iScience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
26(10), С. 107865 - 107865
Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2023
The
circadian
rhythm
pacemaker,
the
suprachiasmatic
nucleus
(SCN),
mediates
light
entrainment
via
vasoactive
intestinal
peptide
(VIP)
neurons
(SCNVIP).
Yet,
how
these
uniquely
respond
and
connect
to
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cells
(ipRGCs)
expressing
melanopsin
(Opn4)
has
not
been
determined
functionally
in
freely
behaving
animals.
To
address
this,
we
first
used
monosynaptic
tracing
from
SCNVIP
mice
identified
two
subpopulations.
Second,
recorded
calcium
changes
response
ambient
light,
at
both
bulk
single-cell
levels,
found
unique
activity
patterns
high-
low-intensity
blue
light.
of
subpopulations
could
be
manipulated
by
application
an
Opn4
antagonist.
These
results
suggest
that
types
Opn4-expressing
ipRGCs,
likely
M1
M2,
but
only
one
is
responsive
red
findings
have
important
implications
for
our
basic
understanding
non-image-forming
processing.
Biochemical Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
191, С. 114304 - 114304
Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2020
Daylight
is
ubiquitous
and
crucial
for
mammalian
vision
as
well
non-visual
input
to
the
brain
via
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cells
(ipRGCs)
that
express
photopigment
melanopsin.
The
ipRGCs
project
circadian
clock
in
suprachiasmatic
nuclei
thereby
ensure
entrainment
24-hour
day-night
cycle,
changes
daylength
trigger
appropriate
seasonal
behaviours.
also
perihabenular
nucleus
surrounding
regions
modulate
mood,
stress
learning
animals
humans.
Given
light
has
strong
direct
effects
on
cognition,
alertness,
performance,
sleep,
can
be
considered
a
"drug"
treat
many
clinical
conditions.
Light
therapy
already
established
winter
other
depressions
sleep
disorders.
Beyond
visual
retina,
daylight
contributes
prevent
myopia
young
by
its
impact
eye
development,
important
Vitamin
D
synthesis
bone
health
skin.
sun
most
powerful
source
and,
dependent
dose,
ultraviolet
radiance
toxic
living
organisms
used
disinfectant.
Most
research
involves
laboratory-based
electric
light,
without
dynamic
spectral
undergoes
moment
moment.
There
gap
between
importance
of
human
beings
amount
being
done
this
subject.
taken
granted
an
environmental
factor,
enjoyed
or
avoided,
according
More
awareness
architecture
urban
design
beyond
aesthetic
values
comfort
may
lead
higher
quality
work
environments.
Although
we
do
not
yet
have
factual
basis
assumption
natural
overall
"better"
than
debate
mandates
serious
consideration
sunlight
just
solar
power
but
biologically
necessary
sustainable
healthy
living.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
37(1), С. 109792 - 109792
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2021
Rapid
alternations
between
exploration
and
defensive
reactions
require
ongoing
risk
assessment.
How
visual
cues
internal
states
flexibly
modulate
the
selection
of
behaviors
remains
incompletely
understood.
Here,
we
show
that
ventral
lateral
geniculate
nucleus
(vLGN)-a
major
retinorecipient
structure-is
a
critical
node
in
network
controlling
to
threats.
We
find
vLGN
Light
modulates
mood
through
various
retina-brain
pathways.
We
showed
that
mice
treated
with
short-term
acute
bright
light
exposure
displayed
anxiety-related
phenotypes
in
a
prolonged
manner
even
after
the
termination
of
exposure.
Such
postexposure
anxiogenic
effect
depended
upon
melanopsin-based
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cell
(ipRGC)
activities
rather
than
rod/cone
photoreceptor
inputs.
Chemogenetic
manipulation
specific
central
nuclei
demonstrated
ipRGC-central
amygdala
(CeA)
visual
circuit
played
key
role
this
effect.
The
corticosterone
system
was
likely
to
be
involved
effect,
as
evidenced
by
enhanced
expression
glucocorticoid
receptor
(GR)
protein
CeA
and
bed
nucleus
stria
terminalis
absence
animals
GR
antagonist.
Together,
our
findings
reveal
non-image
forming
specifically
designed
for
"the
delayed"
extinction
anxiety
against
potential
threats,
thus
conferring
survival
advantage.
Science Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
14(674)
Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2022
Green
light
exposure
has
been
shown
to
reduce
pain
in
animal
models.
Here,
we
report
a
vision-associated
enkephalinergic
neural
circuit
responsible
for
green
light–mediated
analgesia.
Full-field
at
an
intensity
of
10
lux
produced
analgesic
effects
healthy
mice
and
model
arthrosis.
Ablation
cone
photoreceptors
completely
inhibited
the
effect,
whereas
rod
ablation
only
partially
reduced
relief.
The
effect
was
not
modulated
by
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cells
(ipRGCs),
which
are
atypical
that
control
various
nonvisual
light.
Inhibition
retino–ventrolateral
geniculate
nucleus
(vLGN)
pathway
abolished
effects.
Activation
this
nociceptive
behavioral
responses;
such
activation
blocked
inhibition
proenkephalin
(Penk)–positive
neurons
vLGN
(vLGN
Penk
).
Moreover,
analgesia
prevented
knockdown
or
neurons.
In
addition,
projections
from
dorsal
raphe
(DRN)
sufficient
suppress
behaviors,
its
Our
findings
indicate
cone-dominated
inputs
mediated
through
-DRN
suggest
signaling
could
be
exploited
reducing
pain.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
39(13), С. 111003 - 111003
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022
Image-
and
non-image-forming
vision
are
essential
for
animal
behavior.
Here
we
use
genetically
modified
mouse
lines
to
examine
retinal
circuits
driving
image-
non-image-functions.
We
describe
the
outer
underlying
pupillary
light
response
(PLR)
circadian
photoentrainment,
two
behaviors.
Rods
cones
signal
increments
decrements
through
ON
OFF
pathways,
respectively.
find
that
pathway
drives
image-forming
but
cannot
drive
photoentrainment
or
PLR.
Cone
responses
image
formation
fail
At
photopic
levels,
rods
primary
secondary
rod
pathways
PLR,
whereas
at
scotopic
mesopic
is
insufficient.
Circuit
dynamics
allow
behaviors
across
a
wide
range
of
intensities,
potentially
restricted
formation.
Bioengineered,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12(2), С. 10187 - 10198
Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2021
Glaucoma,
characterized
with
progressive
degeneration
of
retinal
ganglion
cells
(RGCs),
is
the
second
frequently
leading
cause
sight
loss
in
word
after
cataract.
Baicalin
plays
a
protective
role
age-related
macular
degeneration,
retinopathy
prematurity,
branch
vein
occlusion,
and
ischemia-induced
neurodegeneration
retina.
The
present
study
aimed
to
investigate
baicalin
glaucoma.
RGCs
were
stimulated
N-methyl-D-aspartate
(NMDA)
mimic
vitro
model
A
mouse
glaucoma
induced
by
chronic
elevated
intraocular
pressure
was
also
established.
apoptosis,
oxidative
stress,
autophagy
detected
flow
cytometry
analysis,
2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein
diacetate
staining,
Western
blotting,
respectively.
Retinal
pathological
changes
exhibited
hemotoxylin
eosin
staining.
restrained
NMDA-induced
cell
autophagy,
stress
activating
PI3K/AKT
signaling
vitro.
pressure-induced
retinas
mice
attenuated
baicalin.
Moreover,
number
significantly
decreased
mice,
then
increased
treatment.
inhibited
activated
vivo.
In
conclusion,
suppresses
pathogenesis
regulating
Annual Review of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
47(1), С. 303 - 322
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024
Seeing
in
three
dimensions
is
a
major
property
of
the
visual
system
mammals.
The
circuit
underlying
this
begins
retina,
from
which
retinal
ganglion
cells
(RGCs)
extend
to
same
or
opposite
side
brain.
RGC
axons
decussate
form
optic
chiasm,
then
grow
targets
thalamus
and
midbrain,
where
they
synapse
with
neurons
that
project
cortex.
Here
we
review
cellular
molecular
mechanisms
axonal
growth
cone
guidance
across
away
midline
via
receptors
cues
environment.
We
present
new
views
on
specification
ipsi-
contralateral
subpopulations
factors
implementing
their
organization
tract
termination
subregions
targets.
Lastly,
describe
functional
behavioral
aspects
binocular
vision,
focusing
mouse,
discuss
recent
discoveries
evolution
circuit.
