Lightning response to temperature and aerosols

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(8), P. 083003 - 083003

Published: July 16, 2024

Abstract Lightning has profound social implications for public safety and usually causes casualties significant damage to infrastructure. Due the advancement of both ground-based spaceborne detection technology, lightning been monitored globally in recent decades as an indicator severe weather essential variable climate change. This article reviews progress study variations their response temperature aerosols, based on data. The responses aerosol show large spatial temporal heterogeneity, with relation meteorological environmental conditions. latest research that exhibited increase some high altitude or latitude regions, such Tibetan Plateau Arctic where undergone fast warming during ecosystems is fragile. Aerosol particles play important role modulating under certain dynamical thermodynamic conditions even a global scale. projected activity will generally future but may very few exceptions. Continuous long-term observations consistent efficiency remain crucial tracking change coming decades.

Language: Английский

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Aerosol effects on electrification and lightning discharges in a multicell thunderstorm simulated by the WRF-ELEC model

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(18), P. 14141 - 14158

Published: Sept. 24, 2021

Abstract. To investigate the effects of aerosols on lightning activity, Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model with a two-moment bulk microphysical scheme model was employed to simulate multicell thunderstorm that occurred in metropolitan Beijing area. The results suggest under polluted conditions activity is significantly enhanced during developing mature stages. Electrification discharges within show characteristics distinguished by different aerosol through processes. Elevated loading increases cloud droplets numbers, latent heat release, updraft ice-phase particle number concentrations. More charges upper level are carried ice particles enhance electrification process. A larger mean-mass radius graupel further non-inductive charging due more effective collisions. In continental case where concentrations low, less released parts and, as consequence, speed weaker, leading smaller particles, lower rates fewer discharges.

Language: Английский

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Diurnal differences in the effect of aerosols on cloud-to-ground lightning in the Sichuan Basin

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 2843 - 2857

Published: March 2, 2023

Abstract. The effect of aerosols on lightning has been examined in many studies, but its mechanisms are complex and far from understood. This study investigated the influence cloud-to-ground (CG) during both afternoon (12:00–18:00 Beijing Time) night (23:00–05:00 Sichuan Basin by analysing 9-year datasets CG lightning, aerosol loading, dynamic-thermodynamic, cloud-related data ground-based measurements, satellite, model reanalysis to understand difference influences under conditions with without solar radiation. relationship between optical depth (AOD) is nonlinear at a turning point AOD ≅ 0.3. When less than 0.3, increasing will lead an increase flashes night. exceeds reduce have no obvious different loading after 0.3 related changes radiation these two periods. In afternoon, excessive reaching ground through direct indirect radiative effects, resulting decrease surface temperature, atmospheric stability, inhibiting convection, thus reducing lightning. At night, due absence radiation, temperature weakened; thus, inhibition activity weakened.

Language: Английский

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Climatic precipitation efficiency and its dependence on environmental factors over the Sichuan Basin and adjacent regions, Southwest China

Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 155(5), P. 3613 - 3629

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Relationship between precipitation and cloud properties in different regions of Southwest China

International Journal of Climatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(7), P. 2297 - 2317

Published: April 4, 2024

Abstract The relationship between precipitation and cloud properties in Southwest China are investigated by using the CLARA‐A2 parameters data TRMM‐3B43 from 1998 to 2015. Ice water path (IWP) top height (CTH) significantly positively correlated with all regions, indicating that ice‐phase processes development critical influencing precipitation. Precipitation is also directly associated fractional coverage (CFC) due significant positive correlation CFC regions except Sichuan Basin (SCB). A liquid (LWP) found Eastern Tibetan Plateau (ETP) Yunnan‐Kweichow (YKP), but not Western (WTP) SCB. Notably, response of LWP as good IWP negatively ice effective radius (IREF) WTP ETP (LREF) ETP, YKP IREF LREF closely related microphysical processes. Specifically, small could accelerate Bergeron process thus increase precipitation, while large droplets coalescence process. Results indicate difference cold warm seasons convective available potential energy (CAPE) low troposphere relative humidity (RH). High CAPE RH favour occurrence China. influence on more than WTP, owing orographic lifting moisture transport Indian Ocean. Thermodynamic conditions have a greater impact LREF, YKP. In SCB, shows strong dependence CAPE, RH.

Language: Английский

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Aerosol Impacts on Storm Electrification and Lightning Discharges Under Different Thermodynamic Environments

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 128(8)

Published: April 4, 2023

Abstract The impacts of aerosol and thermodynamics on electrification lightning activities have been investigated in detail using the Weather Research Forecasting Model coupled with a double‐moment microphysics parameterization an explicit scheme. To obtain varied combination convective available potential energy (CAPE) values concentrations, sounding was modified consistently initiated five sets concentrations that served as cloud condensation nuclei. simulated electric processes respond to varying dynamical microphysical characteristics associated different CAPE conditions. Under high circumstances, augmentation ice‐phase particle leads enhancement non‐inductive charging primarily through dynamic processes. Increased content further invigorates Elevated loading under low conditions increases droplet ice crystal numbers. Larger graupel size enhanced intensity discharges.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the Effects of Aerosols on Electrification and Lightning Polarity in an Idealized Supercell Thunderstorm via Model Emulation

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 129(1)

Published: Dec. 29, 2023

Abstract Aerosol effects on the lightning intensity and polarity of a continental supercell storm were investigated using three‐dimensional scheme within Weather Research Forecasting model. We find that both intra‐cloud (IC) cloud‐to‐ground (CG) flashes are enhanced by increasing number cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), especially percentage positive CG (+CG) strokes peaking at 42%. Electrical characteristics varied in different aerosol scenarios through microphysical processes. Added aerosols increase droplets ice‐phase hydrometeors. The greater ice‐crystal concentration larger graupel size ensure sufficient charge separation, leading to higher density more discharges. In addition, an inverted structure with strong positive‐charge region mid‐levels was formed mainly due positively charged presence supercooled water content. Positive channels originating from this propagated ground, producing +CG strokes. When low, upper much lower smaller ice‐particle Consequently, there barely any Most negative deposited negative‐charge region.

Language: Английский

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Lightning nowcasting with aerosol-informed machine learning and satellite-enriched dataset

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Abstract Accurate and timely prediction of lightning occurrences plays a crucial role in safeguarding human well-being the global environment. Machine-learning-based models have been previously employed for nowcasting occurrence, offering advantages computation efficiency. However, these hindered by limited accuracy due to inadequate representation intricate mechanisms driving restricted training dataset. To address limitations, we present machine learning approach that integrates aerosol features more effectively capture mechanisms, complemented enriched satellite observations from Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM). Through well-optimized LightGBM model, successfully generate spatially continuous (0.25° 0.25°) hourly nowcasts over Contiguous United States (CONUS) during summer season, surpassing performance competitive baselines. Model is evaluated using various metrics, including (94.3%), probability detection (POD, 75.0%), false alarm ratio (FAR, 38.1%), area under curve precision–recall (PRC-AUC, 0.727). In addition dataset, improved can be attributed inclusion features, which has significantly enhanced model. This aspect overlooked previous studies. Moreover, our model unravels influence composition loading on formation, indicating high consisting sulfates organic compounds tends enhance activity, while black carbon inhibits it. These findings align with current scientific knowledge demonstrate immense potential elucidating complex underlying aerosol-associated phenomena.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms and quantification: How anthropogenic aerosols weaken the East Asian summer monsoon

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of aerosols on diurnal variation of lightning activity in the Sichuan Basin, China

Atmospheric Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107943 - 107943

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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