Differential increase of hippocampal subfield volume after socio-affective mental training relates to reductions in diurnal cortisol DOI Creative Commons
Sofie L. Valk, Veronika Engert, Lara Puhlmann

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

The hippocampus is a central modulator of the HPA-axis, impacting regulation stress on brain structure, function, and behavior. current study assessed whether three different types 3 months mental Training Modules geared towards nurturing (a) attention-based mindfulness, (b) socio-affective, or (c) socio-cognitive skills may impact hippocampal organization by reducing stress. We evaluated training-induced changes in subfield volume intrinsic functional connectivity, combining longitudinal structural resting-state fMRI connectivity analysis 332 healthy adults. related these to diurnal chronic cortisol levels. observed increases bilateral cornu ammonis (CA1-3) following compassion-based module targeting socio-affective ( Affect module), as compared Perspective module) waitlist cohort with no training intervention. Structural were paralleled relative CA1-3 when fostering skills. Furthermore, structure function consistently correlated reductions output. Notably, using multivariate approach, we found that other subfields did not show group-level also contributed Overall, provide link between socio-emotional behavioural intervention,

Language: Английский

Longitudinal trajectories of resilient psychosocial functioning link to ongoing cortical myelination and functional reorganization during adolescence DOI Open Access
Meike D. Hettwer, Lena Dorfschmidt, Lara Puhlmann

et al.

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Adolescence is a period of dynamic brain remodeling and susceptibility to psychiatric risk factors, mediated by the protracted consolidation association cortices. Here, we investigated whether intra-individual trajectories psychosocial functioning relative environmental stressor exposure - including adverse life events, dysfunctional family settings, socio-economic status are tied myeloarchitectural maturation down-stream effects on intrinsic function. To this end, employed longitudinal myelin-sensitive Magnetic Transfer (MT) resting-state imaging in NSPN cohort (aged 14-26y). Developing towards more resilient was linked increasing myelination anterolateral prefrontal cortex, which exhibited stabilized functional connectivity. Studying depth-specific intracortical MT profiles cortex-wide synchronization maturation, further observed wide-spread re-configuration cortices paralleled attenuated reorganization with increasingly outcomes. Together, resilient/susceptible showed considerable change reflected multi-modal cortical refinement processes at local system-level.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Intracortical myelin across laminae in adult individuals with 47,XXX: a 7 Tesla MRI study DOI Creative Commons
Chaira Serrarens,

Julia Ruiz-Fernandez,

Maarten Otter

et al.

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Abstract 47,XXX (Triple X syndrome) is a sex chromosome aneuploidy characterized by the presence of supernumerary in affected females and associated with variable cognitive, behavioral, psychiatric phenotype. The effect on intracortical microstructure currently unknown. Therefore, we conducted 7 Tesla structural MRI compared T1 (ms), as proxy for myelin (ICM), across laminae 21 adult women 22 age-matched typically developing using laminar analyses. Relationships between phenotypic traits values were also investigated. Adults showed higher bilateral supragranular banks superior temporal sulcus, right inferior gyrus, suggesting decreases ICM primarily within cortex 47,XXX. Higher social functioning was related to larger gyrus content. Our findings indicate an adult-aged cortex. These provide insight into role dosage laminae. Future research warranted further explore functional significance altered

Language: Английский

Citations

2
ENIGMA-Meditation: Worldwide consortium for neuroscientific investigations of meditation practices DOI Open Access
Saampras Ganesan, Aki Tsuchiyagaito, Greg J. Siegle

et al.

Published: April 8, 2024

Meditation is a family of ancient and contemporary contemplative mind-body practices that can modulate psychological processes, awareness, mental states. Over the last 40 years, clinical science has manualised meditation designed various interventions (MIs), have shown therapeutic efficacy for disorders including depression, pain, addiction, anxiety. past decade, neuroimaging examined neuroscientific basis practices, effects, states, outcomes non-clinical populations. However, generalizability replicability current models are yet to be established, as they largely based on small datasets entrenched with heterogeneity along several domains (e.g., practice types, experience, disorder targeted), experimental design, methods preprocessing, analysis, task-based, resting-state, structural MRI). These limitations precluded nuanced rigorous phenotyping their potential benefits. Here, we present ENIGMA-Meditation, first worldwide collaborative consortium investigations practices. ENIGMA-Meditation will enable systematic meta- mega-analyses globally distributed using shared, standardized tools improve statistical power generalizability. Through this powerful framework, existing accounts extended generate novel insights, accounting multi-domain heterogeneity. inform mechanisms underlying action cognitive attributes, advancing field neuroscience.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Reconfigurations of cortical manifold structure during reward-based motor learning DOI Creative Commons

Qasem Nick,

Daniel J. Gale, Corson N. Areshenkoff

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

Adaptive motor behavior depends on the coordinated activity of multiple neural systems distributed across brain. While role sensorimotor cortex in learning has been well established, how higher-order brain interact with to guide is less understood. Using functional MRI, we examined human during a reward-based task where subjects learned shape their hand trajectories through reinforcement feedback. We projected patterns cortical and striatal connectivity onto low-dimensional manifold space regions expanded contracted along learning. During early learning, found that several areas dorsal attention network exhibited increased covariance salience/ventral reduced default mode (DMN). late these effects reversed, now exhibiting DMN areas. However, posteromedial showed opposite pattern phases, its suggesting coordinating different networks over time. Our results establish changes support identify distinct transitions coupling transmodal when adapting behavior.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Exploring the embodied mind: functional connectome fingerprinting of meditation expertise DOI Open Access
Sébastien Czajko, Jelle Zorn, Raymond P. Perry

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

Short mindfulness-based interventions have gained traction in research due to their positive impact on well-being, cognition, and clinical symptoms across various settings. However, these short-term trainings are viewed as preliminary steps within a more extensive transformative path, presumably leading long-lasting trait changes. Despite this, little is still known about the brain correlates of meditation traits. To address this gap, we investigated neural expertise long-term Buddhist practitioners, comparing large-scale functional connectivity 28 expert meditators with 47 matched novices. Our hypothesis posited that would be associated specific enduring patterns present during both meditative (open monitoring/open presence loving-kindness compassion meditations) non-meditative resting states, measured by gradients. finding revealed trend toward overall contraction gradient cognitive hierarchy experts versus novices open meditation. The signature was further characterized an increased integration networks, including somatomotor, dorsal ventral attention, limbic frontoparietal which correlated higher ability create psychological distance thoughts emotions. Applying support vector classifier states not included training, successfully decoded trait, demonstrating its non-state-dependent nature. Such heightened bodily maps affective attentional networks could point embodied cognition cultivated contemplative practices.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Reconfigurations of cortical manifold structure during reward-based motor learning DOI Creative Commons

Qasem Nick,

Daniel J. Gale, Corson N. Areshenkoff

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: June 25, 2024

Adaptive motor behavior depends on the coordinated activity of multiple neural systems distributed across brain. While role sensorimotor cortex in learning has been well established, how higher-order brain interact with to guide is less understood. Using functional MRI, we examined human during a reward-based task where subjects learned shape their hand trajectories through reinforcement feedback. We projected patterns cortical and striatal connectivity onto low-dimensional manifold space regions expanded contracted along learning. During early learning, found that several areas dorsal attention network exhibited increased covariance salience/ventral reduced default mode (DMN). late these effects reversed, now exhibiting DMN areas. However, posteromedial showed opposite pattern phases, its suggesting coordinating different networks over time. Our results establish changes support identify distinct transitions coupling transmodal when adapting behavior.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
ENIGMA-Meditation: Worldwide consortium for neuroscientific investigations of meditation practices DOI
Saampras Ganesan, Fernando A. Barrios, Ishaan Batta

et al.

Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Relating sex differences in cortical and hippocampal microstructure to sex hormones DOI Open Access
Svenja Küchenhoff, Şeyma Bayrak, Rachel G. Zsido

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 2, 2023

Abstract Sex hormone receptors are expressed widely in both neurons and glial cells, which allows them to interact with the brain’s major cell groups via several molecular mechanisms. These mechanisms lead sex differences brain structure as well hormone-induced plasticity female across menstrual cycle. Adding literature on volumetric changes cortical structure, here we set out investigate microstructure of human cortex relation hormones. We assessed regional variation a function sex, hormonal status receptor gene expression distribution based quantitative intracortical profiling vivo using magnetic resonance imaging T1w/T2w ratio 992 healthy females males Human Connectome Project young adult sample. demonstrate that isocortex hippocampus differs regionally between females, this effect varies levels implicated regions overlap estrogen steroid synthesis expression. Lastly, show related variations most pronounced areas low laminar complexity (agranular cortex), also predicted be plastic their cytoarchitectural properties. Together, our data thus suggestive hippocampal microstructure, modulatory hormones these measures. Albeit correlative, study underscores importance incorporating variables into investigation plasticity.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Differential increase of hippocampal subfield volume after socio-affective mental training relates to reductions in diurnal cortisol DOI Creative Commons
Sofie L. Valk, Veronika Engert, Lara Puhlmann

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 12, 2023

The hippocampus is a central modulator of the HPA-axis, impacting regulation stress on brain structure, function, and behavior. current study assessed whether three different types 3 months mental Training Modules geared towards nurturing (a) attention-based mindfulness, (b) socio-affective, or (c) socio-cognitive skills may impact hippocampal organization by reducing stress. We evaluated training-induced changes in subfield volume intrinsic functional connectivity, combining longitudinal structural resting-state fMRI connectivity analysis 332 healthy adults. related these to diurnal chronic cortisol levels. observed increases bilateral cornu ammonis (CA1-3) following compassion-based module targeting socio-affective (Affect module), as compared (Perspective module) waitlist cohort with no training intervention. Structural were paralleled relative CA1-3 when fostering skills. Furthermore, structure function consistently correlated reductions output. Notably, using multivariate approach, we found that other subfields did not show group-level also contributed Overall, provide link between socio-emotional behavioural intervention,

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Reshaped functional connectivity gradients in acute ischemic stroke DOI Creative Commons
Cemal Koba, Joan Falcó-Roget, Alessandro Crimi

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 25, 2024

ABSTRACT Ischemic brain stroke disrupts blood flow, leading to functional and structural changes associated with behavioral deficits. Importantly, despite this disruption occurring in localized regions, the resulting organization are both high-dimensional widespread across human cortex. However, mechanisms which these global patterns emerge subsequent deficits they entail, remain largely unexplored. Functional connectivity gradients provide consistent, reproducible, robust low-dimensional representations of function that can be explored reduce heterogeneity a handful axes along is organized. Here, we investigated how canonical gradient space by aligning each patient control-averaged embedding computing distances “correct” positions quantify deviations their contribution explicitly corrected for stroke-induced hemodynamic lags further study contribution. We found lag correction enhanced most prominently second gradient, on visual somatomotor concentrated. Additionally, identified significant primarily within somatomotor, visual, ventral attention networks, correlating impairments. studied hemispheric asymmetries finding intact hemispheres preserve comparable asymmetry while damaged ones presented important changes. Lastly, right-sided lesions displayed more than contralateral lesions. Overall, evidence 1) correcting improves accuracy, as indicated increased percentages explained variance, 2) impairments result from repositioning region-based profiles low-dimensional, interpretable space. This suggests large-scale alterations manifest slight, predictable movements confined visual-somatomotor axis.

Language: Английский

Citations

0