, searched six databases for publications that measured composition before after Ramadan, did not attempt influence physical activity or diet. Results: Data were collected 70 (90 comparison groups, 2947 participants). There was a significant positive correlation between starting mass index lost during period. Consistently, there reduction in fat percentage pre-Ramadan post-Ramadan people with overweight obesity (−1.46 (95% confidence interval: −2.57 −0.35) %, p = 0.010), but those normal (−0.41 (−1.45 0.63) 0.436). Loss fat-free also post-Ramadan, about 30% less than loss absolute mass. At 2–5 weeks end return towards, to, measurements Conclusions: Even no advice lifestyle changes, are consistent—albeit transient—reductions fast, especially obesity.

Language: Английский

Citations

216
Beneficial Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Metabolic Diseases: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis DOI Open Access
Shinje Moon, Jiseung Kang, Sang Hyun Kim

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 1267 - 1267

Published: April 29, 2020

Various behavioral and physiological pathways follow a pre-determined, 24 hour cycle known as the circadian rhythm. Metabolic homeostasis is regulated by Time-restricted eating (TRE) type of intermittent fasting based on In this study, we aim to analyze systemically effects TRE body weight, composition, other metabolic parameters. We reviewed articles from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library identify clinical trials that compared regular diet. included 19 studies for meta-analysis. Participants following showed significantly reduced weight (mean difference (MD), −0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.71 −0.10) fat mass (MD: −1.58, CI: −2.64 −0.51), while preserving fat-free (MD, −0.24; −1.15 0.67). also beneficial cardiometabolic parameters such blood pressure (systolic BP, MD, −3.07; −5.76 −0.37), glucose concentration −2.96; CI, −5.60 −0.33), cholesterol profiles (triglycerides, MD: −11.60, −23.30 −0.27). conclusion, promising therapeutic strategy controlling improving dysfunctions in those who are overweight or obese. Further large-scale needed confirm these findings usefulness TRE.

Language: Английский

Citations

188
Sarcopenic Obesity: Time to Meet the Challenge DOI Creative Commons
Rocco Barazzoni, Stephan C. Bischoff, Yves Boirie‌

et al.

Obesity Facts, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 294 - 305

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

The prevalence of overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportions worldwide due to increasingly pervasive obesogenic lifestyle changes. Obesity poses unprecedented individual, social, multidisciplinary medical challenges by increasing the risk for metabolic diseases, chronic organ failures, cancer as well complication rates in presence acute disease conditions. Whereas reducing excess adiposity remains fundamental pathogenic treatment obese individuals, complex abnormalities weight reduction therapies per se may also compromise ability preserve muscle function mass, especially when co-exists with obesity. Emerging evidence indicates that low mass quality have a strong negative prognostic impact individuals lead frailty, disability, increased morbidity mortality. Awareness importance skeletal maintenance is however among clinicians scientists. term ‘sarcopenic obesity' been proposed identify but its utilization largely limited aging patient population, consensus on definition diagnostic criteria insufficient. Knowledge sarcopenic various clinical conditions subgroups, impacts stratification, effective prevention strategies remain therefore dramatically inadequate. In particular, optimal dietary options nutritional support undefined. European Society Clinical Nutrition Metabolism (ESPEN) Association Study (EASO) recognize indicate altered body composition (sarcopenic obesity) scientific priority researchers clinicians. ESPEN EASO call coordinated action aimed at reaching definition, criteria, particular regard therapy. We are convinced achievement these goals potential reduce burden mortality rapidly population.

Language: Английский

Citations

187
Effect of Weight Loss on Upper Airway Anatomy and the Apnea–Hypopnea Index. The Importance of Tongue Fat DOI
Stephen Wang, Brendan T Keenan,

Andrew Wiemken

et al.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 201(6), P. 718 - 727

Published: Jan. 10, 2020

Rationale: Obesity is the primary risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Tongue fat increased in obese persons with OSA, and may explain relationship between obesity OSA. Weight loss improves but mechanism unknown.Objectives: To determine effect of weight on upper airway anatomy subjects We hypothesized that would decrease soft tissue volumes tongue fat, these changes correlate reductions apnea–hypopnea index (AHI).Methods: A total 67 individuals OSA (AHI ≥ 10 events/h) underwent a study abdominal magnetic resonance imaging before after intervention (intensive lifestyle modification or bariatric surgery). Airway sizes tissue, were quantified. Associations structures, relationships to AHI changes, examined.Measurements Main Results: was significantly associated pterygoid lateral wall volumes. Reductions strongly correlated (Pearson’s rho = 0.62, P < 0.0001); results remained controlling 0.36, 0.014). Reduction volume mediator improvement.Conclusions: reduced several tissues Improved mediated by fat. New treatments reduce should be considered patients

Language: Английский

Citations

156
The magnitude and progress of lean body mass, fat‐free mass, and skeletal muscle mass loss following bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis DOI
Malou A. H. Nuijten, Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels, Valerie M. Monpellier

et al.

Obesity Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Oct. 19, 2021

Summary Postbariatric loss of muscle tissue could negatively affect long‐term health due to its role in various bodily processes, such as metabolism and functional capacity. This meta‐analysis aimed unravel time‐dependent changes the magnitude progress lean body mass (LBM), fat‐free (FFM), skeletal (SMM) following bariatric surgery. A systematic literature search was conducted Pubmed, Embase, Web Science. Fifty‐nine studies assessed LBM ( n = 37), FFM 20), or SMM 3) preoperatively ≥1 time points postsurgery. Random‐effects meta‐analyses were performed determine pooled per outcome parameter follow‐up point. At 12‐month postsurgery, −8.13 kg [95%CI −9.01; −7.26]. −8.23 −10.74; −5.73] −3.18 −5.64; −0.71], respectively. About 55% occurred within 3‐month followed by a more gradual decrease up 12 months. Similar patterns seen for SMM. In conclusion, >8 observed 1‐year LBM, FFM, predominantly lost highlighting that interventions mitigate losses should be implemented perioperatively.

Language: Английский

Citations

110