ForestTemp – Sub‐canopy microclimate temperatures of European forests DOI
Stef Haesen, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Pieter De Frenne

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(23), P. 6307 - 6319

Published: Oct. 3, 2021

Ecological research heavily relies on coarse-gridded climate data based standardized temperature measurements recorded at 2 m height in open landscapes. However, many organisms experience environmental conditions that differ substantially from those captured by these macroclimatic (i.e. free air) grids. In forests, the tree canopy functions as a thermal insulator and buffers sub-canopy microclimatic conditions, thereby affecting biological ecological processes. To improve assessment of climatic climate-change-related impacts forest-floor biodiversity functioning, high-resolution grids reflecting forest microclimates are thus urgently needed. Combining more than 1200 time series situ near-surface with topographical, variables machine learning model, we predicted mean monthly offset between 15 cm above surface free-air over period 2000-2020 spatial resolution 25 across Europe. This was used to evaluate difference microclimate macroclimate space seasons finally enabled us calculate annual temperatures for European understories. We found air temperatures, being average 2.1°C (standard deviation ± 1.6°C) lower summer 2.0°C higher (±0.7°C) winter Additionally, our maps expose considerable variation within landscapes, not gridded products. The provided will enable future model below-canopy processes patterns, well species distributions accurately.

Language: Английский

The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels DOI

Marina Romanello,

Claudia Di Napoli, Paul Drummond

et al.

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 400(10363), P. 1619 - 1654

Published: Oct. 25, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

1182
The 2023 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: the imperative for a health-centred response in a world facing irreversible harms DOI

Marina Romanello,

Claudia Di Napoli, Carole Green

et al.

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 402(10419), P. 2346 - 2394

Published: Nov. 14, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

519
Widespread increasing vegetation sensitivity to soil moisture DOI Creative Commons
Wantong Li, Mirco Migliavacca, Matthias Forkel

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 8, 2022

Abstract Global vegetation and associated ecosystem services critically depend on soil moisture availability which has decreased in many regions during the last three decades. While spatial patterns of sensitivity to global water have been recently investigated, long-term changes are still unclear. Here we assess 1982-2017 by applying explainable machine learning with observation-based leaf area index (LAI) hydro-climate anomaly data. We show that LAI significantly increases semi-arid arid regions. trends multiple ecological variables, strongest increasing occur most water-sensitive additionally experience declining precipitation. State-of-the-art land surface models do not reproduce this as they misrepresent strength. Our results imply an vulnerability can lead exacerbated reductions carbon uptake under future intensified drought, consequently amplifying climate change.

Language: Английский

Citations

233
The unprecedented Pacific Northwest heatwave of June 2021 DOI Creative Commons
Rachel H. White, Sam Anderson, James F. Booth

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

In late June 2021 a heatwave of unprecedented magnitude impacted the Pacific Northwest region Canada and United States. Many locations broke all-time maximum temperature records by more than 5 °C, Canadian national record was broken 4.6 with new 49.6 °C. Here, we provide comprehensive summary this event its impacts. Upstream diabatic heating played key role in anomaly. Weather forecasts provided advanced notice event, while sub-seasonal showed an increased likelihood heat extreme lead times 10-20 days. The impacts were catastrophic, including hundreds attributable deaths across Northwest, mass-mortalities marine life, reduced crop fruit yields, river flooding from rapid snow glacier melt, substantial increase wildfires-the latter contributing to landslides months following. These examples can learn vivid depiction how climate change be so devastating.

Language: Английский

Citations

208
Ground-Level NO2Surveillance from Space Across China for High Resolution Using Interpretable Spatiotemporally Weighted Artificial Intelligence DOI Creative Commons
Jing Wei, Song Liu, Zhanqing Li

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(14), P. 9988 - 9998

Published: June 29, 2022

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at the ground level poses a serious threat to environmental quality and public health. This study developed novel, artificial intelligence approach by integrating spatiotemporally weighted information into missing extra-trees deep forest models first fill satellite data gaps increase availability 49% then derive daily 1 km surface NO2 concentrations over mainland China with full spatial coverage (100%) for period 2019–2020 combining measurements, tropospheric columns derived from TROPOMI OMI, atmospheric reanalysis, model simulations. Our estimates have an average out-of-sample (out-of-city) cross-validation coefficient of determination 0.93 (0.71) root-mean-square error 4.89 (9.95) μg/m3. The seamless high-resolution high-quality dataset "ChinaHighNO2" allows us examine patterns fine scales such as urban–rural contrast. We observed systematic large differences between urban rural areas (28% on average) in NO2, especially provincial capitals. Strong holiday effects were found, declines 22 14% during Spring Festival National Day China, respectively. Unlike North America Europe, there is little difference weekdays weekends (within ±1 μg/m3). During COVID-19 pandemic, decreased considerably gradually returned normal levels around 72nd day after Lunar New Year which about 3 weeks longer than column, implying that former can better represent changes NOx emissions.

Language: Английский

Citations

198
Increasing Tibetan Plateau terrestrial evapotranspiration primarily driven by precipitation DOI Creative Commons
Ning Ma, Yongqiang Zhang

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 317, P. 108887 - 108887

Published: March 4, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

173
Ground-level gaseous pollutants (NO2, SO2, and CO) in China: daily seamless mapping and spatiotemporal variations DOI Creative Commons
Jing Wei, Zhanqing Li, Jun Wang

et al.

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 1511 - 1532

Published: Jan. 26, 2023

Abstract. Gaseous pollutants at the ground level seriously threaten urban air quality environment and public health. There are few estimates of gaseous that spatially temporally resolved continuous across China. This study takes advantage big data artificial-intelligence technologies to generate seamless daily maps three major ambient pollutant gases, i.e., NO2, SO2, CO, China from 2013 2020 a uniform spatial resolution 10 km. Cross-validation between our observations illustrated high on basis for surface CO concentrations, with mean coefficients determination (root-mean-square errors) 0.84 (7.99 µg m−3), (10.7 0.80 (0.29 mg respectively. We found COVID-19 lockdown had sustained impacts pollutants, where recovered its normal in around 34th day after Lunar New Year, while SO2 NO2 rebounded more than 2 times slower due emissions residents' increased indoor cooking atmospheric oxidation capacity. Surface reached their peak annual concentrations 21.3 ± 8.8 m−3, 23.1 13.3 1.01 0.29 m−3 2013, then continuously declined over time by 12 %, 55 17 respectively, until 2020. The declining rates were prominent 2017 sharper reductions anthropogenic but have slowed down recent years. Nevertheless, people still suffer high-frequency risk exposure eastern China, almost World Health Organization (WHO) recommended short-term guidelines (AQG) since 2018, benefiting implemented stricter “ultra-low” emission standards. reconstructed dataset will benefit future (especially short-term) pollution environmental health-related studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

164
Long-term monitoring of evapotranspiration using the SEBAL algorithm and Google Earth Engine cloud computing DOI Creative Commons
Leonardo Laipelt,

Rafael Henrique Bloedow Kayser,

Ayan Santos Fleischmann

et al.

ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 178, P. 81 - 96

Published: June 17, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

142
Increased heat risk in wet climate induced by urban humid heat DOI
Keer Zhang, Chang Cao, Haoran Chu

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 617(7962), P. 738 - 742

Published: April 26, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

139
Evaluating global and regional land warming trends in the past decades with both MODIS and ERA5-Land land surface temperature data DOI Creative Commons
You-Ren Wang, Dag O. Hessen, B. H. Samset

et al.

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 280, P. 113181 - 113181

Published: July 28, 2022

Global surface temperature has been setting new record highs in the recent decades, imposing increasing environmental challenges for societies and ecosystems worldwide. warming rates of 20th century have documented by a number studies, nevertheless, most decades 21st are particular interest understanding ongoing climate change. Analyzing trends demands data with high spatial resolution broad geographical coverage to allow analyzing changes on regional scale. Land Surface Temperature from NASA MODIS global 0.05° Skin European Centre Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5-Land reanalysis 0.1° fulfill these demands. In this study, we analyze remote-sensing-based estimate land change over period 2001–2020 global, continental, pixel-wise scales statistical significance indicated. The model-based also analyzed parallel, extending analysis back 1981. These two independently-sourced datasets, one satellites above atmosphere combining modeling observations, shown produce highly consistent results. It is revealed that shorter spatially conforming longer 1981–2020 despite time length. For 2001–2020, show average rate was 0.26 °C-0.34 °C per decade, substantially different regions. Arctic, Europe, Russia statistically significant both datasets. particular, warmed at 2.5–2.8 times average, 40-year suggest accelerating almost all continents or large Most noticeably, independent datasets indicate Arctic permafrost regions had world's highest onset century, reaching >2 decade some areas.

Language: Английский

Citations

138