bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025
The
superior
colliculus
(SC),
a
midbrain
sensorimotor
hub,
is
anatomically
and
functionally
similar
across
vertebrates,
but
how
its
cell
types
have
evolved
unclear.
Using
single-nucleus
transcriptomics,
we
compared
the
SC's
molecular
cellular
organization
in
mice,
tree
shrews,
humans.
Despite
over
96
million
years
of
evolutionary
divergence,
identified
∼30
consensus
neuronal
subtypes,
including
Cbln2
+
neurons
that
form
SC-pulvinar
circuit
mice
shrews.
Synapse-related
genes
were
among
most
conserved,
unlike
neocortex,
suggesting
co-conservation
synaptic
circuitry.
In
contrast,
cilia-related
diverged
significantly
species,
highlighting
potential
importance
primary
cilium
SC
evolution.
Additionally,
novel
inhibitory
neuron
shrews
humans
not
mice.
Our
findings
reveal
has
by
conserving
genes,
circuitry,
while
diversifying
ciliary
gene
expression
an
subtype.
Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(2), С. 162 - 162
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025
This
article
delves
into
the
intricate
mechanisms
underlying
sensory
integration
in
executive
control
of
movement,
encompassing
ideomotor
activity,
predictive
capabilities,
and
motor
systems.
It
examines
interplay
between
functions,
highlighting
role
cortical
subcortical
regions
central
nervous
system
enhancing
environmental
interaction.
The
acquisition
skills,
procedural
memory,
representation
actions
brain
are
discussed
emphasizing
significance
mental
imagery
training
function.
development
this
aspect
sensorimotor
can
help
to
advance
our
understanding
interactions
control,
mechanisms,
consciousness.
Bridging
theoretical
insights
with
practical
applications,
it
sets
stage
for
future
innovations
clinical
rehabilitation,
assistive
technology,
education.
ongoing
exploration
these
domains
promises
uncover
new
pathways
human
capability
well-being.
iScience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
28(4), С. 112194 - 112194
Опубликована: Март 11, 2025
Recent
studies
have
revealed
diverse
neuron
types
in
the
superior
colliculus
(SC),
a
midbrain
structure
critical
for
sensorimotor
transformation.
Here,
as
an
important
step
toward
studying
function
of
these
subtypes,
we
characterize
10
transgenic
mouse
lines
based
on
recently
published
molecular
atlas
superficial
SC.
We
show
that
Cre
or
fluorescence
expression
some
corresponds
specifically
to
certain
transcriptomic
types.
These
include
two
GENSAT
been
used
target
morphological
cell
SC
and
three
knockin
lines.
In
contrast,
such
correspondence
is
not
seen
other
tested
mice.
Importantly,
pattern
marker
genes
all
highly
consistent
with
atlas.
Together,
our
support
correlation
between
types,
identify
useful
targeting
genetically,
demonstrate
validity
single-cell
transcriptomics
data.
Ageing Research Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
93, С. 102140 - 102140
Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2023
The
zona
incerta
(ZI)
is
a
subthalamic
region
composed
by
loosely
packed
neurochemically
mixed
neurons,
juxtaposed
to
the
main
ascending
and
descending
bundles.
extreme
neurochemical
diversity
that
characterizes
this
area,
together
with
diffuseness
of
its
connections
entire
neuraxis
hard-to-reach
positioning
in
brain
caused
ZI
keep
halo
mystery
for
over
century.
However,
last
decades,
rich
albeit
fragmentary
body
knowledge
regarding
both
incertal
anatomical
functional
implications
has
been
built
mostly
based
on
rodent
studies
lack
cohesion
makes
difficult
depict
an
integrated,
exhaustive
picture
roles.
This
review
aims
provide
unified
resource
summarizes
current
profile
interactions
rodents
non-human
primates
significance
connections,
highlighting
aspects
still
unbeknown
research.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(1), С. 113667 - 113667
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Detecting
visual
features
in
the
environment
is
crucial
for
animals'
survival.
The
superior
colliculus
(SC)
implicated
motion
detection
and
processing,
whereas
how
SC
integrates
inputs
from
two
eyes
remains
unclear.
Using
vivo
electrophysiology,
we
show
that
mouse
contains
many
binocular
neurons
display
robust
ocular
dominance
(OD)
plasticity
a
critical
period
during
early
development,
which
similar
to,
but
not
dependent
on,
primary
cortex.
NR2A-
NR2B-containing
N-methyl-D-aspartate
(NMDA)
receptors
play
an
essential
role
regulation
of
plasticity.
Blocking
NMDA
can
largely
prevent
impairment
predatory
hunting
caused
by
monocular
deprivation,
indicating
maintaining
binocularity
required
efficient
behavior.
Together,
our
studies
reveal
existence
function
OD
SC,
broadens
understanding
development
subcortical
circuitry
relating
to
hunting.
Nanomaterials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(14), С. 2101 - 2101
Опубликована: Июль 19, 2023
The
imitative
modelling
of
processes
in
the
brain
living
beings
is
an
ambitious
task.
However,
advances
complexity
existing
hardware
models
are
limited
by
their
low
speed
and
high
energy
consumption.
A
superconducting
circuit
with
Josephson
junctions
closely
mimics
neuronal
membrane
channels
involved
operation
sodium-potassium
pump.
dynamic
such
a
system
characterised
duration
picoseconds
level
attojoules.
In
this
work,
two
biological
neuron
studied.
New
modes
identified,
including
so-called
bursting
mode,
which
plays
important
role
neural
networks.
possibility
switching
between
different
situ
shown,
providing
control
system.
synaptic
connection
that
short-term
potentiation
synapse
developed
demonstrated.
Finally,
simplest
two-neuron
chain
comprising
proposed
bio-inspired
components
simulated,
prospects
biosimilars
briefly
discussed.
Behavioral
flexibility
requires
directing
feedforward
sensory
information
to
appropriate
targets.
In
the
superior
colliculus,
divergent
outputs
orchestrate
different
responses
visual
threats,
but
circuit
organization
enabling
flexible
routing
of
remains
unknown.
To
determine
this
structure,
we
focused
on
inhibitory
projection
(Gad2)
neurons.
Trans-synaptic
tracing
and
neuronal
recordings
revealed
that
Gad2
neurons
projecting
lateral
geniculate
nucleus
(LGN)
parabigeminal
(PBG)
form
two
separate
populations,
each
receiving
a
set
non-retinal
inputs.
Inhibiting
LGN-
or
PBG-projecting
resulted
in
opposing
effects
behavior;
increasing
freezing
escape
probability
looming,
respectively.
Optogenetic
activation
selected
inputs
cells
predictably
regulated
threat.
These
data
suggest
projection-specific
sampling
brain-wide
provides
design
principle
enables
be
selectively
routed
produce
context-specific
behavior.
