Omega-3 world map: 2024 update

Progress in Lipid Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 95, P. 101286 - 101286

Published: June 13, 2024

In 2016, the first worldwide n3 PUFA status map was published using Omega-3 Index (O3I) as standard biomarker. The O3I is defined percentage of EPA + DHA in red blood cell (RBC) membrane FAs. purpose present study to update 2016 with new data. order be included, studies had report and/or levels metrics convertible into an estimated O3I, samples drawn after 1999. To convert non-RBC-based RBC we used newly developed equations. Baseline data from clinical trials and observational were acceptable. A literature search identified 328 meeting inclusion criteria encompassing 342,864 subjects 48 countries/regions. Weighted mean country categorized very low ≤4%, >4-6%, moderate >6-8%, desirable >8%. We found that most countries low. Notable differences between current 1) USA, Canada, Italy, Turkey, UK, Ireland Greece (moving category); 2) France, Spain New Zealand (low moderate); 3) Finland Iceland (moderate desirable). Countries such Iran, Egypt, India exhibited particularly poor levels.

Language: Английский

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Omega-3 fatty acids: a comprehensive scientific review of their sources, functions and health benefits

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: July 29, 2024

Abstract Background In recent years, public awareness of healthy diets has significantly increased, leading to a rise in the consumption nutritional supplements. Among these, omega-3 fatty acids have become particularly popular. n − 3 polyunsaturated (PUFAs) are widely distributed marine and terrestrial environments. The primary sources acid supplements oily fish, such as anchovies, sardines mackerel. Recently, they drawn considerable attention for their potential therapeutic benefits treating range illnesses, including cancer, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, immunological reproductive respectively. Main text This study explores many activities PUFAs, highlighting importance cellular processes that include signaling pathways, cell membrane integrity structural maintenance. These regulate important physiological functions system, blood pressure control, hematopoiesis, glucose metabolism inflammatory responses. latter highlights wide PUFAs is especially notable considering implications controlling disorders. Furthermore, chemistry dietary clarified this review, which also sheds light on complex molecular pathways support efficacy these fats bioavailability. most information FDA's approval oils use formulation development compounds' adaptability influence novel medications. Conclusion A thorough analysis reveals both remarkable against variety diseases essential place normal diet. adds increasing amount data supports preventative approaches meant improve human health well-being by clarifying mechanisms action emphasizing applicability development.

Language: Английский

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ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status Testing in Humans: A Narrative Review of Commercially Available Options

Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 154(5), P. 1487 - 1504

Published: March 22, 2024

There is an increasing body of evidence supporting a link between low intakes omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) and numerous diseases health conditions. However, few people are achieving the levels fish/seafood or eicosapentaenoic acid docosahexaenoic intake recommended in national international guidelines. Knowledge person's LCPUFA status will benefit interpretation research results could be expected to lead increased effort increase intake. Dietary survey methods often used as surrogate for measuring PUFA tissue its impact on functional outcomes. since individuals vary widely their ability digest absorb PUFA, analytical testing biological samples desirable accurately evaluate status. Adipose reference biospecimen acids, but less invasive methods, such measurements whole blood components (e.g., plasma, serum, red cell membranes) breast milk used. Numerous commercial laboratories provide by different present variety reports full profile, omega-6 profiles, ratios, well Omega-3 Index, Holman Test, OmegaScore™, OmegaCheck®, among others. This narrative review provides information about ways measure (including both dietary assessments selected commercially available tests samples) discusses linking improved health, focusing cardiovascular, neurological, pregnancy, eye support recommendations testing.

Language: Английский

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Precision nutrition based on food bioactive components assisted by delivery nanocarriers for ocular health

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104923 - 104923

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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A narrative literature review about alpha‐lipoic acid role in dry eye and ocular surface disease

Acta Ophthalmologica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Abstract Ocular surface diseases (OSD) include various conditions that affect the eye's surface, causing discomfort and pain. One such condition, dry eye disease (DED), is a multifactorial disorder significantly impacts patients' quality of life, with prevalence rates ranging from 5% to 50% higher incidence in women. DED involves tear film instability, inflammation neurosensory abnormalities, making its management challenging due diverse underlying mechanisms. Conventional treatments typically focus on symptom relief, but new approaches targeting disease's pathogenesis are emerging. Alpha‐lipoic acid (ALA) gaining attention for potential treating OSD DED. ALA acts as potent antioxidant, neutralizing reactive oxygen species. It protects cell membranes by interacting vitamin C glutathione, potentially recycling E. Its antioxidative properties particularly relevant meibomian gland dysfunction, condition implicated By scavenging free radicals modulating redox status glands, can reduce oxidative damage, preserve glandular function decrease inflammation. In diabetic patients DED, administration has been found improve parameters, corneal defects, enhance antioxidant prevent retinopathy keratopathy. therapeutic effects especially polyneuropathy other neuropathies, primarily anti‐inflammatory metal‐chelating properties. summary, holds promise agent could be promising treatment option keratopathy, although further research needed confirm efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Pediatric blepharokeratoconjunctivitis: review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and current treatments

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 22, 2025

Purpose of review This aims to provide a comprehensive overview the epidemiology and clinical features pediatric blepharokeratoconjunctivitis (BKC), with focus on elucidating underlying pathophysiology evaluating new therapeutic strategies. Recent findings Ongoing research continues refine management BKC. evidence suggests that disease remission can be achieved in approximately 95% cases through an integrated approach involving topical or systemic antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, lid hygiene. Notably, significant advancement treatment Demodex blepharitis is FDA approval 0.25% lotilaner ophthalmic solution, which has demonstrated safety efficacy twice-daily application over six weeks. Summary Pediatric chronic inflammatory condition affecting eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea. It underdiagnosed associated vision-threatening complications. While there no established consensus most effective strategy, currently includes hygiene, topical/systemic lubricants, dietary supplements. Challenges arise from its chronicity, recurrence, lack standardized protocols. underscores importance early diagnosis, education, continued methods prevent severe outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Omega 3 Fatty Acid as a Health Supplement: An Overview of its Manufacture and Regulatory Aspects

Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 70 - 90

Published: April 25, 2024

Dietary supplements are used for potential health benefits and mainly intended to provide those nutrients that may be insufficiently consumed through regular dietary intake. They mostly made from natural sources readily available in the form of capsules, tablets, or liquid form. Nowadays, omega-3 fatty acids (n−3 FAs) high demand have gained noteworthy popularity as human body cannot produce them, need administrated externally. polyunsaturated (PUFA) characterized by at least one cis double bond third fourth omega-end carbons, with primary examples being ɑ- linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosahexaenoic (DHA) classified functional foods. The these include aquatic organisms like freshwater marine fish, microalgae, seaweeds; nuts seeds plant oils, fortified n-3 FAs, biologically active molecules, highly susceptible oxidation due bonds their long chains, leading degradation over time, during storage. Various encapsulation systems, such gels, emulsions, powders, been developed effectively encapsulate PUFAs enhance chemical stability, dispersibility, bioavailability. These quality control measures essential guarantee effectiveness safety products containing FAs. This paper explores various summarizes multiple manufacturing techniques production products. Additionally, article tried correlate aspects regulations an attempt prevent exposure consumers harmful ingredients contained within Lastly, recommendations harmonizing regulation proposed.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analyses

Food Chemistry X, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24, P. 101880 - 101880

Published: Oct. 5, 2024

Background and Aims: Fish oil krill are primary sources of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), differing in their molecular forms bioavailability. Understanding these differences can optimize therapeutic use. This study aims to compare the bioavailability PUFAs fish using a network meta-analysis approach. By evaluating various dosages, seeks identify most effective dosing regimens maximize health benefits. Methods: The adhered explanation PRISMA 2015 (registered PROSPERO ID: CRD42024532536). risk bias was evaluated PEDro scale. incorporated data from studies published between 2003 2023, sourced five databases: ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform-World Health Organization, Embase. Statistical analysis conducted advanced models R software ensure rigorous evaluation Results: Out 26 high-quality studies, findings reveal superior compared oil. Specifically, above 3000 mg, re-esterified triacylglycerol or ethyl ester formulations (100-2900 mg), (100-1900 mg) significantly enhanced index. At lower dosages (under 2000 shows absorption Using at doses 2900 mg may be for reducing Tmax. However, this finding should interpreted with caution due high heterogeneity limited statistical significance. highest AUC values were observed phospholipid/free acid formulation. Emulsion more increasing Cmax than other formulations. These results supported by robust evidence (Egger's test, p > 0.05), highlighting effectiveness specific optimizing absorption. Conclusion: research highlights importance understanding suggest that low-dose emulsions potentially safer alternatives high-dose oil, minimizing adverse effects.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of Omega-3 Intake in Managing Dry Eye Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(22), P. 7026 - 7026

Published: Nov. 10, 2023

To explore the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) on patients suffering from dry eye disease (DED), a complex inflammatory condition, we reviewed data PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, Web Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL in past 10 years (2013 to 2023). These sources provided randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that examined FAs DED with accessible pre- post-intervention data, excluding overlapping participants, without supplementation, or those lacking placebo control quantitative assessments. Two independent reviewers extracted related symptom scores, tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer’s tests, osmolarity, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), results were analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 4. We incorporated 19 RCTs assessed Risk Bias tool, encompassing 4246 various etiologies. Patients given treatment demonstrated more significant improvements symptoms (Hedges’ g = −1.047; p < 0.001), TBUT [standardized mean difference (SMD) −0.939; 0.001], scores Schirmer test (SMD −0.372; CFS −0.299; 0.037), osmolarity −0.721; 0.001) compared regimen. In meta-regression analysis symptoms, daily dose (coefficient −0.0005, 0.002), duration intake −0.1399, 0.021), percentage eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) −0.0154, exhibited positive correlation reduction scores. Apart CFS, similar trends noted TBUT, Based evidence, effectively reduce especially high doses, for long duration, increased EPA levels. However, heterogeneity study diverse patient characteristics, caution is needed generalizing these findings. conclusion, FA supplementation still recommended management settings.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Bioavailability in Fish Oil and Krill Oil: Network Meta-Analyses

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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