DNA Research,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
28(5)
Published: July 2, 2021
Small
open
reading
frames
(small
ORFs/sORFs/smORFs)
are
potentially
coding
sequences
smaller
than
100
codons
that
have
historically
been
considered
junk
DNA
by
gene
prediction
software
and
in
annotation
screening;
however,
the
advent
of
next-generation
sequencing
has
contributed
to
deeper
investigation
regions
their
transcription
products,
resulting
emergence
smORFs
as
a
new
focus
interest
systems
biology.
Several
smORF
peptides
were
recently
reported
non-canonical
mRNAs
players
numerous
biological
contexts;
relevance
is
still
overlooked
potential
analysis.
Hence,
this
review
proposes
classification
based
on
transcriptional
features,
discussing
most
promising
approaches
investigate
different
characteristics.
First,
divided
into
non-expressed
(intergenic)
expressed
(genic)
smORFs.
Second,
genic
classified
located
non-coding
RNAs
(ncRNAs)
or
canonical
mRNAs.
Finally,
ncRNAs
further
subdivided
small
long
RNAs,
whereas
several
specific
classes
depending
localization
along
gene.
We
hope
provides
insights
large-scale
annotations
reinforces
role
essential
components
hidden
world.
OncoTargets and Therapy,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 13, P. 2067 - 2092
Published: March 1, 2020
Abstract:
Circular
RNA
(circRNA)
is
an
intriguing
class
of
with
covalently
closed-loop
structure
and
highly
stable
conservative.
As
new
members
the
ncRNAs,
function,
mechanism,
potential
diagnostic
biomarker,
therapeutic
target
have
raised
increased
attention.
Most
circRNAs
are
presented
characteristics
abundance,
stability,
conservatism,
often
exhibiting
tissue/developmental-stage-specific
manner.
Over
30,000
been
identified
their
unique
structures
to
maintain
stability
more
easily
than
linear
RNAs.
An
numbers
dysregulated
involved
in
several
biological
processes
malignance,
such
as
tumorigenesis,
growth,
invasion,
metastasis,
apoptosis,
vascularization.
Emerging
evidence
suggests
that
play
important
roles
by
acting
miRNA
sponge
or
protein
scaffolding,
autophagy
regulators,
interacting
RNA-binding
(RBP),
which
may
potentially
serve
a
novel
promising
biomarker
for
prevention,
diagnosis
treatment
human
cancer
great
significance
either
scientific
research
clinic
arena.
This
review
introduces
concept,
major
features
circRNAs,
mainly
describes
functions
clinical
relevance
well
expressions
regulatory
mechanisms
various
types
cancer,
including
pathogenesis,
mode
action,
target,
signaling
pathways,
drug
resistance,
biomarkers.
All
provide
utilities
cancer.
Keywords:
circRNA,
sponge,
gene
splicing
transcription,
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
8
Published: Jan. 25, 2021
Osteoporosis
is
a
metabolic
disease
characterized
by
decreased
bone
mineral
density
and
the
destruction
of
microstructure,
which
can
lead
to
increased
fragility
risk
fracture.
In
recent
years,
with
deepening
research
on
pathological
mechanism
osteoporosis,
epigenetics
has
made
significant
progress.
Epigenetics
refers
changes
in
gene
expression
levels
that
are
not
caused
sequences,
mainly
including
DNA
methylation,
histone
modification,
non-coding
RNAs
(lncRNA,
microRNA,
circRNA).
play
post-transcriptional
regulatory
role
have
important
functions
biological
signal
network.
Studies
shown
epigenetic
mechanisms
closely
related
osteogenic
differentiation,
osteogenesis,
remodeling
other
metabolism-related
processes.
Abnormal
regulation
series
diseases,
such
as
osteoporosis.
Considering
metabolism,
we
review
progress
(DNA
RNAs)
differentiation
pathogenesis
osteoporosis
provide
new
direction
for
treatment
diseases.
Cell Proliferation,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
52(6)
Published: Oct. 16, 2019
Abstract
Intervertebral
disc
degeneration
(IDD)
is
a
common
cause
of
low
back
pain,
which
inflicts
more
global
disability
than
any
other
condition.
Although
IDD
was
deemed
to
be
natural
process
that
comes
with
ageing,
growing
body
evidence
suggested
both
genetic
and
environmental
factors
could
modify
the
development
IDD.
In
this
connection,
aberrant
function
nucleus
pulposus
cells
has
been
implicated
in
pathogenesis.
Circular
RNAs
are
novel
class
endogenous
non‐coding
play
crucial
regulatory
roles
diverse
cellular
processes.
Recently,
deregulation
circRNAs
found
functionally
participate
development.
review,
we
summarize
current
knowledge
regarding
relation
their
actions
on
cell
functions,
including
proliferation,
apoptosis
extracellular
matrix
synthesis/degradation.
The
potential
clinical
utilities
as
therapeutic
targets
for
management
also
discussed.
Frontiers in Oncology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: May 15, 2020
Circular
RNAs
(circRNAs),
which
act
as
initial
factors
and
promoters
in
different
diseases,
are
noncoding
(ncRNAs)
eukaryotes.
Accumulating
studies
have
proven
that
dysregulation
of
circRNAs
is
relevant
to
the
occurrence
development
multiple
cancers.
circHIPK3,
a
member
circRNA,
frequently
expressed
many
such
diabetes,
age-related
cataract,
idiopathic
pulmonary
fibrosis,
preeclampsia,
osteoblasts
retinal
vascular
dysfunction,
leading
disease
progression.
In
addition,
circHIPK3
also
serves
an
essential
role
cancer.
current
studies,
circHIPK3-related
cancers
been
identified,
including
nasopharyngeal
carcinoma,
gallbladder
cancer,
lung
hepatocellular
osteosarcoma,
glioma,
colorectal
ovarian
bladder
prostate
gastric
oral
squamous
cell
carcinoma
chronic
myeloid
leukemia.
This
review
demonstrates
recent
literature
on
biological
functions
expounds
molecular
mechanisms
abovementioned
malignant
tumors.
Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
26, P. 1291 - 1302
Published: Nov. 10, 2021
The
majority
of
the
non-protein-coding
RNAs
are
being
identified
with
diversified
functions
that
participate
in
cellular
homeostasis.
circular
(circRNAs)
emerging
as
noncoding
transcripts
a
key
role
initiation
and
development
many
physiological
pathological
conditions.
advancements
high-throughput
RNA
sequencing
bioinformatics
tools
help
us
to
identify
several
circRNA
regulatory
pathways,
one
which
is
microRNA
(miRNA)-mediated
regulation.
Besides
direct
influence
over
mRNA
transcription,
can
also
control
target's
expression
via
sponging
miRNAs
or
RNA-binding
proteins.
Studies
have
demonstrated
dysregulation
circRNA-miRNA-mRNA
interaction
network
pathogenesis
diseases,
including
diabetes.
This
intricate
mechanism
associated
diabetes
its
complications.
review
will
focus
on
influences
gene
progression
Briefings in Bioinformatics,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Oct. 27, 2021
Abstract
Increasing
evidences
have
proved
that
circRNA
plays
a
significant
role
in
the
development
of
many
diseases.
In
addition,
researches
shown
can
be
considered
as
potential
biomarker
for
clinical
diagnosis
and
treatment
disease.
Some
computational
methods
been
proposed
to
predict
circRNA-disease
associations.
However,
performance
these
is
limited
sparsity
low-order
interaction
information.
this
paper,
we
propose
new
method
(KGANCDA)
associations
based
on
knowledge
graph
attention
network.
The
graphs
are
constructed
by
collecting
multiple
relationship
data
among
circRNA,
disease,
miRNA
lncRNA.
Then,
network
designed
obtain
embeddings
each
entity
distinguishing
importance
information
from
neighbors.
Besides
neighbor
information,
it
also
capture
high-order
multisource
associations,
which
alleviates
problem
sparsity.
Finally,
multilayer
perceptron
applied
affinity
score
experiment
results
show
KGANCDA
outperforms
than
other
state-of-the-art
5-fold
cross
validation.
Furthermore,
case
study
demonstrates
an
effective
tool
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
21(1)
Published: Feb. 28, 2022
Abstract
Background
Circular
RNAs
play
an
important
role
in
tumor
genesis
and
progression,
but
they
have
not
been
sufficiently
studied
patients
with
nasopharyngeal
carcinoma
(NPC).
Methods
The
circular
RNA,
circCAMSAP1,
was
screened
NPC
cells
by
RNA
sequencing
analysis.
expression
of
circCAMSAP1
tissues
examined
real-time
quantitative
polymerase
chain
reaction
(RT-qPCR)
situ
hybridization.
Wound-healing,
transwell,
MTT
flow
cytometry
assays,
nude
mouse
models
were
used
to
explore
the
effect
on
proliferation
metastasis
vitro
or
vivo.
downstream
proteins
regulated
using
mass
spectrometry.
interaction
between
SERPINH1
mRNA
identified
immunoprecipitation
method
luciferase
reporter
assay.
transcription
factor
c-Myc
verified
through
Co-immunoprecipitation
(Co-IP)
immunofluorescence.
generation
RT-qPCR
chromatin
immunoprecipitation.
Finally,
splicing
factors
that
promote
production
explored
(RIP).
Results
We
found
highly
expressed
promoted
metastasis.
Additionally,
improved
stability
binding
3′-untranslated
region
(3’UTR)
.
Highly
reduced
ubiquitination-degradation
rate
c-Myc,
causing
increased
tumorigenesis.
Meanwhile,
cooperating
10
(SRSF10),
could
also
CAMSAP1
pre-mRNA
back-splicing,
forming
a
positive
feedback
production,
resulting
NPC.
Conclusions
Our
findings
revealed
promotes
3’UTR
,
suggesting
-SERPINH1-c-Myc
may
serve
as
prognostic
biomarker
therapeutic
target
International Journal of Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(5), P. 1543 - 1563
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
N6-Methyladenosine
(m6A)
is
the
most
prevalent
RNA
modification
in
various
types
of
RNA,
including
circular
RNAs
(circRNAs).Mounting
evidence
has
shown
that
circRNAs
may
play
critical
roles
diverse
malignancies.However,
biological
relevance
m6A
prostate
cancer
(PCa)
remains
unclear
and
needs
to
be
elucidated.Our
data
showed
circRBM33
was
m6A-modified
more
highly
expressed
PCa
cells
than
normal
cells/tissues.The
vitro
vivo
experiments
downregulation/upregulation
inhibited/promoted
tumour
growth
invasion,
respectively.Decreasing
levels
rescued
tumour-promoting
effect
circRBM33.Additionally,
once
modified
by
m6A,
interacts
with
FMR1
forming
a
binary
complex
sustains
mRNA
stability
PDHA1,
downstream
target
gene.Suppressed/overexpressed
lowered/enhanced
ATP
production,
acetyl-CoA
NADH/NAD
+
ratio.Moreover,
depletion
significantly
increased
response
sensitivity
androgen
receptor
signalling
inhibitor
(ARSI)
therapy,
enzalutamide
darolutamide,
tumours.Our
study
suggested
m6A-mediated
circRBM33-FMR1
can
activate
mitochondrial
metabolism
stabilizing
PDHA1
mRNA,
which
promotes
progression,
attenuate
ARSI
effectiveness
treatment.This
newly
discovered
circRNA
serve
as
potential
therapeutic
for
PCa.