Effect of botanical powders and the assassin bug, Alloeocranum biannulipes Mont. and Sign. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) against Dinoderus porcellus Lesne (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) infesting yam chips

Open Research Africa, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7, P. 7 - 7

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Dinoderus porcellus Lesne (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) is the main pest of stored dried yam chips that causes significant losses in less than 3 months. The assassin bug, Alloeocranum biannulipes (Montrouzier & Signoret) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and African mahogany ( Khaya senegalensis (Desv.) A. Juss. (Meliaceae)), ackee Blighia sapida K. Koenig (Sapindaceae)), bridelia Bridelia ferruginea Benth. (Euphorbiaceae)) leaf powders have proven to be efficient control this pest. This study aims evaluate compatibility these medicinal plants predator integrated management D. under laboratory farm conditions. Various were tested at a concentration 6% (w/w) with or without predator. Infested any treatment served as negative those mixed synthetic insecticide positive control. mortality rate was recorded While, dynamic population porcellus, their damage, weight loss 8 weeks after results revealed no combination predators could induce complete like insecticide. No difference terms survival exposed botanical observed compared Under conditions, B. powder showed sub-lethal effect on impact abundance porcellus. However, significantly reduced by biannulipes, which did not allow reproduction Our suggest an augmentative biological program release introduction practicable for chips.

Language: Английский

---

The effects of active substances of clinically important drugs on the survival, development, and some adult traits of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

TURKISH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 49(1), P. 1 - 11

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) was used as a model organism and fed on an artificial diet with different clinically important drugs under laboratory conditions. The effects of fluconazole, acyclovir, piperazine the survivorship, development, adult longevity, fecundity, hatching rate insect were investigated. results showed that highest concentration fluconazole (1250 mg/L) significantly decreased both larvae reaching 3rd instar pupation from 93.00 ± 2.95% to 11.00 2.59% (χ2 = 134.696; df 1; p 0.0001). acyclovir (200 reduced 91.00 2.17% 26.00 3.31%. Developmental times prolonged by high concentrations all drugs. dietary also longevity about 7 days. Piperazine most negative drug for fecundity (2.45 eggs per female) (2.87%). Future studies involving combinations substances would shed light use more effective mixtures control pest insects will require smaller quantities have minimal toxic impact environment nontargets.

Language: Английский

---

Intergenerational effect of cyproflanilide at sublethal level to Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Crop Protection, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107184 - 107184

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Sub-Lethal Effects of Bacillus Thuringiensis and Methoxifenozide, Over the Number of Eggs and Adults Longevity of Condylorrhiza Vestigialis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Brazil

Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(3), P. e011664 - e011664

Published: March 20, 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the sublethal effects Bacillus thuringiensis and Methoxyfenozide on number eggs longevity Condylorrhiza vestigialis under laboratory conditions, with aim reducing insect populations field conditions. Theoretical Framework: It based need control an important pest Álamo culture. Method: C. pupae used in experiment were obtained from mass rearing. Three treatments used: T1 – Methoxyfenozide; T2 B. T3 Distilled sterilized water. To carry out evaluations, submerged insecticide solutions for two different periods time, three five minutes. For each treatment, four couples used, egg count was always done during change bond paper ended after death females. Results Discussion: dose Bt tested did not indicate sub-lethal that could affect adults, fertility females; showed reduce survival adults longest pupal immersion time total eggs; Hormesis verified increase time. Research Implications: Provide results be applied as well stimulate new research related topic. Originality/Value: relevance value are evidenced by future possibility treating

Language: Английский

---

Biocontrol potential of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Russian knapweed, Acroptilon repens, L. (Asteraceae) against Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 28, 2025

Plant based natural products could be used as new alternative of chemical insecticides due to their co-friendly, safety non-target organisms, and low-level resistance properties. In this study, the contact toxicity sublethal effects Acroptilon repens L., Russian knap weed, extracts (aqueous methanolic) were evaluated on biological, population traits projection greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum. The essential oil was extracted from plant by steam distillation using a Clevenger apparatus compounds identified gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Twenty-three components A. characterized, in which caryophyllene oxide (30.67%) α-copaene (15.05%), predominant knapweed. Moreover, results illustrated that some secondary metabolites (e.g. flavonoids, alkaloids polyphenols) rich methanolic extract compared control. leaf dipping method for bioassay tests against whiteflies. According our findings, aqueous (LC50: 1802.59 ppm) more toxic than methnolic treatment 3849.15 T. vaporariorum adults. age-stage, two-sex life table theory analyze data. concentration either or mehanolic significantly affected biological growth parameters control prolongation developmental period, adult longevity, reducing survival rate, fecundity decreasing net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic increase (r), finite (λ) adults, well. overall demonstrated both knapweed considered management programs whitefly. However, cost-effective property should not neglected.

Language: Английский

---

Increased survival of honeybees in the laboratory after simultaneous exposure to low doses of pesticides and bacteria

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. e0191256 - e0191256

Published: Jan. 31, 2018

Recent studies of honeybees and bumblebees have examined combinatory effects different stressors, as insect pollinators are naturally exposed to multiple stressors. At the same time potential influences simultaneously occurring agricultural agents on pollinator health remain largely unknown. Due farming methods, drift applied manure, most probably insecticides but also bacteria from organic fertilizers at time. We orally honeybee workers sub-lethal doses insecticide thiacloprid two strains bacterium Enterococcus faecalis, which can occur in manure animals. Our results show that under laboratory conditions bees a pesticide had significant higher survival rates 11 days post exposure than controls, surprisingly showed lowest survival. Bees were diet containing decreased food intake. General antibacterial activity is increased by bacteria, resulting immune response observed treated individuals compared control individuals. thus propose caloric restriction through behavioural physiological adaptations may mediated an improved stress resistance our tests. However, consumption could long-term result possible negative colony level. study does not additive impact doses, when tested conditions. In contrast, we report seemingly beneficial simultaneous agents, might demonstrate surprising biological capacity for coping with possibly hormetic regulation.

Language: Английский

---

Effect of Azadirachta indica (Sapindales: Meliaceae) Oil on Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae and Adults

Florida Entomologist, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 102(2), P. 408 - 408

Published: June 14, 2019

Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) is used to control insects due its compounds that have insecticidal, repellent, and antifeedant properties. These effects also may cause sublethal impacts on reduce populations of target species. Such species can economic importance, like Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which feeds various plant Thus, the objective this study was evaluate larval mortality, lethal concentration, larvae, pupae, adults S. after larvae were fed an artificial diet containing oil at different concentrations. The incorporated into concentrations 5,000, 10,000, 15,000 ppm, plus a group. Four replicates 35 second instar caterpillars made for each treatment, observed daily until pupation emergence. survival, duration pupal periods, weight viability, wing length, deformation evaluated. Longevity, fertility, fecundity recorded pairing (mating arrangement) males females developed either without propanone, with propanone only, both propanone. in reduced survival prolonged periods. Pupae groups contained weighed less, had smaller length than There no influence but number deformed increased. longevity, it did not alter fertility. results suggest probability insect remaining environment ability decrease offspring longevity

Language: Английский

---

Fipronil affects cockroach behavior and olfactory memory

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 226(8)

Published: March 27, 2023

ABSTRACT Fipronil (Fpl), an insecticide belonging to the class of phenylpyrazoles, is associated with widespread mortality pollinator insects worldwide. Based on studies carried out residual concentrations Fpl commonly found in environment, this study, we evaluated sublethal effects behavior and other neurophysiological parameters using cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea as a biological model. Sublethal doses (0.1–0.001 μg g−1) increased time spent grooming caused dose-dependent inhibition exploratory activity, partial neuromuscular blockade vivo irreversible negative cardiac chronotropism. also disrupted learning olfactory memory formation at all tested. These results provide first evidence that short-term exposure can significantly disrupt insect physiology, including memory. findings have implications for current pesticide risk assessment could be potentially useful establishing correlation insects, such honey bees.

Language: Английский

---

Biochemical and Histopathological Impacts Induced by the Lethal Toxicity of Chlorpyriphos, Methomyl, and Spinosad against the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Egypt

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 31 - 46

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most highly invasive and damaging agricultural pests. In Egypt, maize grains have enormous economic importance. Infestations S. in cause a significant reduction yield. This research aimed to assess potential impact LC50 values for chlorpyrifos, methomyl, spinosad, set at 470, 105.5, 2.5 ppm, respectively, on biochemical histopathological responses frugiperda. results indicated that exposure armyworm larvae lethal concentrations such insecticides resulted decrease total protein, carbohydrate, lipids associated with increase α, β-esterase, acetylcholinesterase. Moreover, noted elevation acid alkaline phosphatases, Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) glutamate pyruvate (GPT), phenoloxidase, chitinase activities occurred. For digestive enzymes, amylase activity has occurred while invertase trehalase changed only differences among spinosad methomyl treatments. However, chlorpyrifos exhibited non-significant variations trehalase. By cross-section midgut larvae, distinct histological damage was distinguished by cytoplasmic vacuolation, necrosis sloughing epithelial lining from basement membrane toward its lumen. conclusion, all treatments insecticides, or significantly affected aspects histopathology larvae.

Language: Английский

---

Tracking the Feeding Mechanism of Sap-Sucking Insect-Pests Through Electropenetrography (EPG)

Journal of Insect Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 58 - 81

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---