Effects of Free-Ranging Livestock on Occurrences and Interspecific Interactions of a Wildlife Community in the Forest DOI

zhangmin Chen,

Kexin Peng,

Xuxiang Lv

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The impact of livestock-driven habitat degradation and land use change on wildlife is a global conservation concern, especially in forest ecosystems. Previous research has mainly focused flagship species or some selected species. However, how the presence livestock affects occurrences interspecific interactions communities remains largely unexplored. In this study, we conducted systematic camera trapping at 129 sites within central portion Giant Panda National Park China to assess relationships between 21 sympatric By using joint distribution model, fitted null model constrained investigate distinction spatial relationship (as raw associations) residual associations). comparison associations suggested that relying solely evaluate grazing impacts would be influenced by preferences. results revealed broad negative wild species, for medium herbivores medium-to-large omnivores which exhibit stronger with livestock. Overall, our study emphasized free-ranging exerts effects whole animal community. Thus, recommend policy management measures mitigate pressures wildlife.

Language: Английский

Decades of leopard coexistence in the Himalayas driven by ecological dynamics, not climate change DOI Creative Commons
Paras B. Singh, Pradip Saud, Prakash Chandra Aryal

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 57, P. e03401 - e03401

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Habitat overlap and interspecific competition between snow leopards and leopards in the Central Himalayas of Nepal DOI Creative Commons
Narayan Prasad Koju,

Paul J. Buzzard,

Arati Shrestha

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 52, P. e02953 - e02953

Published: April 16, 2024

Traditionally, leopards (Panthera pardus) and snow (P. uncia) occupy distinct habitats. This study explored the coexistence of within Gaurishankar Conservation Area in Lapchi Valley, Nepal. Both leopard species are crucial for ecosystem stability as apex predators. Camera trapping data from 2018 to 2023 confirmed twenty wild mammals two domesticated livestock where have strong spatio-temporal overlap (Δ=0.74) with leopards. Snow exhibited temporal patterns before after leopards' arrival area. Generalized Linear Mixed Effect Models (GLMM) revealed seasonal prey-type associations presence, highlighting preference cold season prey. Leopards, however, did not show a significant preference. The findings highlight Valley's ecological richness well need comprehensive conservation strategies. record spatial between provides important insights into behavioral dynamics predators targeted biodiversity face changing ecosystems. emphasizes valley's transboundary significance, calling collaborative efforts Nepal China help promote effective management. isolation, traditional religious importance, recent infrastructure developments further impact challenges.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
What is a snow leopard? Behavior and ecology DOI

Joseph L. Fox,

Raghunandan S. Chundawat,

Shannon Kachel

et al.

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 15 - 29

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Effects of free-ranging livestock on occurrences and interspecific interactions of a wildlife community in a temperate forest DOI Creative Commons

Zhangmin Chen,

Kexin Peng,

Xuxiang Lv

et al.

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50, P. e02826 - e02826

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Due to a dramatic increase in livestock, the impact of grazing on animal communities is global conservation concern, especially temperate forests. Recognizing interaction between livestock and wildlife essential for developing more effective holistic strategies sustainable management. In this study, we conducted systematic camera trapping at 129 sites within central portion Giant Panda National Park China assess interspecific relationships 21 sympatric wild species. Using joint species distribution model, fitted null model constrained investigate distinction spatial relationship (as raw associations) interactions residual associations). The results associations showed that exhibited significant positive co-occurrence with Temminck's tragopan, Himalayan porcupine, Chinese serow, Reeves's muntjac, forest musk-deer (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, negative greater hog badger, giant panda, goral, Sichuan takin variance partitioning environmental covariates explained 77.1 % pattern, 35.5 variation attributed geography (including elevation, slope aspect), 22.2 distance from settlement. After accounting filtering, revealed there were no posterior probabilities any > 0.05), indicating strong evidence wildlife. Since source income residents, management policies should not prohibit all practices.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Camera trapping reveals habitat overlap between snow leopards and common leopards in Gaurishankar Conservation Area, Nepal. DOI Creative Commons
Madhu Chetri, Purna Bahadur Ale, Morten Odden

et al.

Snow Leopard Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Oct. 15, 2023

We provide camera trap records of the presence two large predators: snow leopard Panthera uncia and common pardus from same habitats in Lapchi Valley Gaurishankar Conservation Area. Camera traps were laid for 2,304 (mean 88.62 Å} SD 103.34) nights 26 locations (elevation range: 2,140 to 4,350 m, area: 141.63 km2). A total 55, 219 pictures recorded November 2022 May 2023. Out stations, stations captured images both species at an altitude 4,000 m 4,260 Valley. The Relative Abundance Indices leopards 7.51 6.35 9.84 per 100 days/nights, independent detection rates 0.41 0.52 respectively. This is first evidence habitat overlap between vulnerable predators nature coexistence or competition these needs further investigation.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Extreme in Every Way: Exceedingly Low Genetic Diversity in Snow Leopards Due to Persistently Small Population Size DOI Open Access
Katherine A. Solari, Simon Morgan, Andrey Poyarkov

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 15, 2023

Abstract Snow leopards ( Panthera uncia ) serve as an umbrella species whose conservation benefits their high-elevation Asian habitat. Their numbers are believed to be in decline due numerous Anthropogenic threats; however, is hindered by knowledge gaps. They the least studied genetically of all big cat with more learn regarding population structure, historical size, and current levels genetic diversity. Here, we use whole-genome sequencing data for 41 snow (37 newly sequenced) offer new insights into these unresolved questions. Among our samples, find evidence a primary divide between northern southern part range around Dzungarian Basin, previously identified, secondary south Kyrgyzstan Taklamakan Desert. Most noteworthy, that have lowest diversity any species, persistently small size (relative other species) throughout evolutionary history rather than recent inbreeding. Without large or ample standing variation help buffer them from forthcoming challenges, leopard persistence may tenuous currently appreciated.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Snow Leopards Exhibit Non-Stationarity in Scale-Dependent Habitat Selection between Two National Protected Areas in China DOI

Guoliang Pan,

Ho Yi Wan, Bo Luan

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The rapidly changing environments resulting from anthropogenic activities and climate change present challenges to biodiversity protection efforts. China, in its pursuit of sustainable economic growth urban development, grapple with the increasing challenge designating national protected areas for conservation a proactive ecologically effective manner. In this study, we collected occurrence data snow leopard (Panthera uncia), species high concern, A'nyamaqen Bortala China's Qinghai Xinjiang provinces, respectively. Using random forest analysis, conducted multi-scale habitat selection modeling quantify compared habitats between two sites. Three models were created utilizing either Qinghai, Xinjiang, or combination both sites, enabling investigation nonstationarity limiting factors different landscapes. Although there minor differences variable ranking optimal scales among models, they consistently indicated strong negative relationship proximity roads suitability at broader scales. These findings provide insights into spatially varying leading divergent realized niches parts their Chinese range. Understanding these context-dependent preferences is vital assessing impact infrastructure development on populations. Overall, study underscores importance understanding face environments. contribute ongoing efforts emphasize need adaptive approaches that address posed by environmental transformations. By integrating spatial analysis techniques, enhanced our ecology, strategies China beyond.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Snow leopards exhibit non-stationarity in scale-dependent habitat selection between two national protected areas in China DOI Creative Commons

Guoliang Pan,

Ho Yi Wan, David R. Nash

et al.

Ecological Modelling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 494, P. 110759 - 110759

Published: June 8, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Impact of Climate Change on Snow Leopards in the Himalayas DOI Creative Commons

Danning Zhu

MedScien, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(5)

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Nowadays, there are no more than 8000 snow leopards worldwide. Habitat loss and habitat fragmentation, reduced prey numbers, etc., have become the main reasons for decline in leopards, leading to extinction of leopards. Many current studies focusing on distribution, behavior, threats they meet. But even though we know well tried our best protect them, still facing some threats, such as climate change. This article how change acts Himalayas, which is change, affects Climate causes warming, changes precipitation, glaciers retreating Himalayas. These reduce area leopards’ territories decrease number prey. Therefore, cubs’ fertility survival rates decline, exacerbating extinction.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A new dawn? Population baselines of snow leopards and other mammals of the Kishtwar High Altitude National Park, India DOI Creative Commons
Munib Khanyari, Oyndrila Sanyal, Pankaj Chandan

et al.

Integrative Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Abstract Accurately assessing the status of threatened species requires reliable population estimates. Despite this necessity, only a small proportion global distribution range vulnerable snow leopard ( Panthera uncia ) has been systematically sampled. The Indian section Greater Himalayas, which includes Kishtwar High Altitude National Park (KHANP), harbours potential habitat. Nevertheless, there limited ecological and conservation research focusing on that are specific to KHANP, as well broader biodiversity Himalayas. We used Spatially Explicit Capture‐Recapture (SECR) models provide—to our knowledge—the first robust density abundance estimates from KHANP. also provide Relative Abundance Index (RAI) for non‐volant mammals (excluding rodents). Our study sampled three catchments within Dachhan region KHANP—Kibber, Nanth Kiyar—using 44 cameras over 45‐day period between May June 2023. identified four unique individuals across 15 detections in nine camera locations. SECR analysis estimated 0.50 leopards per 100 km 2 (95% confidence interval: 0.13–1.86), corresponding an individual (4–9) adults. Camera trapping revealed total 16 mammal species, including endangered Kashmir musk deer Moschus cupreus ). Marmots Marmota caudata had highest RAI 21.3 (±0.2). Although area relatively wide 95% intervals, combined results densities RAIs prey such ibex marmots indicate KHANP is potentially important leopards. Given geopolitical history Jammu India, where located, wildlife remains low priority. hope encourages authorities support further research. This initial step towards evaluating landscape under Government India's Project Snow Leopard.

Language: Английский

Citations

0