Seed dormancy and the control of germination

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 171(3), P. 501 - 523

Published: July 14, 2006

Summary Seed dormancy is an innate seed property that defines the environmental conditions in which able to germinate. It determined by genetics with a substantial influence mediated, at least part, plant hormones abscisic acid and gibberellins. Not only status influenced maturation environment, it also continuously changing time following shedding manner ambient environment. As present throughout higher plants all major climatic regions, adaptation has resulted divergent responses Through this adaptation, germination timed avoid unfavourable weather for subsequent establishment reproductive growth. In review, we integrated view of evolution, molecular genetics, physiology, biochemistry, ecology modelling mechanisms their control germination. We argue taken place on theme rather than via fundamentally different paths identify similarities underlying extensive diversity response environment controls Contents 501 I. Introduction 502 II. What how related germination? III. How nondeep physiological regulated within level? 509 IV. environment? Ecophysiology 514 V. Conclusions perspectives 518 Acknowledgements 519 References Supplementary material 523

Language: Английский

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Climate change and plant regeneration from seed

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 2145 - 2161

Published: Nov. 15, 2010

At the core of plant regeneration, temperature and water supply are critical drivers for seed dormancy (initiation, break) germination. Hence, global climate change is altering these environmental cues will preclude, delay, or enhance regeneration from seeds, as already documented in some cases. Along with compromised seedling emergence vigour, shifts germination phenology influence population dynamics, thus, species composition diversity communities. Altered maturation (including consequences dispersal) mass have ramifications on life history traits plants. Predicted changes precipitation, thus soil moisture, affect many components persistence soil, e.g. longevity, release germination, pathogen activity. More/less equitable alter geographic distribution species, but restricted migratory capacity greatly limit their response. Seed weedy could evolve relatively quickly to keep pace enhancing negative economic impact. Thus, increased research understudied ecosystems, key issues related ecology, evolution nonweedy needed more fully comprehend plan responses warming.

Language: Английский

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Plant structural traits and their role in anti-herbivore defence

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2007, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 157 - 178

Published: April 24, 2007

Language: Английский

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Why does phenology drive species distribution?

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 365(1555), P. 3149 - 3160

Published: Sept. 6, 2010

Despite the numerous studies which have been conducted during past decade on species ranges and their relationship to environment, our understanding of how environmental conditions shape distribution is still far from complete. Yet, some process-based models able simulate plants insects at a global scale. These strongly rely completion annual cycle therefore accomplished phenology. In particular, they shown that northern limit species' appears be caused mainly by inability undergo full fruit maturation, while southern flower or unfold leaves owing lack chilling temperatures are necessary break bud dormancy. I discuss here why phenology key adaptive trait in shaping using mostly examples plant species, most documented. After discussing involved fitness it an susceptible evolve quickly changing climate conditions, describe related fate under change scenarios model projections experimental field literature.

Language: Английский

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Biodiversity, Ecosystem Functioning, and Human Wellbeing

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 30, 2009

Abstract How will biodiversity loss affect ecosystem functioning, services, and human wellbeing? In an age of accelerating loss, this volume summarizes recent advances in biodiversity‐ecosystem functioning research explores the economics services. The first section development basic science provides a meta-analysis that quantitatively tests several hypotheses. second describes natural foundations research, including: quantifying functional diversity, field into predictive science, effects stability complexity, methods to quantify mechanisms by which diversity affects importance trophic structure, microbial ecology, spatial dynamics. third takes on further than it has ever gone dimension. six chapters cover most pressing environmental challenges humanity faces, including on: climate change mitigation, restoration degraded habitats, managed ecosystems, pollination, disease, biological invasions. remaining three consider economic perspective, synthesis services biodiversity, options open policy-makers address failure markets account for services; examination valuing and, hence, understanding consequences decisions neglect these ways economists are currently incorporating decision models conservation management biodiversity. final new ecoinformatics help transform globally finally, advancements future directions field. book's ultimate conclusion is essential element any strategy sustainable development.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the Effects of Land-use Change on Plant Traits, Communities and Ecosystem Functioning in Grasslands: A Standardized Methodology and Lessons from an Application to 11 European Sites

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 99(5), P. 967 - 985

Published: Nov. 3, 2006

A standardized methodology to assess the impacts of land-use changes on vegetation and ecosystem functioning is presented. It assumes that species traits are central these impacts, designed be applicable in different historical, climatic contexts local settings. Preliminary results presented show its applicability.

Language: Английский

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Cloning of DOG1 , a quantitative trait locus controlling seed dormancy in Arabidopsis

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 103(45), P. 17042 - 17047

Published: Oct. 26, 2006

Genetic variation for seed dormancy in nature is a typical quantitative trait controlled by multiple loci on which environmental factors have strong effect. Finding the genes underlying major scientific challenge, also has relevance agriculture and ecology. In this study we describe identification of DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1) gene previously identified as locus involved control dormancy. This was isolated combination positional cloning mutant analysis absolutely required induction DOG1 member small family unknown molecular function, with five members Arabidopsis. The functional natural allelic present Arabidopsis caused polymorphisms cis-regulatory region results considerable expression differences between alleles accessions analyzed.

Language: Английский

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Reconsidering plant memory: Intersections between stress recovery, RNA turnover, and epigenetics

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 2(2)

Published: Feb. 5, 2016

Plants grow in dynamic environments where they can be exposed to a multitude of stressful factors, all which affect their development, yield, and, ultimately, reproductive success. are adept at rapidly acclimating conditions and able further fortify defenses by retaining memories stress enable stronger or more rapid responses should an environmental perturbation recur. Indeed, one mechanism that is often evoked regarding epigenetics. Yet, there relatively few examples such memories; neither clear understanding duration, considering the plethora stresses nature. We propose this field would benefit from investigations into processes mechanisms enabling recovery stress. An could provide fresh insights when, how, why created regulated. Stress may maladaptive, hindering affecting development potential yield. In some circumstances, it advantageous for plants learn forget. Accordingly, process entails balancing act between resetting memory formation. During recovery, RNA metabolism, posttranscriptional gene silencing, RNA-directed DNA methylation have play key roles epigenome transcriptome altering memory. Exploration emerging area research becoming ever tractable with advances genomics, phenomics, high-throughput sequencing methodology will unprecedented profiling high-resolution time series experiments sampling large natural populations.

Language: Английский

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The ecophysiology of seed persistence: a mechanistic view of the journey to germination or demise

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 90(1), P. 31 - 59

Published: March 12, 2014

ABSTRACT Seed persistence is the survival of seeds in environment once they have reached maturity. allows a species, population or genotype to survive long after death parent plants, thus distributing genetic diversity through time. The ability predict seed accurately critical inform long‐term weed management and flora rehabilitation programs, as well allow greater understanding plant community dynamics. Indeed, each 420000 seed‐bearing species has unique set characteristics that determine its propensity develop persistent soil bank. duration varies among populations, depends on physical physiological how are affected by biotic abiotic environment. An integrated ecophysiological mechanisms essential if we improve our can soils, both now under future climatic conditions. In this review present an holistic overview seed, climate, soil, other site factors contribute mechanistically persistence, incorporating physiological, biochemical ecological perspectives. We focus current knowledge traits influence longevity ex situ controlled storage conditions, explore inherent moderated changeable conditions , before dispersed. argue given any resistance exiting bank via germination death, exposure environmental conducive those fates. By synthesising affects when leave into resistance–exposure model, provide new framework for developing experimental modelling approaches will persist range environments.

Language: Английский

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The seed microbiome: Origins, interactions, and impacts

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 422(1-2), P. 7 - 34

Published: May 24, 2017

Language: Английский

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