Larval Dispersal and Marine Population Connectivity

Annual Review of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 443 - 466

Published: Sept. 23, 2008

Connectivity, or the exchange of individuals among marine populations, is a central topic in ecology. For most benthic species with complex life cycles, this occurs primarily during pelagic larval stage. The small size larvae coupled vast and fluid environment they occupy hamper our ability to quantify dispersal connectivity. Evidence from direct indirect approaches using geochemical genetic techniques suggests that populations range fully open closed. Understanding biophysical processes contribute observed patterns requires integrated interdisciplinary incorporate high-resolution modeling empirical data. Further, differential postsettlement survival may add complexity measurements degree which self recruit receive subsidy other has consequences for number fundamental ecological affect population regulation persistence. Finally, full understanding connectivity important applications management conservation.

Language: Английский

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Paradigm shifts in marine fisheries genetics: ugly hypotheses slain by beautiful facts

Fish and Fisheries, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 333 - 362

Published: Nov. 24, 2008

Abstract By providing new approaches to the investigation of demographic and evolutionary dynamics wild populations, molecular genetics has led fundamental changes in our understanding marine ecology. In particular, genetic have revolutionized three areas: (i) most importantly, they contributed discovery extensive population structure many species, overturning notion large, essentially homogenous populations limiting local adaptation speciation. (ii) Concomitant differences ecologically important traits now indicate adaptive differentiation biocomplexity, potentially increasing resilience exploitation disturbance. Evidence for rapid change underlies recent concerns about fisheries‐induced evolution affecting life‐history traits. (iii) A compilation published research shows estimated effective sizes that are 2–6 orders magnitude smaller than census sizes, suggesting more complex recruitment species previously assumed. Studies on Atlantic cod used illustrate these paradigm shifts. synthesis, we emphasize implications discoveries ecology as well management conservation exploited fish populations. An implication structuring potential divergence is locally adapted unlikely be replaced through immigration, with detrimental consequences environmental – a key consideration sustainable fisheries management.

Language: Английский

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Larval retention and connectivity among populations of corals and reef fishes: history, advances and challenges

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 28(2), P. 307 - 325

Published: Feb. 16, 2009

Language: Английский

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Connectivity and resilience of coral reef metapopulations in marine protected areas: matching empirical efforts to predictive needs

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 28(2), P. 327 - 337

Published: Feb. 10, 2009

Design and decision-making for marine protected areas (MPAs) on coral reefs require prediction of MPA effects with population models. Modeling MPAs has shown how the persistence metapopulations in systems depends size spacing MPAs, levels fishing outside MPAs. However, pattern demographic connectivity produced by larval dispersal is a key uncertainty those modeling studies. The information required to assess matrix containing fraction larvae traveling each location from location, not just current number exchanged among locations. Recent metapopulation research hypothetical matrices spatial scale dispersal, degree advection versus diffusion, total output, temporal variability influence persistence. empirical studies using genetics, parentage analysis, geochemical artificial marks calcified structures have improved understanding dispersal. many such report self-recruitment (locally settlement/settlement elsewhere), which as directly useful local retention settlement/total locally released), component matrix. biophysical circulation particle tracking can provide elements their sensitivity flows behavior, but it requires more assumptions than direct methods. To make rapid progress scales patterns connectivity, greater communication between empiricists modelers will be needed. Empiricists need focus identifying characteristics matrix, while track assimilate evolving results.

Language: Английский

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Connectivity Modeling System: A probabilistic modeling tool for the multi-scale tracking of biotic and abiotic variability in the ocean

Environmental Modelling & Software, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 42, P. 47 - 54

Published: Feb. 5, 2013

Language: Английский

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The influence of oceanographic fronts and early-life-history traits on connectivity among littoral fish species

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 106(5), P. 1473 - 1478

Published: Jan. 22, 2009

The spatial distribution of neutral genetic diversity is mainly influenced by barriers to dispersal. nature such varies according the dispersal means and capabilities organisms concerned. Although these are often obvious on land, in ocean they can be more difficult identify. Determining relative influence physical biotic factors connectivity remains a major challenge for marine ecologists. Here, we compare gene flow patterns 7 littoral fish species from 6 families with range early-life-history traits sampled at same geographic locations across common environmental discontinuities form oceanic fronts Western Mediterranean. We show that represent have strong population structure some species. also found no significant relation between most commonly investigated (egg type, pelagic larval duration, inshore-offshore spawning) patterns, suggesting other life-history should deserve attention. analyzed underlying mechanisms not site-specific but among oceans, generality our findings.

Language: Английский

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Climate change and coral reef connectivity

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 28(2), P. 379 - 395

Published: Jan. 13, 2009

Language: Английский

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Reproductive Output and Duration of the Pelagic Larval Stage Determine Seascape-Wide Connectivity of Marine Populations

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 52(4), P. 525 - 537

Published: July 19, 2012

Connectivity among marine populations is critical for persistence of metapopulations, coping with climate change, and determining the geographic distribution species. The influence pelagic larval duration (PLD) on connectivity has been studied extensively, but relatively little known about other biological parameters, such as survival behavior larvae, fecundity adults, population connectivity. Furthermore, interaction between seascape (habitat structure currents) these parameters unclear. We explore interactions using a biophysical model dispersal across Indo-Pacific. describe an approach that quantifies patterns from demographically relevant to evolutionarily significant levels range predict at least 95% settlement occurs within 155 km source 13 days irrespective species’ life history, yet long-distant connections remain likely. Self-recruitment primarily driven by local oceanography, mortality, precompetency period, whereas broad-scale strongly influenced reproductive output (abundance adults) length PLD. networks we have created are geographically explicit models define corridors, barriers, emergent populations. These provide hypotheses empirical testing.

Language: Английский

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Estimating dispersal distance in the deep sea: challenges and applications to marine reserves

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Feb. 13, 2015

Population connectivity refers to the exchange of individuals among populations: it affects gene flow, regulates population size and function, mitigates recovery from natural or anthropogenic disturbances. Many populations in deep sea are spatially fragmented, will become more so with increasing resource exploitation. Understanding is critical for spatial management. For most benthic species, achieved by planktonic larval stage, dispersal is, turn, regulated complex interactions between biological oceanographic processes. Coupled biophysical models, incorporating ocean circulation traits, such as duration (PLD), have been used estimate generate management plans coastal shallow waters. In sea, knowledge gaps both physical components delaying effective use this approach. Here, we review current efforts conservation evaluate (1) relevance using design marine protected areas (2) application models study connectivity. Within PLD can be distance. We propose that a guarantees minimum distance wide range species should planning sea. Based on data found at depths > 200 m, 35 69 days ensures 50% 75%, respectively, eurybathic deep-sea species. note required enhance accuracy address high variability within taxonomic groups, limiting generalizations often appealing decision-makers. Given imminent expansion exploitation relevant needed urgently.

Language: Английский

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Connectivity, sustainability, and yield: bridging the gap between conventional fisheries management and marine protected areas

Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 69 - 95

Published: Aug. 10, 2008

Language: Английский

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