Transformative Approaches in SARS-CoV-2 Management: Vaccines, Therapeutics and Future Direction

Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 604, P. 110394 - 110394

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Positive selection within the genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and other Coronaviruses independent of impact on protein function

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8, P. e10234 - e10234

Published: Oct. 16, 2020

Background The emergence of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) associated with severe acute respiratory disease (COVID-19) has prompted efforts to understand the genetic basis for its unique characteristics and jump from non-primate hosts humans. Tests positive selection can identify apparently nonrandom patterns mutation accumulation within genomes, highlighting regions where molecular function may have changed during origin species. Several recent studies SARS-CoV-2 genome identified signals conservation gene encoding Spike protein based on ratio synonymous nonsynonymous substitution. Such tests cannot, however, detect changes in RNA molecules. Methods Here we apply test branch-specific oversubstitution mutations narrow windows without reference code. Results We recapitulate finding that been target both purifying selection. In addition, find other likely targets SARS-CoV-2, specifically genes Nsp4 Nsp16. Homology-directed modeling indicates no change either or Nsp16 structure relative most common ancestor. These SARS-CoV-2-specific affect processes mediated by negative molecules, including transcription, translation, stability, evasion host innate immune system. Our results highlight importance considering viral genomes not only perspective their impact structure, but also how they critical life cycle.

Language: Английский

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The intersection of climate change with the era of COVID‐19

Public Health Nursing, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 38(2), P. 321 - 335

Published: Jan. 31, 2021

The purpose of this integrative review is to examine recent literature on the intersection SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 novel coronavirus) and climate change that will lead a greater understanding complexities urgent pandemic linked with emerging crisis. A search for peer-reviewed, English language, published since emerged was conducted using Cumulated Index Nursing Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, Cochrane Library. final sample yielded total 22 commentaries, editorials, discussion papers, research study explicitly addressed COVID-19 change. Sixty articles in initial yield deemed valid inclusion after full text review. With emergence scholarly discourse addresses change, key issues intersect policy /advocacy, social justice, nursing's public health role clinical practice, education, policy/advocacy, research/scholarship. Five themes included efforts; global approach addressing human-environment issues; from community perspective; impacts COVID-19, environment professional associations specialty organizations' views responsibilities lens Despite importance racial inequities as well systemic structural racism those most affected by pandemics such no topic. Public nursing has critical response COVID 19 21st century.

Language: Английский

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SARS‐CoV‐2, Covid‐19, and the debunking of conspiracy theories

Reviews in Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(6)

Published: Feb. 14, 2021

Summary The emergence of a novel human coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has engaged considerable awareness and attention around the world. associated disease, disease 2019 (Covid‐19), now involved virtually all 200 countries. total number confirmed cases been much more than in two previous outbreaks coronaviruses, that is, SARS‐CoV Middle East coronavirus. In line with outbreak escalation, false information about SARS‐CoV‐2 its disseminated globally, particularly through online social media. Believers conspiracy theories promote misinformation virus is not contagious, result laboratory manipulation or created to gain profit by distributing new vaccines. most dangerous effect this widely it will negatively influence attitudes behaviours for preventive measures contain outbreak. review, I discuss common Covid‐19 consider how we can address counterbalance these issues based on scientific studies.

Language: Английский

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The Rise of SARS-CoV-2 Variants and the Role of Convalescent Plasma Therapy for Management of Infections

Life, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 734 - 734

Published: July 23, 2021

Novel therapies for the treatment of COVID-19 are continuing to emerge as SARS-Cov-2 pandemic progresses. PCR remains standard benchmark initial diagnosis infection, while advances in immunological profiling guiding clinical treatment. The virus has undergone multiple mutations since its emergence 2019, resulting changes virulence that have impacted on disease severity globally. more virulent variants challenging effective control during this pandemic. Major identified date include B.1.1.7, B.1.351; P.1; B.1.617.2; B.1.427; P.2; P.3; B.1.525; and C.37. Globally, large unvaccinated populations increase risk arising. With successive waves emerging, strategies mitigate against community transmission need be implemented, including increased vaccination coverage. For treatment, convalescent plasma therapy, successfully deployed recent Ebola outbreaks H1N1 influenza, can survival rates improve host responses viral challenge. Convalescent is rich with cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, IL-8), CCL2, TNFα, neutralizing antibodies, clotting factors essential management SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clinical trials inform guide policy, leading mainstream adoption therapy. This review examines limited number published, therapy explores progress COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Mental Well-Being in UK Higher Education During Covid-19: Do Students Trust Universities and the Government?

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 26, 2021

This paper draws upon the concept of recreancy to examine mental well-being university students during Covid-19 pandemic. Briefly, is loss societal trust that results when institutional actors can no longer be counted on perform their responsibilities. Our study and focuses role universities government regulators within education sector. We surveyed 600 UK attending 161 different public higher providers in October 2020 a time many were isolated residences engaged online learning. assessed student using Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (scored 7–35) found mean score 19.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 19.6, 20.2]. level indicates significant proportion face low levels well-being. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis high recreancy—measured as government—is associated with across sample. While these findings are suggestive, they also important we suggest leaders should not only work increase food housing security pandemic, but consider how combat various sector trends might intensify recreancy.

Language: Английский

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Habitability, Resilience, and Satisfaction in Mexican Homes to COVID-19 Pandemic

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(13), P. 6993 - 6993

Published: June 30, 2021

Following the 2020 confinement due to COVID-19 pandemic, housing has become only safe place and this exposed inequity in habitability. This research on reality of confined households perception their homes Mexican republic is based a mixed participatory study, combining quantitative qualitative approaches. The online questionnaire consisted 58 questions approximation. part required provision an image workspace, with testimonies personal reflections. During lockdown, all participants saw increase overall energy consumption; more than half reported not being thermal comfort; third declared deficiencies noise insulation. Regarding telework/tele-study space, we found following categories: bedrooms, living/dining rooms, studies others. In addition, respondents had often adapted workspace for both individual shared use. general, were satisfied size houses but would like landscaped spaces or better views outside. Confinement made protective element against pandemic. consequences will have effect globally, so new architectural design paradigms need be rethought.

Language: Английский

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The Envelope (E) Protein of SARS-CoV-2 as a Pharmacological Target

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 1000 - 1000

Published: April 19, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is still a global health concern. Several spike (S) protein-based vaccines have been developed that efficiently protect human population against severe forms of COVID-19. However, some variants concern (VOCs) emerged evade protective effect vaccine-induced antibodies. Therefore, efficient and specific antiviral treatments to control are indispensable. To date, two drugs approved for mild treatment; nevertheless, more drugs, preferably broad-spectrum ready-to-use therapeutic agents new pandemics, needed. Here, I discuss PDZ-dependent protein-protein interactions viral E protein with host proteins as attractive alternatives development antivirals coronavirus.

Language: Английский

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One health: a structured review and commentary on trends and themes

One Health Outlook, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Abstract Background One Health (OH) is defined as a unifying approach aiming to sustainably balance and optimise the health of people, animals ecosystem. It recognises that humans, (both domestic wild), plants wider ecosystem are both interdependent linked. As concept, it aims address complex problems requiring input from multiple disciplines. Suitable issues for OH approaches typically include global which can widely impact not only humans animals, but also have significant environmental impact. Examples emerging zoonotic diseases antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Interpretations use term differ in literature potential dilute its The meaning among research community has evolved over time. Here, we collate relevant last two decades, identifying major themes trends considering how been embraced differently across various geographical regions. Methods results Bibliographic databases were searched using “One Health” AND (“Veterinary” OR “Animal”) (“Medicine” “Human”) (“Environment” “Ecosystem”) during period between 1980 2022. Data analysis narrative synthesis identified themes, similarities, differences within literature. Web Science PubMed returned 948 1250 mentioned above. predominant focused on human health, with veterinary second, although often benefit health. was found utilised public approach, generally towards end disease surveillance control. Interestingly, while authors low- middle-income countries well-represented studies OH, they less corresponding authors. Conclusions focus implying human-orientated, despite suggestion all domains share common ‘health’. Potential improvement could be achieved through greater incorporation social sciences more encompassing approach.

Language: Английский

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Addressing biodiversity conservation, disease surveillance, and public health interventions through One Health approach in Hainan’s tropical rainforest

One Health Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: March 28, 2024

Abstract This review investigates the utilization of One Health approach to advance sustainable development and enhance health in Hainan tropical rainforest, which is a unique ecosystem with significant biodiversity environmental value. The region confronted threats arising from human activities climate change, impacting both inhabitants ecosystem. rainforests create an ideal habitat for transmission mosquito-borne diseases, such as dengue fever malaria, between humans animals. hot humid creates favorable conditions mosquito proliferation, while increased encroachment into forested areas escalates risk contact wildlife reservoirs these diseases. Proactive surveillance emerging infectious diseases forests animal populations crucial early detection swift response potential public hazards. By embracing interdisciplinary collaborative principles approach, this aims safeguard fostering development. introduction offers insights significance concept, its relevance conservation, health, health. Subsequently, paper delves practical application using it case study. entails raising awareness through educational initiatives outreach, implementing effective ecological conservation measures, promoting efforts, monitoring preventing disease outbreaks. Furthermore, highlights importance achieving rainforest. It also explores research directions associated challenges. prioritizing collective well-being humans, animals, environment, means balance welfare.

Language: Английский

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