Phylogenetically distant animals sleep: why do sleep researchers care? DOI Creative Commons
William Bechtel

Biology & Philosophy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(1)

Published: Dec. 29, 2023

Abstract Philosophers examining mechanistic explanations in biology have identified heuristic strategies scientists use discovering mechanisms. This paper examines the strategy of investigating phylogenetically distant model organisms, using research on sleep fruit flies as an example. At time was discovered 2000 next to nothing known about mechanisms regulating and what they could reveal those us. One relatively straightforward line focused homologous genes humans, understand roles their homologs played controlling But other a higher level organization—the neural networks involved homeostatic circadian control sleep. raises puzzle—given that fly vertebrate brains are organized very differently, how regulation serve informative sleep? I argue basic design such can be conserved even composition mechanism changes researchers hope designs deciphered models for understanding humans.

Language: Английский

Cell type-specific driver lines targeting the Drosophila central complex and their use to investigate neuropeptide expression and sleep regulation DOI Open Access
Tanya Wolff, Mark Eddison, Nan Chen

et al.

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

The central complex (CX) plays a key role in many higher-order functions of the insect brain including navigation and activity regulation. Genetic tools for manipulating individual cell types, knowledge what neurotransmitters neuromodulators they express, will be required to gain mechanistic understanding how these are implemented. We generated characterized split-GAL4 driver lines that express or small subsets about half CX types. surveyed neuropeptide receptor expression using fluorescent situ hybridization. About neuropeptides we examined were expressed only few cells, while rest dozens hundreds cells. Neuropeptide receptors more broadly at lower levels. Using our GAL4 drivers mark found 51 85 types least one 21 multiple neuropeptides. Surprisingly, all co-expressed molecule neurotransmitter. Finally, used identify whose activation affects sleep, identified other link circadian clock CX. well-characterized genetic information on neurotransmitter provide should enhance studies

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Re-examining the role of the dorsal fan-shaped body in promoting sleep in Drosophila DOI Creative Commons

Joydeep De,

Mei‐Lin Wu,

Vanessa Lambatan

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(17), P. 3660 - 3668.e4

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

The needs fulfilled by sleep are unknown, though the effects of insufficient manifold. To better understand how need to is sensed and discharged, much effort has gone into identifying neural circuits involved in regulating arousal, especially those that promote sleep. In prevailing models, dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB) plays a central role this process fly brain. present study we manipulated various properties dFB including its electrical activity, synaptic output, endogenous gene expression. each these experimental contexts were unable identify any effect on could be unambiguously mapped dFB. Furthermore, found evidence phenotypes previously attributed caused genetic manipulations inadvertently targeted ventral nerve cord. We also examined expression two genes whose purported have been functions within specific subpopulation neurons. both cases little no expected cells. Collectively, our results cast doubt hypothesis promoting

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals that glial cells integrate homeostatic and circadian processes to drive sleep–wake cycles DOI Creative Commons
Joana Dopp, Antonio Ortega, Kristofer Davie

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 359 - 372

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

The sleep-wake cycle is determined by circadian and sleep homeostatic processes. However, the molecular impact of these processes their interaction in different brain cell populations are unknown. To fill this gap, we profiled single-cell transcriptome adult Drosophila brains across four times. We show type-specific transcriptomic changes, with glia displaying largest variation. Glia also among few types whose gene expression correlates both homeostat clock. drive level affect clock regulators glia, disrupting genes specifically impairs rebound after deprivation. These findings provide a comprehensive view effects on distinct an entire animal reveal as site two to determine dynamics.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Cell type-specific driver lines targeting the Drosophila central complex and their use to investigate neuropeptide expression and sleep regulation DOI Open Access
Tanya Wolff, Mark Eddison, Nan Chen

et al.

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

The central complex (CX) plays a key role in many higher-order functions of the insect brain including navigation and activity regulation. Genetic tools for manipulating individual cell types, knowledge what neurotransmitters neuromodulators they express, will be required to gain mechanistic understanding how these are implemented. We generated characterized split-GAL4 driver lines that express or small subsets about half CX types. surveyed neuropeptide receptor expression using fluorescent situ hybridization. About neuropeptides we examined were expressed only few cells, while rest dozens hundreds cells. Neuropeptide receptors more broadly at lower levels. Using our GAL4 drivers mark found 51 85 types least one 21 multiple neuropeptides. Surprisingly, all co-expressed neurotransmitter. Finally, used identify whose activation affects sleep, identified other link circadian clock CX. well-characterized genetic information on neurotransmitter provide should enhance studies

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Prefrontal synaptic regulation of homeostatic sleep pressure revealed through synaptic chemogenetics DOI
Takeshi Sawada, Yusuke Iino, Kensuke Yoshida

et al.

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 385(6716), P. 1459 - 1465

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Sleep is regulated by homeostatic processes, yet the biological basis of sleep pressure that accumulates during wakefulness, triggers sleep, and dissipates remains elusive. We explored a causal relationship between cellular synaptic strength electroencephalography delta power indicating macro-level developing theoretical framework molecular tool to manipulate strength. The mathematical model predicted increased promotes neuronal “down state” raises power. Our (synapse-targeted chemically induced translocation Kalirin-7, SYNCit-K), which induces dendritic spine enlargement potentiation through protein demonstrated excitatory neurons in prefrontal cortex (PFC) increases nonrapid eye movement amounts Thus, PFC dictates mammals.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Cell type-specific driver lines targeting the Drosophila central complex and their use to investigate neuropeptide expression and sleep regulation DOI Creative Commons
Tanya Wolff, Mark Eddison, Nan Chen

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 22, 2024

The central complex (CX) plays a key role in many higher-order functions of the insect brain including navigation and activity regulation. Genetic tools for manipulating individual cell types, knowledge what neurotransmitters neuromodulators they express, will be required to gain mechanistic understanding how these are implemented. We generated characterized split-GAL4 driver lines that express or small subsets about half CX types. surveyed neuropeptide receptor expression using fluorescent

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Constitutive and conditional epitope-tagging of endogenous G protein coupled receptors inDrosophila DOI
Shivan L. Bonanno, Piero Sanfilippo,

Aditya Eamani

et al.

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(33), P. e2377232024 - e2377232024

Published: June 27, 2024

To visualize the cellular and subcellular localization of neuromodulatory G-protein–coupled receptors in Drosophila , we implement a molecular strategy recently used to add epitope tags ionotropic at their endogenous loci. Leveraging evolutionary conservation identify sites more likely permit insertion tag, generated constitutive conditional tagged alleles for 5-HT1A 5-HT2A 5-HT2B Oct β 1R 2R two isoforms OAMB mGluR . The allow restricted expression receptor specific cell types, an option not available any previous reagents label these proteins. We show patterns female brains that localize mushroom bodies (MBs) central complex, respectively, as predicted by roles sleep. By contrast, unexpected enrichment Octβ1R complex nerve terminals lobular columnar cells visual system suggest new hypotheses about functions sites. Using additional allele serotonin transporter, marker serotonergic tracts, demonstrate diverse spatial relationships between postsynaptic 5-HT presynaptic neurons, consistent with importance both synaptic volume transmission. Finally, use it localizes distinct within MBs Kenyon autoreceptor.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Cell type-specific driver lines targeting the Drosophila central complex and their use to investigate neuropeptide expression and sleep regulation DOI Open Access
Tanya Wolff, Mark Eddison, Nan Chen

et al.

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

The central complex (CX) plays a key role in many higher-order functions of the insect brain including navigation and activity regulation. Genetic tools for manipulating individual cell types, knowledge what neurotransmitters neuromodulators they express, will be required to gain mechanistic understanding how these are implemented. We generated characterized split-GAL4 driver lines that express or small subsets about half CX types. surveyed neuropeptide receptor expression using fluorescent situ hybridization. About neuropeptides we examined were expressed only few cells, while rest dozens hundreds cells. Neuropeptide receptors more broadly at lower levels. Using our GAL4 drivers mark found 51 85 types least one 21 multiple neuropeptides. Surprisingly, all co-expressed neurotransmitter. Finally, used identify whose activation affects sleep, identified other link circadian clock CX. well-characterized genetic information on neurotransmitter provide should enhance studies

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Cell type-specific driver lines targeting the Drosophila central complex and their use to investigate neuropeptide expression and sleep regulation DOI Creative Commons
Tanya Wolff, Mark Eddison, Nan Chen

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 17, 2025

The central complex (CX) plays a key role in many higher-order functions of the insect brain including navigation and activity regulation. Genetic tools for manipulating individual cell types, knowledge what neurotransmitters neuromodulators they express, will be required to gain mechanistic understanding how these are implemented. We generated characterized split-GAL4 driver lines that express or small subsets about half CX types. surveyed neuropeptide receptor expression using fluorescent situ hybridization. About neuropeptides we examined were expressed only few cells, while rest dozens hundreds cells. Neuropeptide receptors more broadly at lower levels. Using our GAL4 drivers mark found 51 85 types least one 21 multiple neuropeptides. Surprisingly, all co-expressed molecule neurotransmitter. Finally, used identify whose activation affects sleep, identified other link circadian clock CX. well-characterized genetic information on neurotransmitter provide should enhance studies

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Dynamics of glia and neurons regulate homeostatic rest, sleep and feeding behavior in Drosophila DOI Creative Commons
Andres Flores-Valle,

Ivan Vishniakou,

Johannes D. Seelig

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 21, 2025

Abstract Homeostatic processes, including sleep, are critical for brain function. Here we identify astrocyte-like glia (or astrocytes, AL) and ensheathing (EG), the two major classes of that arborize inside brain, as brain-wide, locally acting homeostats short, naturally occurring rest sleep bouts Drosophila , show a subset neurons in fan-shaped body encodes feeding homeostasis. We metabolic gas carbon dioxide, changes pH behavioral activity all induce long-lasting calcium responses EG AL, levels both types circadian modulation. The homeostatic dynamics these can be modeled based on behavior. Additionally, local optogenetic activation AL or is sufficient to rest. Together, results suggest glial controllers activity, thus establishing link between metabolism, sleep.

Language: Английский

Citations

0