The cardiac, respiratory and gastric rhythms independently modulate corticospinal excitability DOI Creative Commons
Tahnée Engelen, Teresa Schuhmann, Alexander T. Sack

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 14, 2024

Abstract Interoception refers to the sensing of internal state body and encompasses various bodily axes. Yet many interoceptive signals display unique qualities. The heart, lungs, stomach each have their distinct frequencies, afferent pathways, respective functions. At same time these organs has been demonstrated interact with neural activity behaviour. To what extent then should different be treated as separate modalities in interoception? We here aim answer this question by assessing human participants whether phase visceral rhythms is coupled corticospinal excitability motor system, coupling happens an organ-specific or organ-general manner. combined continuous physiological recordings single pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) probe phase-amplitude between cardiac, respiratory, gastric rhythm amplitude Motor Evoked Potentials (MEP). All three contributed MEP similar effect sizes at group level. However, we found no relation strengths organs. Thus, displaying high one organ did not necessarily other organs, suggestive profiles. There was also link self-reported awareness actual coupling, suggesting are dimensions interoception. Together results show that mediated least partially independent mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Movement-Related Signals in Sensory Areas: Roles in Natural Behavior DOI
Philip R. L. Parker,

Morgan A. Brown,

Matthew C. Smear

et al.

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 43(8), P. 581 - 595

Published: June 22, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

150
Keypoint-MoSeq: parsing behavior by linking point tracking to pose dynamics DOI Creative Commons
Caleb Weinreb, Jonah E Pearl, Sherry Lin

et al.

Nature Methods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(7), P. 1329 - 1339

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Keypoint tracking algorithms can flexibly quantify animal movement from videos obtained in a wide variety of settings. However, it remains unclear how to parse continuous keypoint data into discrete actions. This challenge is particularly acute because are susceptible high-frequency jitter that clustering mistake for transitions between Here we present keypoint-MoSeq, machine learning-based platform identifying behavioral modules (‘syllables’) without human supervision. Keypoint-MoSeq uses generative model distinguish noise behavior, enabling identify syllables whose boundaries correspond natural sub-second discontinuities pose dynamics. outperforms commonly used alternative methods at these transitions, capturing correlations neural activity and behavior classifying either solitary or social behaviors accordance with annotations. also works multiple species generalizes beyond the syllable timescale, fast sniff-aligned movements mice spectrum oscillatory fruit flies. Keypoint-MoSeq, therefore, renders accessible modular structure through standard video recordings.

Language: Английский

Citations

44
Common principles for odour coding across vertebrates and invertebrates DOI

Kara A Fulton,

David Zimmerman,

Aravi Samuel

et al.

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 453 - 472

Published: May 28, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Real-time, low-latency closed-loop feedback using markerless posture tracking DOI Creative Commons
Gary A. Kane, Gonçalo Lopes,

Jonny L. Saunders

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 8, 2020

The ability to control a behavioral task or stimulate neural activity based on animal behavior in real-time is an important tool for experimental neuroscientists. Ideally, such tools are noninvasive, low-latency, and provide interfaces trigger external hardware posture. Recent advances pose estimation with deep learning allows researchers train networks accurately quantify wide variety of behaviors. Here, we new <monospace>DeepLabCut-Live!</monospace> package that achieves low-latency (within 15 ms, >100 FPS), additional forward-prediction module zero-latency feedback, dynamic-cropping mode higher inference speeds. We also three options using this ease: (1) stand-alone GUI (called <monospace>DLC-Live! GUI</monospace>), integration into (2) <monospace>Bonsai,</monospace> (3) <monospace>AutoPilot</monospace>. Lastly, benchmarked performance range systems so experimentalists can easily decide what required their needs.

Language: Английский

Citations

132
Olfactory Sensing and Navigation in Turbulent Environments DOI
Gautam Reddy, Venkatesh N. Murthy, Massimo Vergassola

et al.

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 191 - 213

Published: Nov. 9, 2021

Fluid turbulence is a double-edged sword for the navigation of macroscopic animals, such as birds, insects, and rodents. On one hand, enables pheromone communication among mates possibility locating food by their odors from long distances. Molecular diffusion would indeed be unable to spread over relevant distances in natural conditions. other turbulent flows are hard predict, learning effective maneuvers navigate them challenging, we discuss this review. We first provide summary olfactory organs that sense airborne or surface-bound odors, well computational tasks animals face when extracting information useful an signal. A compendium dynamics transport emphasizes those aspects directly impact animals’ behavior. The state art on navigational strategies discussed, followed concluding section dedicated future challenges field.

Language: Английский

Citations

69
Sniff-synchronized, gradient-guided olfactory search by freely moving mice DOI Creative Commons
Teresa M Findley, David G Wyrick,

Jennifer L Cramer

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: May 4, 2021

For many organisms, searching for relevant targets such as food or mates entails active, strategic sampling of the environment. Finding odorous may be most ancient search problem that motile organisms evolved to solve. While chemosensory navigation has been well characterized in microorganisms and invertebrates, spatial olfaction vertebrates is poorly understood. We have established an olfactory assay which freely moving mice navigate noisy concentration gradients airborne odor. Mice solve this task using gradient cues do not require stereo performance. During performance, respiration nose movement are synchronized with tens milliseconds precision. This synchrony present during trials largely absent inter-trial intervals, suggesting sniff-synchronized a behavioral state rather than simply constant accompaniment fast breathing. To reveal spatiotemporal structure these active sensing movements, we used machine learning methods parse motion trajectories into elementary motifs. Motifs fall two clusters, correspond investigation approach states. Investigation motifs lock precisely sniffing, individual preferentially occur at specific phases sniff cycle. The allocentric indicates advantage both sides sharpest part odor gradient, consistent serial-sniff strategy sensing. work clarifies sensorimotor strategies mouse guides ongoing underlying neural mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Citations

60
Wind gates olfaction-driven search states in free flight DOI
S. David Stupski, Floris van Breugel

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(19), P. 4397 - 4411.e6

Published: July 26, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Neural mechanisms underlying the temporal organization of naturalistic animal behavior DOI Creative Commons
Luca Mazzucato

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: July 6, 2022

Naturalistic animal behavior exhibits a strikingly complex organization in the temporal domain, with variability arising from at least three sources: hierarchical, contextual, and stochastic. What neural mechanisms computational principles underlie such intricate features? In this review, we provide critical assessment of existing behavioral neurophysiological evidence for these sources naturalistic behavior. Recent research converges on an emergent mechanistic theory based attractor networks metastable dynamics, via coordinated interactions between mesoscopic circuits. We highlight crucial role played by structural heterogeneities as well noise feedback loops regulating flexible assess shortcomings missing links current theoretical experimental literature propose new directions investigation to fill gaps.

Language: Английский

Citations

30
Behavioral discrimination and olfactory bulb encoding of odor plume intermittency DOI Creative Commons
Ankita Gumaste, Keeley L. Baker,

Michelle Izydorczak

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 5, 2024

In order to survive, animals often need navigate a complex odor landscape where odors can exist in airborne plumes. Several plume properties change with distance from the source, providing potential navigational cues searching animals. Here, we focus on intermittency, temporal property that measures fraction of time is above threshold at given point within and decreases increasing source. We sought determine if mice use changes intermittency locate an To do so, trained discrimination task. establish discriminate samples low high neural responses olfactory bulb account for task performance support encoding. Modulation sniffing, behavioral parameter highly dynamic during odor-guided navigation, affects both outcome representation intermittency. Together, this work demonstrates inform search more broadly supports notion mammalian odor-based navigation be guided by properties.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Spatial information from the odour environment in mammalian olfaction DOI Creative Commons

Alina Cristina Marin,

Andreas T. Schaefer, Tobias Ackels

et al.

Cell and Tissue Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 383(1), P. 473 - 483

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Abstract The sense of smell is an essential modality for many species, in particular nocturnal and crepuscular mammals, to gather information about their environment. Olfactory cues provide over a large range distances, allowing behaviours ranging from simple detection recognition objects, tracking trails navigating using odour plumes afar. In this review, we discuss the features natural olfactory environment brief overview how can be sampled might represented processed by mammalian system. Finally, recent behavioural approaches that address mammals extract spatial three different contexts: trail tracking, plume and, more general, olfactory-guided navigation. Recent technological developments have seen spatiotemporal aspect olfaction gain significant attention, both promising aspects rapidly developing paradigms stimulus control technologies as well limitations. We conclude that, while still its beginnings, research on offers entry point into understanding mechanisms space.

Language: Английский

Citations

37