MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level through base-pairing predominantly with a 3’-untranslated region of target mRNA, followed by mRNA degradation or translational repression. Totally, miRNAs change, through a complex regulatory network, the expression of more than 60% of human genes. MiRNAs are key regulators of the immune response that affect maturation, proliferation, differentiation, and activation of immune cells, as well as antibody secretion and release of inflammatory mediators. Disruption of this regulation may lead to the development of various pathological conditions, including autoimmune inflammation. This review summarizes the data on biogenesis …
Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(1)
Published: July 2, 2024
Abstract
Background
Small
RNA
molecules
known
as
microRNAs
(miRNAs)
regulate
gene
expression
during
the
post-translational
steps.
miRNAs
are
essential
for
many
physiological
processes,
such
cell
division,
growth,
and
proliferation,
well
development
metabolism.
Aims
To
review
developments
in
investigations
on
miR-155
miR-146a
possible
biomarkers
multiple
sclerosis
(MS)
disease
diagnosis
prognosis.
Methods
A
comprehensive
analysis
of
available
literature
was
carried
out
by
searching
databases
including
PubMed,
Scopus,
Web
Science
papers
published
between
2011
2023
years.
Only
original
articles
written
English
language
were
considered
inclusion
this
review.
Results
total
29
studies
initially
identified,
with
14
meeting
criteria.
Conclusion
The
present
study
underscores
crucial
role
microRNAs,
particularly
miR-146a,
etiology
progression
(MS).
Through
an
extensive
literature,
we
have
found
compelling
evidence
linking
aberrations
function
these
to
MS
pathogenesis.
Specifically,
our
synthesis
suggests
that
hold
promise
valuable
both
prognosis
MS.
Despite
challenges
posed
heterogeneity
subtypes,
non-invasive
accessibility
various
bodily
fluids,
serum,
peripheral
blood,
cerebrospinal
fluid,
extracellular
vesicles,
presents
a
promising
avenue
robust
diagnostic
prognostic
tools.
By
elucidating
intricate
roles
MS,
findings
contribute
advancing
understanding
mechanisms
pave
way
more
effective
therapeutic
strategies.
Journal of Periodontology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
90(4), P. 391 - 399
Published: Oct. 31, 2018
Abstract
Background
Human
periodontal
ligament
fibroblasts
(HPDLFs)
represent
the
first
line
of
defense
against
pathogens
in
tissue.
Porphyromonas
gingivialis
(
P.
gingivalis
)
has
been
known
to
be
most
strongly
associated
with
periodontitis.
MicroRNA
(miR)‐146a
is
involved
inflammatory
regulation
However,
regulatory
mechanism
miR‐146a
on
‐induced
inflammation
response
HPDLFs
was
still
unclear.
The
aim
this
study
investigate
whether
plays
a
key
role
gingvalis
responses
through
TRAF6
HPDLFs.
Methods
MiR‐146a
expression
measured
by
real‐time
polymerase
chain
reaction
(PCR)
stimulated
and
its
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS).
IL‐1ß,
IL‐6,
IL‐8
were
determined
enzyme‐linked
immunosorbent
assay
(ELISA)
culture
supernatants
after
transfected
mimic
or
inhibitor.
Meanwhile,
PCR
Western
blot.
Then,
we
used
luciferase
reporter
detect
binds
3′‐UTR
TRAF6.
By
using
small
interfering
RNA
(siRNA)
TRAF6,
phosphorylation
p38
mitogen‐activated
protein
kinase
(MAPK)
Finally,
inhibition
HPDLFs,
analyzed
upon
challenge.
Results
LPS
significantly
induced
Overexpression
suppressed
IL‐6
secretion,
expression,
phosphorylation.
In
contrast,
levels
these
indexes
increased
miR‐146a.
Furthermore,
directly
but
not
stimulation.
Suppression
could
inhibit
p38.
abolished
upregulation
Conclusions
contribute
negative
proinflammatory
cytokines
secretion
though
TRAF6/p38
MAPK
pathway.
Maintaining
homeostasis
controlling
tissues.
