Orally Deliverable Sequence-Targeted Fucoxanthin-Loaded Biomimetic Extracellular Vesicles for Alleviation of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(8), С. 9854 - 9867

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess favorable biocompatibility and immunological characteristics, making them optimal carriers for bioactive substances. In this study, an innovative hepatic-targeted vesicle system encapsulating with fucoxanthin (GA-LpEVs-FX) was successfully designed used to alleviate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The formulation entails the self-assembly of EVs derived from Lactobacillus paracasei (LpEVs), modification glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) via amide reaction offering liver-targeting capacity loading (FX) through sonication treatment. vitro experiments demonstrated that GA-LpEVs-FX effectively mitigated hepatic lipid accumulation attenuated reactive oxygen species-induced damage resulting (p < 0.05). vivo, exhibited significant downregulation lipogenesis-related proteins, namely, synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1), sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), subsequently ameliorating metabolism disorders 0.05), stability significantly improved compared free FX. These findings establish a novel utilizing foodborne components disease alleviation.

Язык: Английский

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Could Adverse Effects of Antibiotics Due to Their Use/Misuse Be Linked to Some Mechanisms Related to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(4), С. 1993 - 1993

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, recently re-named metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic is considered the most prevalent disease worldwide. Its molecular initiation events are multiple and not always well-defined, comprising insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation, gut dysbiosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, all of them acting on genetic epigenetic grounds. Nowadays, there a growing public health threat, which antibiotic excessive use misuse. This widespread antibiotics only in humans, but also animals has led to presence residues derived foods, such as milk dairy products. Furthermore, have been used for many decades control certain bacterial diseases high-value fruit vegetables. Recently, it emphasised that antibiotic-induced changes microbial composition reduce diversity alter functional attributes microbiota. These impact human flora, setting motion chain leads straight various alterations can ultimately contribute onset progression NAFLD.

Язык: Английский

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The effect of gut microbiome-targeted therapies in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

The incidence of NAFLD is increasing. Preclinical evidences indicate that modulation the gut microbiome could be a promising target in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A systematic review and network meta-analysis was conducted to compare effect probiotics, synbiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplant, antibiotics on liver-enzyme, metabolic effects liver-specific patients with NAFLD. randomized controlled trails (RCTs), limited English language were searched from database such as Pubmed, Embase, Web science Cochrane Library inception November 2024. Review Manager 5.3 used draw bias risk. Inconsistency test publication-bias assessed by Stata 14.0. Random model assemble direct indirect evidences. intervention presented mean differences 95% confidence interval. total 1921 37 RCTs eventually included our study. 23 evaluated 10 4 3 FMT one RCT antibiotics. Probiotics synbiotics associated significantly reduction alanine aminotransferase [ALT, (MD: -5.09; 95%CI: -9.79, -0.39), -7.38, 95CI%: -11.94, -2.82)] stiffness measurement elastograph [LSM, -0.37;95%CI: -0.49, -0.25), -1.00;95%CI: -1.59, -0.41)]. In addition to, superior probiotics reducing LSM. Synbiotics significant Controlled Attenuation Parameter [CAP, -39.34; -74.73, -3.95)]. Both aspartate transaminase [AST, -7.81; -15.49, -0.12), -13.32; -23, -3.64)]. Allogenic Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR, -0.7, -1.26, -0.15), -1.8, -3.53, - 0.07)]. body mass index [BMI, MD: -1.84, -3.35, -0.33]. supplement maybe way improve LSM, steatosis More trials are needed determine efficacy And adverse events MTTs should further explored. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD42023450093.

Язык: Английский

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Triterpenoids from Chios Mastiha Resin Against MASLD—A Molecular Docking Survey

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 47(1), С. 51 - 51

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic without an approved pharmacological approach for its prevention/treatment. Based on modified Delphi process, NAFLD was redefined as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic (MASLD) to highlight aspect of pathogenesis. Chios mastiha (Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia, Anacardiaceae) resin demonstrated promising results in MASLD treatment. In this paper, molecular docking applied test 16 compounds from potential ligands receptors GR, LXRα, LXRβ, PPARα PPARγ, MC4R, AMPK, and VEGFR2, whose up- down-regulation interfere with development progression. The observed had moderate high affinity LXR, PPARγ comparison proven ligands, while their PPARα, VEGFR less pronounced. combination active rather than a single molecule may have superior ability control intertwined pathways.

Язык: Английский

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Association Between Remnant Cholesterol and Risk of Hyperuricemia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hormone and Metabolic Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

Abstract Remnant cholesterol (RC) is closely related to metabolic diseases. Our study aims explore the relationship between RC and hyperuricemia. This cross-sectional included 14 568 adults aged 20 years or older from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted 2007 2018 in United States. calculated by subtracting high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) low-density (LDL-c) total (TC). Hyperuricemia defined serum uric acid (SUA) levels≥7 mg/dl men and≥6 women. The independent association hyperuricemia was evaluated. As quartile range of levels increases, prevalence also rises (7.84% vs. 13.71% 18.61% 26.24%, p<0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, fourth associated with an increased risk compared first (OR=2.942, 95% CI 2.473–3.502, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis shows that outperforms other single lipid indices Further Restricted Cubic Splines (RCS) suggests a nonlinear Elevated were found be linked studies on hold promise both preventing addressing

Язык: Английский

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From gut to liver: unveiling the differences of intestinal microbiota in NAFL and NASH patients

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognized for its global prevalence and potential progression to more severe diseases such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, yet detailed characteristics ecological alterations microbial communities during from (NAFL) NASH remain poorly understood. Methods: In this study, we conducted comparative analysis composition individuals with NAFL elucidate differences characteristics. We utilized 16S rRNA sequencing compare intestinal among healthy control group (65 cases), (64 (53 cases). Random forest machine learning database validation methods were employed analyze data. Results: Our findings indicate significant decrease diversity flora NAFLD ( p &lt; 0.05). At phylum level, high abundances Bacteroidetes Fusobacteria observed both patients, whereas Firmicutes less abundant. genus Prevotella expression was seen (AUC 0.738), an increase combination Megamonas Fusobacterium noted 0.769). Furthermore, KEGG pathway highlighted disturbances various types glucose metabolism pathways compared group, well notably compromised flavonoid flavonol biosynthesis functions. study uncovers distinct microecological changes within transition NASH, providing insights that could facilitate discovery novel biomarkers therapeutic targets NAFLD.

Язык: Английский

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Bioprotective Role of Phytocompounds Against the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis: Unravelling Underlying Molecular Mechanisms

Planta Medica, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 90(09), С. 675 - 707

Опубликована: Март 8, 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with a global prevalence of 25%, continues to escalate, creating noteworthy concerns towards the health burden. NAFLD causes triglycerides and free acids build up in liver. The excessive fat build-up inflammation damages healthy hepatocytes, leading non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Dietary habits, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia influence progression. burden is complicated due paucity therapeutic interventions. Obeticholic acid only approved agent for NAFLD. With more scientific enterprise being directed understanding underlying mechanisms NAFLD, novel targets like lipid synthase, farnesoid X receptor signalling, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors associated inflammatory hepatocellular injury have played crucial role progression NASH. Phytocompounds shown promising results modulating hepatic metabolism

Язык: Английский

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Relevant Aspects of Combined Protocols for Prevention of N(M)AFLD and Other Non‐Communicable Diseases

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 68(7)

Опубликована: Март 20, 2024

Abstract Obesity is a global health issue characterized by the excessive fat accumulation, leading to an increased risk of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which can progress from simple steatosis steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there are no approved pharmacological protocols for prevention/treatment MAFLD, due complexity lying beneath these mechanisms, monotherapies unlikely be efficacious. This review article analyzes possibility that NCDs prevented or attenuated combination bioactive substances, as they could promote higher response rates, maximum reaction results, additive synergistic effects compounds having similar different mechanisms action and/or refraining possible side effects, related use lower doses exposures times than monotherapies. Accordingly, prevention mouse MAFLD observed with omega‐3 docosahexaenoic acid antioxidant hydroxytyrosol, whereas attenuation mild cognitive impairment attained folic plus cobalamin in elderly patients. The existence several drawbacks underlying published combined trials, opens space adequate stricter experimental clinical tryouts achieve meaningful outcomes human applicability.

Язык: Английский

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Perilipins: A family of five fat‐droplet storing proteins that play a significant role in fat homeostasis

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 125(6)

Опубликована: Май 15, 2024

Abstract Lipid droplets are organelles with unique spherical structures. They consist of a hydrophobic neutral lipid core that varies depending on the cell type and tissue. These surrounded by phospholipid monolayers, along heterogeneous proteins responsible for synthesis metabolism. Additionally, there specialized droplet‐associated surface proteins. Recent evidence suggests from perilipin family (PLIN) associated involved in their formation. have specific roles hepatic droplet metabolism, such as protecting lipase action maintaining balance between storage utilization cells. Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized accumulation more than 5% hepatocytes. This can progress into metabolic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma. The progression MASLD other diseases sarcopenic obesity. Therefore, it crucial to understand role perilipins this accumulation, these key targets developing novel therapeutic strategies. comprehensive review aims summarize structure characteristics PLIN proteins, well pathogenic development steatosis fatty diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Polyphenols improve non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease via gut microbiota: A comprehensive review

Food Science & Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(8), С. 5341 - 5356

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2024

Abstract Polyphenols, natural micronutrients derived from plants, are valued for their anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The escalating global prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) underscores its status as a chronic progressive condition. Furthermore, the dysregulation gut microbiota (GM) is implicated in onset progression NAFLD through actions metabolites such bile acids (BAs), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), choline, short‐chain (SCFAs). Additionally, GM may influence integrity intestinal barrier. This review aims to evaluate potential effects polyphenols on barrier function, subsequent impact NAFLD. We searched wide range databases, Web Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus gather information our non‐systematic English literature. functions composition can be regulated by chlorogenic acid, curcumin, green tea catechins, naringenin, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane. Regulating improves alleviating inflammation, fat accumulation, enzymes. it serum lipid profile integrity. All these components affect GM, including SCFAs, LPS, BAs. Current evidence indicates that curcumin modulate improving positively impacting More studies necessary safety efficacy sulforaphane, catechin.

Язык: Английский

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