Model of Staphylococcus aureus Growth and Reproduction on the Surface of Activated Carbon DOI Creative Commons
Ge Zhang, Xiaolang Yan, Shuai Liu

и другие.

Buildings, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(6), С. 874 - 874

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

The large-scale use of air-conditioning equipment, while providing a comfortable living environment, has also brought about series problems. This study focuses on the growth and reproduction Staphylococcus aureus surface activated carbon in filtration systems. Experimental data were obtained under temperature conditions 20 °C 30 relative humidity 10%, 50%, 75% RH. Based experimental data, mathematical model was established to predict aureus. Logistic Gompertz equations used fit curves different conditions, two models, commonly for simulating microbial curves, compared. with best selected amount aureus, some guidance actual lifespan adsorbent filters.

Язык: Английский

Ventilation strategies and design impacts on indoor airborne transmission: A review DOI
Nima Izadyar, Wendy Miller

Building and Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 218, С. 109158 - 109158

Опубликована: Май 6, 2022

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

82

Monitoring of indoor air quality at a large sailing cruise ship to assess ventilation performance and disease transmission risk DOI Creative Commons
H. W. K. Cheung, Prashant Kumar, Sarkawt Hama

и другие.

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 962, С. 178286 - 178286

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Large passenger ships are characterised as enclosed and crowded indoor spaces with frequent interactions between travellers, providing conditions that facilitate disease transmission. This study aims to provide an ship CO

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2

Respiratory infection risk-based ventilation design method DOI Creative Commons
Jarek Kurnitski, Martin Kiil, Pawel Wargocki

и другие.

Building and Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 206, С. 108387 - 108387

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2021

A new design method is proposed to calculate outdoor air ventilation rates control respiratory infection risk in indoor spaces. We propose use this future standards complement existing criteria based on the perceived quality and pollutant removal. The makes it possible required rate at a given probability of quanta emission rate. Present work used for SARS-CoV-2 consequently can be applied other viruses with available data. was case studies representing typical rooms public buildings. To reduce infection, total airflow per infectious person revealed most important parameter risk. Category I prescribed EN 16798-1 standard satisfied many but not all type spaces examined. started from about 80 L/s room. Large variations between results selected made impossible provide simple rule estimating rates. Consequently, we conclude that low newly developed must used.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

66

A review on indoor airborne transmission of COVID-19– modelling and mitigation approaches DOI Creative Commons
Saeed Rayegan, Chang Shu, Justin Berquist

и другие.

Journal of Building Engineering, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 64, С. 105599 - 105599

Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2022

In the past few years, significant efforts have been made to investigate transmission of COVID-19. This paper provides a review COVID-19 airborne modeling and mitigation strategies. The simulation models here are classified into infectious risk numerical approaches for spatiotemporal transmissions. Mathematical descriptions assumptions on which these based discussed. Input data used in previous studies assess dispersion extracted reported. Moreover, measurements performed study within indoor environments introduced support validations anticipated future studies. Transmission strategies recommended recent include modifying occupancy ventilation operations, using filters air purifiers, installing ultraviolet (UV) disinfection systems, personal protection compliance, such as wearing masks social distancing. application various building types, educational, office, public, residential, hospital, is reviewed. Recommendations works also discussed current apparent knowledge gaps covering both approaches. Our findings show that different measures were environments; however, there no conclusive work reporting their combined effects level may be achieved. further should conducted understand better balance between mitigating viral transmissions buildings energy consumption.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

58

Contaminant removal and contaminant dispersion of air distribution for overall and local airborne infection risk controls DOI
Sheng Zhang, Dun Niu, Yalin Lu

и другие.

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 833, С. 155173 - 155173

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2022

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

44

Predominant airborne transmission and insignificant fomite transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a two-bus COVID-19 outbreak originating from the same pre-symptomatic index case DOI Open Access
Pan Cheng,

Kaiwei Luo,

Shenglan Xiao

и другие.

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 425, С. 128051 - 128051

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2021

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

51

Assessment of indoor air quality and risk of COVID-19 infection in Spanish secondary school and university classrooms DOI Creative Commons
Diana Rodrı́guez, Itziar R. Urbieta,

Ángel Velasco

и другие.

Building and Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 226, С. 109717 - 109717

Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2022

Despite the risk of transmission SARS-CoV-2, Spanish educational centers were reopened after six months lockdown. Ventilation was mostly adopted as a preventive measure to reduce virus. However, it could also affect indoor air quality (IAQ). Therefore, here we evaluate ventilation conditions, COVID-19 risk, and IAQ in secondary school university classrooms Toledo (central Spain) from November 2020 June 2021. examined by monitoring outdoor CO2 levels. CO2, occupancy hygrothermal parameters, allowed estimating relative SARS-CoV-2 (Alpha Omicron BA.1), Hr, under different scenarios, using web app COVID Riskairborne. Additionally, effect on evaluated measuring indoor/outdoor (I/O) concentration ratios O3, NO2, suspended particulate matter (PM). University classrooms, particularly mechanically ventilated one, presented better conditions than well thermal comfort conditions. The estimated Hr for ranged intermediate (with surgical masks) high (no masks, teacher infected). generally good all at ones, with I/O below unity, implying an origin gaseous pollutants, while source PM heterogeneous. Consequently, controlled mechanical systems are essential spaces, wearing well-fitting FFP2–N95 masks indoors is highly recommended minimize other airborne infectious diseases.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

35

Viable SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant detected in aerosols in a residential setting with a self-isolating college student with COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
William B. Vass, John A. Lednicky, Sripriya Nannu Shankar

и другие.

Journal of Aerosol Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 165, С. 106038 - 106038

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2022

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

31

Modeling the impact of indoor relative humidity on the infection risk of five respiratory airborne viruses DOI Creative Commons
Amar Aganović, Yang Bi, Guangyu Cao

и другие.

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2022

With a modified version of the Wells-Riley model, we simulated size distribution and dynamics five airborne viruses (measles, influenza, SARS-CoV-2, human rhinovirus, adenovirus) emitted from speaking person in typical residential setting over relative humidity (RH) range 20-80% air temperature 20-25 °C. Besides transformation virus-containing droplets due to evaporation, respiratory absorption, then removal by gravitational settling, model also considered mechanism ventilation. The trend magnitude RH impact depended on virus. For rhinovirus adenovirus humidifying indoor 20/30 50% will be increasing infection risk, however, this risk increase negligible for weak adenovirus. Humidification have potential benefit decreasing only influenza when there is large decrease 20 50%. Regardless dry solution composition, humidification overall via long-range transmission SARS-CoV-2. Compared at constant ventilation rate, rate moderate levels 0.5 → 2.0 h

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

30

QRsens: Dual-purpose quick response code with built-in colorimetric sensors DOI Creative Commons
Pablo Escobedo,

Celia E. Ramos-Lorente,

Ammara Ejaz

и другие.

Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 376, С. 133001 - 133001

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2022

QRsens represents a family of Quick Response (QR) sensing codes for in-situ air analysis with customized smartphone application to simultaneously read the QR code and colorimetric sensors.Five sensors (temperature, relative humidity (RH), three gas (CO 2 , NH 3 H S)) were designed aim proposing two end-use applications ambient analysis, i.e., enclosed spaces monitoring, smart packaging.Both inks deposited by standard screen printing on white paper.To ensure minimal light dependence during real-time was programmed an effective colour correction procedure based black references illumination temperatures (3000, 4000 5000 K).Depending type sensor being analysed, this integration achieved reduction ~71 -87% QRsens's temperature.After correction, exhibited detection range 0.7-4.1%,0.7-7.5 ppm, 0.13-0.7 ppm CO S, respectively.In summary, study presents affordable built-in multi-sensing platform in form monitoring potential different types applications.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

30