Obesity and its cardiovascular effects

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 35(4)

Published: Feb. 4, 2019

Summary Obesity is described in terms of body fat percentage or mass index (BMI), despite the fact that these measures do not give full insight about distribution. It presently a consistently growing universal challenge since it has tripled last 10 years, killing approximately 28 million people each year. In this review, we aim to clarify different results obesity on working and physiology cardiovascular system reveal changes “paradox”—a variety outcomes typical/overweight people. Central build‐up ordinary/overweight populaces been related expanded occurrences myocardial infarction, heart failure, all‐cause mortality when contrasted with obese populace. These discoveries are additionally clarified as abundance prolonged vulnerability free fatty acids (FFAs) obesity. This believed cause substrate move from glucose FFAs digestion, which causes lipid gathering cardiomyocytes, spilling over other lean tissues, prompting general atherogenic impact. cardiomyocyte aggregation demonstrated insulin resistance hypertrophy, lessen functions general. There proof backing tissue only an energy reservoir, also coordinates hormones proinflammatory cytokines deals transition by putting away abundant lipids diverse tissues.

Language: Английский

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Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Resistant Hypertension: Implications for the Kidney

Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 211 - 217

Published: April 21, 2015

Language: Английский

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Adiponectin and pro‐inflammatory cytokines are modulated in Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Journal of Diabetes Investigation, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 295 - 305

Published: Sept. 29, 2016

Adipose tissue-derived hormones are associated with metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study investigated the levels of adiponectin and pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) IL-10 in Vietnamese patients mellitus, their correlations clinical parameters overweight

Language: Английский

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Targeting toll‐like receptor 4 signalling pathways: can therapeutics pay the toll for hypertension?

British Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 176(12), P. 1864 - 1879

Published: July 7, 2018

The immune system plays a prominent role in the initiation and maintenance of hypertension. innate system, via toll-like receptors (TLRs), identifies distinct signatures invading microbes damage-associated molecular patterns triggers chain downstream signalling cascades, leading to secretion pro-inflammatory cytokines shaping adaptive response. Over past decade, dysfunctional TLR-mediated response, particularly TLR4, has been suggested support chronic inflammatory state hypertension, inducing deleterious local systemic effects host cells tissues contributing disease progression. While underlying mechanisms triggering TLR4 need further research, evidence suggests that sustained elevations BP disrupt homeostasis, releasing endogenous ligands In this review, we discuss emerging pathogenesis hypertension whether targeting receptor its pathways could offer therapeutic strategy for management multifaceted disease. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part themed section on Immune Targets Hypertension. To view other articles visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.12/issuetoc.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Momordica charantia in Resisting Obesity

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 16(18), P. 3251 - 3251

Published: Sept. 4, 2019

Momordica charantia (M. charantia), commonly known as bitter gourd, melon, kugua, balsam pear, or karela, is a tropical and sub-tropical vine belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. It has been used treat variety of diseases in traditional medicine China, India, Sri Lanka. Here, we review anti-obesity effects various bioactive components M. established at cellular organismal level. We aim provide links between their mechanism. An advanced search was conducted on worldwide accepted scientific databases via electronic (Google Scholar, Web Science, ScienceDirect, ACS Publications, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, SciFinder, CNKI) database with query TS = “Momordica charantia” “obesity”. Information also obtained from International Plant Names Index, Chinese Pharmacopoeia, herbal classic books, online databases, PhD MSc dissertations, etc. First, studies showing cells animals were classified. The major that showed activities included proteins, triterpenoids, saponins, phenolics, conjugated linolenic acids. Their mechanisms inhibition fat synthesis, promotion glucose utilization, stimulation auxiliary lipid-lowering activity. Finally, summarized risks excessive consumption application. Although further research necessary explore issues, this establishes therapeutic potential it highly promising candidate for development health products medicines.

Language: Английский

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Obesity in Hypertensive Patients Is Characterized by a Dawn Phenomenon in Systolic Blood Pressure Values and Variability

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 371 - 371

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

One of the causes hypertension is excess weight gain, which can also affect course this disease. Both diagnosis and management commonly use ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; results correlate more strongly with cardiovascular diseases death than office monitoring. We evaluated values their variability from hour to see if when they differed between hypertensive patients without obesity. The study included 1345 who underwent 24 h monitoring then were divided into groups according body mass index waist circumference. obtained data analyzed subjects’ wake-up time, short-term parameters calculated as mean absolute differences consecutive measurements. systolic in obese subjects was significantly higher 1 5 before waking normal-weighted individuals. In turn, diastolic increasing index. difference most prominent last sleep patients.

Language: Английский

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The association between body mass index and abdominal obesity with hypertension among South Asian population: findings from nationally representative surveys

Clinical Hypertension, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

This study aimed to determine the association between body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity with hypertension among South Asian adults (18-69 years).

Language: Английский

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Organic cation transporter 3 contributes to norepinephrine uptake into perivascular adipose tissue

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 309(11), P. H1904 - H1914

Published: Oct. 3, 2015

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) reduces vasoconstriction to norepinephrine (NE). A mechanism by which PVAT could function reduce vascular contraction is decreasing the amount of NE vessel exposed. PVATs from male Sprague-Dawley rats were used test hypothesis that has a uptake mechanism. was detected HPLC in mesenteric and isolated adipocytes. Uptake (10 μM) reduced transporter (NET) inhibitor nisoxetine (1 μM, 73.68 ± 7.62%, all values reported as percentages vehicle), 5-hydroxytryptamine (SERT) citalopram (100 nM) with organic cation 3 (OCT3) corticosterone 56.18 5.21%), NET desipramine 61.18 6.82%). Aortic 53.01 10.96%). Confocal imaging stained 4-[4-(dimethylamino)-styrl]-N-methylpyridinium iodide (ASP(+)), fluorescent substrate cationic transporters, ASP(+) into (2 nM, 66.68 6.43%), 43.49 10.17%), 84.12 4.24%), nM 100 respectively, 35.75 4.21%), 50.47 5.78%). protein not Expression Slc22a3 (OCT3 gene) mRNA adipocytes RT-PCR immunocytochemistry, respectively. These end points support presence transporter-mediated system within potential mediator being OCT3.

Language: Английский

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The impact of grape seed extract treatment on blood pressure changes

Medicine, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 95(33), P. e4247 - e4247

Published: Aug. 1, 2016

Backgrounds and Objective: Several clinical trials have shown that grape seed extract can reduce blood pressure, but the results are often irreproducible. We therefore sought to systematically evaluate impact of treatment on changes systolic/diastolic pressure (SBP/DBP) by meta-analyzing available randomized controlled trials. Methods: Trial selection data extraction were completed independently 2 investigators. Effect-size estimates expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Twelve articles involving 16 810 study subjects analyzed. Overall analyses found significant reductions for SBP (WMD = −6.077; CI: −10.736 −1.419; P 0.011) DBP −2.803; −4.417 −1.189; 0.001) after treatment. In subgroup analyses, there in younger (mean age < 50 years) −6.049; −10.223 −1.875; 0.005) −3.116; −4.773 −1.459; 0.001), obese body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) −4.469; −6.628 −2.310; patients with metabolic syndrome −8.487; −11.869 −5.106; 0.001). Further meta-regression showed age, index, baseline negatively associated There was no indication publication bias. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate exerted a beneficial this more obvious or subjects, well disorders. view small sample size involved, we agree confirmation our large-scale, long-term, multiple-dose trial, especially among hypertensive is warranted.

Language: Английский

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Anti-hypertensive and renoprotective effects of berberine in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 37(4), P. 332 - 339

Published: April 13, 2015

We aimed to investigate the effects of berberine on renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well its blood pressure renal damage in spontaneously hypertensive rats.Berberine was administrated rats (SHR rats) between 3 20 weeks age. Blood monitored 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-, 16- 20-week-old SHR age-matched Wistar Kyoto (WKY rats). Besides, we measured levels angiotensin II, aldosterone pre-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, IL-23) serum kidney, collagen III IV kidney urinary markers injury (osteopontin, kidney-injury-molecule (KIM-1) albumin) WKY rats. Glomerulosclerosis also assessed with hematoxylin eosin staining.SHR developed hypertension at age 6 had increased aldosterone, IL-6, IL-23, III, IV, osteopontin, KIM-1 albumin, more severe glomerulosclerosis, compared aged-matched Berberine delayed onset attenuated severity hypertension, partially inhibited increases above substances could delay attenuate ameliorate hypertension-induced Furthermore, inhibit activities RAS IL-17 which are involved pathophysiology hypertension.

Language: Английский

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