Gut microbes and muscle function: can probiotics make our muscles stronger?

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(3), С. 1460 - 1476

Опубликована: Март 12, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenia, a condition shared by various diseases: can we alleviate or delay the progression?

Internal and Emergency Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(7), С. 1887 - 1895

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2023

Abstract Sarcopenia is a severe condition common to various chronic diseases and it reckoned as major health problem. It encompasses many different molecular mechanisms that have been for while discovered but not definitely clarified. Although sarcopenia disability status leads serious consequences, the scarcity of suitable animal models has curtailed research addressing this disorder. Another limitation in field clinical investigation sarcopenic patients lack generally accepted definition coupled with difficulty adopting diagnostic criteria. In fact, both do permit clarify exact prevalence rate consequently limit physicians establish any kind therapeutical approach or, when possible, adopt preventive measures. Unfortunately, there no standardized cure, apart from doing more physical activity embracing balanced diet, newly substances start being considered. review, authors try give an overview principal pathways offer critical features possible interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota–bile acid–skeletal muscle axis

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 31(3), С. 254 - 269

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2022

The gut microbiota represents a 'metabolic organ' that can regulate human metabolism. Intact contributes to host homeostasis, whereas compositional perturbations, termed dysbiosis, are associated with wide range of diseases. Recent evidence demonstrates and the accompanying loss microbiota-derived metabolites, results in substantial alteration skeletal muscle As an example, bile acids, produced liver further metabolized by intestinal microbiota, considerable interest since they several metabolic pathways activating nuclear receptors, including farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Indeed, may lead atrophy via acid-FXR pathway. This Review aims suggest new pathway connects different mechanisms, involving gut-muscle axis, often seen as unrelated, and, starting from preclinical studies, we hypothesize strategies aimed at optimizing functionality.

Язык: Английский

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Fiber-Type Shifting in Sarcopenia of Old Age: Proteomic Profiling of the Contractile Apparatus of Skeletal Muscles

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 2415 - 2415

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2023

The progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and concomitant reduction in contractile strength plays a central role frailty syndrome. Age-related neuronal impairments are closely associated with sarcopenia the elderly, which is characterized by severe muscular atrophy that can considerably lessen overall quality life at old age. Mass-spectrometry-based proteomic surveys senescent human muscles, as well animal models sarcopenia, have decisively improved our understanding molecular cellular consequences fiber-type shifting during aging. This review outlines spectrometric identification proteome-wide changes atrophying focus on proteins potential markers distribution patterns. observed trend fast-to-slow transitions individual muscles aging process most likely linked to preferential susceptibility fast-twitching fibers atrophy. Studies models, including mostly aged rodent confirmed shifting. analysis fast versus slow isoforms key proteins, such myosin heavy chains, light actins, troponins tropomyosins, suggests them suitable bioanalytical tools

Язык: Английский

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Research advances of microplastics and potential health risks of microplastics on terrestrial higher mammals: a bibliometric analysis and literature review

Environmental Geochemistry and Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 45(6), С. 2803 - 2838

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Cellular Senescence in Sarcopenia: Possible Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2022

Aging promotes most degenerative pathologies in mammals, which are characterized by progressive decline of function at molecular, cellular, tissue, and organismal levels account for a host health care expenditures both developing developed nations. Sarcopenia is prominent age-related disorder musculoskeletal system. Defined as gradual generalized chronic skeletal muscle disorder, sarcopenia involves accelerated loss mass, strength function, associated with increased adverse functional outcomes evolutionally refers to wasting accompanied other geriatric syndromes. More efforts have been made clarify mechanisms underlying new findings suggest that it may be feasible delay modulating fundamental such cellular senescence. Cellular senescence the essentially irreversible growth arrest mainly regulated p53/p21 CIP1 p16 INK4a /pRB pathways organism ages, possibly detrimentally contributing via stem cells (MuSCs) dysfunction senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) while beneficial functions counteracting cancer progression, tissue regeneration wound healing. By now diverse studies mice humans established targeting powerful strategy alleviating sarcopenia. However, through senescent contribute progression need further researched. We review possible involved SASP resulting from senescence, their associations sarcopenia, current emerging therapeutic opportunities based on relevant potential paths clinical interventions genetically or pharmacologically.

Язык: Английский

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Induction of Accelerated Aging in a Mouse Model

Cells, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(9), С. 1418 - 1418

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2022

With the global increase of elderly population, improvement treatment for various aging-related diseases and extension a healthy lifespan have become some most important current medical issues. In order to understand developmental mechanisms aging disorders, animal models are essential conduct relevant studies. Among them, mice one prevalently used model animals studies due their high similarity humans in terms genetic background physiological structure, as well short ease reproduction. This review will discuss common emerging mouse accelerated related chronic recent years, with aim serving reference future application fundamental translational research.

Язык: Английский

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Hallmarks of ageing in human skeletal muscle and implications for understanding the pathophysiology of sarcopenia in women and men

Clinical Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 137(22), С. 1721 - 1751

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Abstract Ageing is a complex biological process associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Nine classic, interdependent hallmarks of ageing have been proposed involving genetic biochemical pathways that collectively influence trajectories susceptibility to pathology in humans. skeletal muscle undergoes profound morphological physiological changes loss strength, mass, function, condition known as sarcopenia. The aetiology sarcopenia whilst research this area growing rapidly, there relative paucity human studies, particularly older women. Here, we evaluate how the nine classic ageing: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication contribute pathophysiology We also highlight five novel particular significance inflammation, neural extracellular matrix reduced vascular perfusion, ionic dyshomeostasis, discuss are interconnected. Their clinical relevance translational potential considered.

Язык: Английский

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CircTmeff1 Promotes Muscle Atrophy by Interacting with TDP‐43 and Encoding A Novel TMEFF1‐339aa Protein

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(17)

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2023

Skeletal muscle atrophy is a common clinical feature of many acute and chronic conditions. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed RNA transcripts that involved in various physiological pathological processes, but their role remains unknown. Global circRNA expression profiling indicated circRNAs the pathophysiological processes atrophy. circTmeff1 identified as potential candidate influences It further highly expressed multiple types vivo vitro. Moreover, overexpression triggers vitro vivo, while knockdown rescues vivo. In particular, partially mass mice during established atrophic settings. Mechanistically, directly interacts with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) promotes aggregation TDP-43 mitochondria, which release mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into cytosol activation cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/ stimulator interferon genes (STING) pathway. Unexpectedly, TMEFF1-339aa novel encoded by mediates its pro-atrophic effects. Collectively, inhibition represents therapeutic approach for skeletal

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenia: Molecular regulatory network for loss of muscle mass and function

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2023

Skeletal muscle is the foundation of human function and plays a key role in producing exercise, bone protection, energy metabolism. Sarcopenia systemic disease, which characterized by degenerative changes skeletal mass, strength, function. Therefore, sarcopenia often causes weakness, prolonged hospitalization, falls other adverse consequences that reduce quality life, even lead to death. In recent years, has become focus in-depth research. Researchers have suggested some molecular mechanisms for according different physiology. These cover neuromuscular junction lesion, imbalance protein synthesis breakdown, satellite cells dysfunction, etc. We summarize latest research progress on mechanism this review order provide new ideas future researchers find valuable therapeutic targets develop relevant prevention strategies.

Язык: Английский

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