Health and financial costs of adverse childhood experiences in 28 European countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Lancet Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. e848 - e857

Published: Oct. 28, 2021

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with increased health risks across the life course. We aimed to estimate annual and financial burden of ACEs for 28 European countries.

Language: Английский

---

Multi-omics in stress and health research: study designs that will drive the field forward

Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Despite decades of stress research, there still exist substantial gaps in our understanding how social, environmental, and biological factors interact combine with developmental stressor exposures, cognitive appraisals stressors, psychosocial coping processes to shape individuals' reactivity, health, disease risk. Relatively new profiling approaches, called multi-omics, are helping address these issues by enabling researchers quantify thousands molecules from a single blood or tissue sample, thus providing panoramic snapshot the molecular occurring an organism systems perspective. In this review, we summarize two types research designs for which multi-omics approaches best suited, describe can help advance development, prevention, treatment stress-related pathologies. We first discuss incorporating into theory-rich, intensive longitudinal study characterize, high-resolution, transition multisystem dysfunction throughout development. Next, should be incorporated intervention better understand back inform novel precision medicine managing fostering biopsychosocial resilience. Throughout, provide concrete recommendations studies that will translate data health care.

Language: Английский

---

Poor Individual Risk Classification From Adverse Childhood Experiences Screening

American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 62(3), P. 427 - 432

Published: Oct. 12, 2021

Adverse childhood experiences confer an increased risk for physical and mental health problems across the population, prompting calls routine clinical screening based on reported adverse experience exposure. However, recent longitudinal research has questioned whether can accurately identify ill at individual level.Revisiting data collected Childhood Experience Study between 1995 1997, this study derived approximate area under curve estimates to test ability of retrospectively score discriminate adults with without a range common factors disease conditions. Furthermore, classification accuracy recommended definition high-risk exposure (≥4 versus 0-3 experiences) was evaluated basis sensitivity, specificity, positive negative predictive values, likelihood ratios.Across all outcomes, levels discrimination continuous ranged from very poor fair (area curve=0.50-0.76). The binary ≥4 yielded high specificity (true-negative detection) values (absence among low-risk groups). sensitivity (true-positive (presence groups) were low, whereas ratios suggested only minimal-to-moderate increases in risks individuals reporting that those 0-3.These findings suggest does not problems. This lead both allocation unnecessary interventions lack provision necessary support.

Language: Английский

---

Translating the Biology of Adversity and Resilience Into New Measures for Pediatric Practice

PEDIATRICS, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 149(6)

Published: May 10, 2022

As the science of adversity and resilience advances, public awareness health consequences stress grows, primary care providers are being increasingly asked to address effects adverse experiences on child wellbeing. Given limited tools for assessing these early in life, authors explore how enhanced capacity measure activation directly young children could transform role scope pediatric practice. When employed within a trusted relationship between caregivers clinicians, selective use biological measures responses would help documented limitations rating scales childhood as indicator individual risk strengthen ability focus variation intervention needs, assess their effectiveness, guide ongoing management. The provide an overview potential benefits risks such expanded measurement capacity, well introduction candidate indicators that might be office setting. ultimate value both pediatricians parents will require vigilant attention ethical responsibilities assuring correct interpretation minimizing harm inappropriate labeling, especially families experiencing hardships threats racism, poverty, other structural inequities. Whereas much work remains done advance development ensure its equitable use, validated markers impact lives facing significant demands increased attention.

Language: Английский

---

Speech as a promising biosignal in precision psychiatry

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 148, P. 105121 - 105121

Published: March 11, 2023

Health research and health care alike are presently based on infrequent assessments that provide an incomplete picture of clinical functioning. Consequently, opportunities to identify prevent events before they occur missed. New technologies addressing these critical issues by enabling the continual monitoring health-related processes using speech. These a great match for healthcare environment because make high-frequency non-invasive highly scalable. Indeed, existing tools can now extract wide variety health-relevant biosignals from smartphones analyzing person's voice linked biological pathways have shown promise in detecting several disorders, including depression schizophrenia. However, more is needed speech signals matter most, validate against ground-truth outcomes, translate data into biomarkers just-in-time adaptive interventions. We discuss herein describing how assessing everyday psychological stress through help both researchers providers monitor impact has mental physical such as self-harm, suicide, substance abuse, depression, disease recurrence. If done appropriately securely, novel digital biosignal could play key role predicting high-priority outcomes delivering tailored interventions people when need it most.

Language: Английский

---

Mental Well-Being Among Adversity-Exposed Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. e242076 - e242076

Published: March 13, 2024

Importance Further research is needed to understand factors associated with well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic among adolescents who have experienced adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Objective To explore improved mental health ACEs. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used data from baseline (2016-2018) sixth (March 2021) COVID Rapid Response Research (RRR) surveys of Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, which includes 21 sites across US. Adolescents aged 11 15 years completed RRR measures were included. Data analyses conducted June August 2023. Exposures School-based (eg, in-person school) 8 coping behaviors exercise). Main Outcomes Measures The primary outcomes adolescent-reported positive affect (PA) perceived stress (PS). stratified by no ACEs, low-to-intermediate ACEs (1-3), high (≥4). Linear regressions estimated associations between health, adjusting for potential confounders. Unstandardized beta coefficients (B) compared equality tests. Results 4515 in this (mean [SD] age, 13.3 [0.88] years; 51% [95% CI, 50% 53%] female) racially ethnically diverse (American Indian/Alaska Native, 2% 3%]; Asian, 8% 7% 9%]; Black, 11% 10% 12%]; Latino or Hispanic, 17% 15% 18%]; White, 61% 60% 63%]; other, 1% 0% 2%]). For youths caring one’s body (PA B = 4.02 1.39 6.66]; PS −0.92 −1.84 0.00]), exercising 3.19 0.46 5.92]; −1.41 −2.40 −0.43]), engaging healthy 4.07 1.28 6.84]; −1.01 −1.98 −0.05]) higher PA lower scores. In-person schooling had a greater impact on scores (B 5.55 2.08 9.01]) than 1.27 0.27 2.27]). Conclusions Relevance These findings suggest that several (caring body, exercising, behaviors) significantly demonstrated especially when they reported schooling. Future studies should build these identify clinical school-based protective ACE risk.

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Stress in Breast Cancer Incidence: Risk Factors, Interventions, and Directions for the Future

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 1871 - 1871

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

Stress is a common belief among breast cancer patients and the public to explain variation in incidence. Epidemiological studies interrogating relationship between stress have reported mixed results. The impact of topic lack consensus has sparked this review literature investigate gaps knowledge identify areas research. We first present brief summary biopsychosocial model generally used conduct research on stress. then divide overview into focus. These include role distressing life events incidence, adverse childhood later importance race socioeconomic status (SES) as social determinants specific chronic relation cancer. For each topic, we discuss potential risk factor possible intervention strategies that could reduce effects further questions be probed fill knowledge. conclude with discussion future directions for it relates

Language: Английский

---

Adverse childhood experiences and associations with mental health, substance use, and violence perpetration among young adults in sub-Saharan Africa

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 106524 - 106524

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Adverse childhood experiences research: The path forward

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 154, P. 106899 - 106899

Published: June 13, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Evidence for Revising the Adverse Childhood Experiences Screening Tool: a Scoping Review

Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 89 - 103

Published: May 6, 2021

Language: Английский

---