Pica practices, anemia, and oral health outcomes: a systemic review

BMC Oral Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Vulvovaginal Candidiasis-An Overview of Current Trends and the Latest Treatment Strategies

Microbial Pathogenesis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107359 - 107359

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Oral Complications from Oropharyngeal Cancer Therapy

Cancers, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(18), С. 4548 - 4548

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2023

Post-oropharyngeal cancer treatment complications include a multitude of oral side effects that impact overall survival and quality life. These acute chronic conditions affecting the cavity head neck, such as mucositis, infection, xerostomia, dysgeusia, radiation caries, osteonecrosis, trismus. This review will summarize most common from oropharyngeal therapy. The authors would like to point out literature cited frequently combines neck results. If recommendations are made strictly related cancers, this be highlighted.

Язык: Английский

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Microbial underdogs: exploring the significance of low-abundance commensals in host-microbe interactions

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 55(12), С. 2498 - 2507

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023

Our understanding of host-microbe interactions has broadened through numerous studies over the past decades. However, most investigations primarily focus on dominant members within ecosystems while neglecting low-abundance microorganisms. Moreover, laboratory animals usually do not have microorganisms beyond bacteria. The phenotypes observed in animals, including immune system, displayed notable discrepancies when compared to real-world observations due diverse microbial community natural environments. Interestingly, recent unveiled beneficial roles played by Despite their rarity, these keystone taxa play a pivotal role shaping composition and fulfilling specific functions host. Consequently, become imperative unravel true commensalism. In this review, we provide comprehensive overview important findings how commensal microorganisms, bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoa, interact with host contribute phenotypes, emphasis system. Indeed, vital development host's influence disease status, key communities niches. Understanding microbes is will lead better relationships.

Язык: Английский

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Classes and phyla of the kingdom Fungi

Fungal Diversity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 128(1), С. 1 - 165

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2024

Abstract Fungi are one of the most diverse groups organisms with an estimated number species in range 2–3 million. The higher-level ranking fungi has been discussed framework molecular phylogenetics since Hibbett et al., and definition higher ranks (e.g., phyla) ‘true fungi’ have revised several subsequent publications. Rapid accumulation novel genomic data advancements now facilitate a robust precise foundation for classification within kingdom. This study provides updated kingdom , drawing upon comprehensive phylogenomic analysis Holomycota which we outline well-supported nodes fungal tree explore more contentious groupings. We accept 19 phyla Fungi, viz . Aphelidiomycota Ascomycota Basidiobolomycota Basidiomycota Blastocladiomycota Calcarisporiellomycota Chytridiomycota Entomophthoromycota Entorrhizomycota Glomeromycota Kickxellomycota Monoblepharomycota Mortierellomycota Mucoromycota Neocallimastigomycota Olpidiomycota Rozellomycota Sanchytriomycota, Zoopagomycota In phylogenies, Caulochytriomycota resides ; thus, former is regarded as synonym latter, while Caulochytriomycetes viewed class provide description each phylum followed by its classes. A new subphylum, Sanchytriomycotina Karpov introduced only subphylum Sanchytriomycota subclass Pneumocystomycetidae Kirk al. Pneumocystomycetes invalid thus validated. Placements fossil classes also discussed, providing examples.

Язык: Английский

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Candida albicans and Antifungal Peptides

Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(12), С. 2631 - 2648

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

Candida albicans, a ubiquitous opportunistic fungal pathogen, plays pivotal role in human health and disease. As commensal organism, it normally resides harmlessly within the microbiota. However, under certain conditions, C. albicans can transition into pathogenic state, leading to various infections collectively known as candidiasis. With increasing prevalence of immunocompromised individuals widespread use invasive medical procedures, candidiasis has become significant public concern. The emergence drug-resistant strains further complicates treatment options, highlighting urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Antifungal peptides (AFPs) have gained considerable attention potential candidates combating spp. infections. These naturally occurring possess broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, including specific efficacy against albicans. AFPs exhibit several advantageous properties, such rapid killing kinetics, low propensity resistance development, diverse mechanisms action, making them promising alternatives conventional antifungal agents. In recent years, extensive research focused on discovering developing novel with improved selectivity species. Advances biotechnology synthetic peptide design enabled modification optimization natural peptides, enhancing their stability, bioavailability, potential. Nevertheless, challenges must be addressed before widely implemented clinical practice. include optimizing delivery methods, overcoming toxicity concerns, conducting comprehensive preclinical studies. This commentary presents short overview candidemia AFP; articles reviews published last 10 years were searched National Library Medicine (National Center Biotechnology Information–NIH–PubMed). terms used infections, treatments guidelines, challenges, trials main ones. Older publications cited if they brought some relevant concept or helped bring perspective our narrative. Articles older than 20 those that appeared PubMed but did not match goal updated information about using an considered.

Язык: Английский

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Vaginal Transcriptional Signatures of the Neutrophil‐Driven Immune Response Correlate With Clinical Severity During Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 93(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Problem Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) affects 5%−10% of all women, negatively impacting their reproductive health and quality life. Herein, we investigated the molecular effects RVVC on vaginal mucosa otherwise healthy women. Method Study Gene expression analysis was performed tissue biopsies from women with RVVC, including those a current episode (VVC, n = 19) between infections (culture negative [CNR], 8); asymptomatically colonized Candida albicans (asymptomatic [AS], 7); controls ( 18). profiles were compared groups correlated clinical data retrieved questionnaires gynecologic examinations. Results Of 20 171 genes identified in biopsies, 6506 differentially expressed group, to controls. pathway revealed an association pathways inflammatory responses, especially involved neutrophil recruitment activation. Expression inflammation increased increasing severity VVC, whereas some epithelial integrity decreased infection. both CNR AS comparable Conclusions The during active infection correlates activation mucosa. lack differences who acute indicates that observed group are only present

Язык: Английский

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Strain background interacts with chromosome 7 aneuploidy to determine commensal and virulence phenotypes in Candida albicans

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

The human fungal pathobiont Candida albicans displays extensive genomic plasticity, including large-scale chromosomal changes such as aneuploidy. Chromosome trisomy appears frequently in natural and laboratory strains of C. . Trisomy specific chromosomes has been linked to large phenotypic effects, increased murine gut colonization by trisomic for chromosome 7 (Chr7). However, studies whole-chromosome aneuploidy are generally limited the SC5314 genome reference strain, making it unclear whether imparted phenotypes conserved across genetic backgrounds. Here, we report presence a Chr7 "commensal-like" oral candidiasis 529L, dissect contribution virulence 529L SC5314. These experiments show that strain background homolog identity (i.e., AAB vs ABB) interact with alter commensal multiple host niches. In vitro filamentation was only phenotype altered similar ways two Oral mice but not SC5314; conversely, during systemic infection reduced 529L. Strikingly, rendered this avirulent infection. Increased dosage NRG1 failed reproduce most phenotypes. Our results demonstrate interacts variation produce complex patterns deviate from our current understanding strain. is clinically important fungus humans also part microbiota typically colonizes bodies. Changes number copies (Chr7) enhances colonization. We identified third copy classified good colonizer doesn't cause disease, mimicking alters differently between these strains, three does universally better Additionally, which diploid species exists influences pathogen Therefore, same different have substantially effects.

Язык: Английский

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Revealing the dynamics of fungal disease with proteomics

Molecular Omics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The occurrence and distribution of new re-emerging fungal pathogens, along with rates antifungal resistance, are rising across the globe, correspondingly, so our awareness call for action to address this public health concern. To effectively detect, monitor, treat infections, biological insights into mechanisms that regulate pathogenesis, influence survival, promote resistance urgently needed. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics is a high-resolution technique enables identification quantification proteins diverse systems better understand biology driving phenotypes. In review, we highlight dynamic innovative applications characterize three critical pathogens (i.e., Candida spp., Cryptococcus Aspergillus spp.) causing disease in humans. We present strategies investigate host-pathogen interface, virulence factor production, protein-level drivers resistance. Through these studies, opportunities biomarker development, drug target discovery, immune system remodeling discussed, supporting use combat plethora diseases threatening global health.

Язык: Английский

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Antibiofilm capacity of PMMA surfaces: a review of current knowledge

Microbial Pathogenesis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107426 - 107426

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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