Indoor Particulate Matter in Urban Households: Sources, Pathways, Characteristics, Health Effects, and Exposure Mitigation

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(21), P. 11055 - 11055

Published: Oct. 21, 2021

Particulate matter (PM) is a complex mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets suspended in the air with varying size, shape, chemical composition which intensifies significant concern due to severe health effects. Based on well-established human effects outdoor PM, health-based standards for have been promoted (e.g., National Ambient Air Quality Standards formulated by U.S.). Due exchange indoor air, particulate related sources components PM. However, PM environment has potential exceed levels. Indoor includes origin that drift indoors originate from activities, include cooking, fireplaces, smoking, fuel combustion heating, burning incense. can be enriched inorganic organic contaminants, including toxic heavy metals carcinogenic volatile compounds. As hazard, exposure received increased attention recent years because people spend most their time indoors. In addition, as quantity, quality, scope research expanded, it necessary conduct systematic review This discusses sources, pathways, characteristics, effects, mitigation Practical solutions steps reduce are also discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Effects of NO and SO2 on the secondary organic aerosol formation from the photooxidation of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene: A new source of organosulfates

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 264, P. 114742 - 114742

Published: May 5, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Quantifying traffic, biomass burning and secondary source contributions to atmospheric particle number concentrations at urban and suburban sites

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 768, P. 145282 - 145282

Published: Feb. 2, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Effect of relative humidity on SOA formation from aromatic hydrocarbons: Implications from the evolution of gas- and particle-phase species

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 773, P. 145015 - 145015

Published: Feb. 4, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Anthropogenic–Biogenic Interactions at Night: Enhanced Formation of Secondary Aerosols and Particulate Nitrogen- and Sulfur-Containing Organics from β-Pinene Oxidation

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55(12), P. 7794 - 7807

Published: May 28, 2021

Mixing of anthropogenic gaseous pollutants and biogenic volatile organic compounds impacts the formation secondary aerosols, but still in an unclear manner. The present study explores aerosol via interactions between β-pinene, O3, NO2, SO2, NH3 under dark conditions. Results showed that yield can be largely enhanced by more than 330% NO2 or SO2 slightly 39% when ratio inorganic gases to β-pinene ranged from 0 1.3. Joint effects existed as yields increased with decreased was kept constant. Infrared spectra nitrogen-containing components derived sulfur-containing species SO2. Several particulate nitrates (MW 215, 229, 231, 245), organosulfates 250, 264, 280, 282, 284), nitrooxy 295, 311, 325, 327, 343) were identified using high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry experiments, their mechanism is discussed. Most these nitrogen- have been reported ambient particles. Our results suggest complex among during night might serve a potential pathway for organics, especially polluted regions both influences.

Language: Английский

---

Synergetic effects of NH<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> on the production and optical absorption of secondary organic aerosol formation from toluene photooxidation

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(23), P. 17759 - 17773

Published: Dec. 6, 2021

Abstract. NH3 is the most important alkaline gas in atmosphere and one of key species affecting behaviors atmospheric aerosols. However, impact on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation remains poorly understood, especially dynamic evolution chemical compositions SOA process. In this study, a series chamber experiments were performed to probe individual common effects NOx toluene through OH photooxidation. The characterized using Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (AMS). yield increased from 28.1 % absence 34.7 presence but decreased 19.5 NOx. highest 42.7 lowest carbon oxidation state (OSC) occurred both NOx, indicating that higher-volatility products formed could partition into particle phase when was added. This resulted synergetic effect co-existed. heterogeneous reaction main pathway by which participated photooxidation also observed optical absorption. A peak at 280 nm, characteristic organonitrogen imidazole compounds, NH3, its intensity added chamber. work improves our understanding how synergistic interactions between influence offers new insights mitigating haze pollution.

Language: Английский

---

Secondary organic aerosol formation from mixed volatile organic compounds: Effect of RO2 chemistry and precursor concentration

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Nov. 19, 2022

Abstract Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) plays a significant role in contributing to atmospheric fine particles, as well global air quality and climate. However, the current understanding of formation SOA its simulation is still highly uncertain due complexity precursor VOCs. In our study, different mixed VOC scenarios was investigated using 30 m 3 indoor smog chamber. By comparing individual scenarios, it found that yield from anthropogenic VOCs (AVOCs) can be positively (+83.9%) affected by coexisting AVOCs, while inhibited (−51.4%) presence isoprene, via OH scavenging effect. The cross-reactions peroxyl radical (RO 2 ) generated AVOCs were proved main contributor (up 39.0%) formation, highlighting importance RO + RʹO reactions scenarios. Meanwhile, gas-phase intermediates volatility categories also concentration, higher at lower concentrations larger contribution with volatility. Our study provides new insights into considering interactions between intermediate products

Language: Английский

---

Smog Chamber Study on the Role of NO_xin SOA and O₃Formation from Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(19), P. 13654 - 13663

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

China is facing dual pressures to reduce both PM2.5 and O3 pollution, the crucial precursors of which are NOx VOCs. In our study, role in secondary organic aerosol (SOA, important constituent PM2.5) formation was examined 30 m3 indoor smog chamber. As revealed present level can obviously affect OH concentration volatility distribution gas-phase oxidation products thus SOA formation. Reducing NOx-sensitive regime inhibit (by 42%), resulting reduction capacity, suppresses 45%) by inhibiting O- N-containing with low volatility. The contribution these also estimated, results could substantially support trend yield at different VOC levels. atmospheric implications coordinated control discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Measurement report: Effects of photochemical aging on the formation and evolution of summertime secondary aerosol in Beijing

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 1341 - 1356

Published: Feb. 1, 2021

Abstract. Atmospheric submicrometer aerosols have a great effect on air quality and human health, while their formation evolution processes are still not fully understood. Herein, the crucial role of atmospheric oxidation capacity, as characterized by OH exposure dose in secondary aerosols, was systematically investigated based highly time-resolved chemical characterization PM1 southern suburb Beijing summertime from 25 July to 21 August 2019. The averaged concentration 19.3 ± 11.3 µg m−3, nearly half (48.3 %) mass organic (OAs) during observation period. equivalent photochemical age (ta) estimated ratios toluene benzene applied characterize mass, which an period with similar sources minimal influence fresh emission adopted. relationships non-refractory species, OA factors (i.e., one hydrocarbon-like three oxygenated aerosol factors) elemental compositions (e.g., H∕C, O∕C, N∕C, S∕C, OM∕OC, OSc) ta were analyzed detail. It found that higher accompanied longer ta, average increase rate 0.8 µgm-3h-1. Meanwhile, sulfate more oxidized most sensitive contributions enhanced 22 % 28 29 48 %, respectively, increased. In addition, OSc O∕C OM∕OC increased ta. These results indicated aging is key factor leading summertime.

Language: Английский

---

Application of smog chambers in atmospheric process studies

National Science Review, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(2)

Published: June 13, 2021

Smog chamber experimental systems, which have been widely used in laboratory simulation for studying atmospheric processes, are comprehensively reviewed this paper. The components, development history, main research topics and achievements of smog chambers introduced. Typical the world, including their volumes, wall materials, light sources features, summarized compared. Key factors influences on environment discussed, loss, emission background pollutants. features next-generation application prospect future studies also outlined

Language: Английский

---