Socioeconomic status and the developing brain – A systematic review of neuroimaging findings in youth

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 130, С. 379 - 407

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Socioeconomic status, BMI, and brain development in children

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2022

Low socioeconomic status (SES) in childhood is associated with deficits executive function and changes cortical morphology. Furthermore, rates of obesity are greater among low SES children also alterations impaired neurocognition, specifically the domain function. To investigate influence BMI on relationships between both neurocognition brain morphology, we used data from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to construct multiple linear regression models conduct mediation analyses. Overall, as measured by household income, highest level parental education, area deprivation, was lower BMI, total prefrontal volume, better performance assessments Mediation analysis indicated that had a significant indirect effect associations deprivation volumes. played mediating role composite neurocognitive scores, which were driven tasks working memory cognitive flexibility, but not control. These findings suggest should be considered future studies investigating relationship poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Task fMRI paradigms may capture more behaviorally relevant information than resting-state functional connectivity

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 270, С. 119946 - 119946

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2023

Characterizing the optimal fMRI paradigms for detecting behaviorally relevant functional connectivity (FC) patterns is a critical step to furthering our knowledge of neural basis behavior. Previous studies suggested that FC derived from task paradigms, which we refer as task-based FC, are better correlated with individual differences in behavior than resting-state but consistency and generalizability this advantage across conditions was not fully explored. Using data three tasks Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study ® (ABCD), tested whether observed improvement behavioral prediction power can be attributed changes brain activity induced by design. We decomposed time course each into model fit (the fitted condition regressors single-subject general linear model) residuals, calculated their respective compared performance these estimates original FC. The residual at predicting measure cognitive ability or two measures on tasks. superior content-specific insofar it only probed similar constructs predicted interest. To surprise, parameters, beta regressors, were equally if more predictive all measures. These results showed afforded largely driven associated Together previous studies, findings highlighted importance design eliciting meaningful activation patterns.

Язык: Английский

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Childhood socioeconomic status and the pace of structural neurodevelopment: accelerated, delayed, or simply different?

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 27(9), С. 833 - 851

Опубликована: Май 11, 2023

Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with children's brain and behavioral development. Several theories propose that early experiences of adversity or low SES can alter the pace neurodevelopment during childhood adolescence. These make contrasting predictions about whether adverse are accelerated delayed neurodevelopment. We contextualize these within context normative development cortical subcortical structure review existing evidence on structural to adjudicate between competing hypotheses. Although none fully consistent observed SES-related differences in development, suggests trajectories more a simply different developmental pattern than an acceleration

Язык: Английский

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Neighborhood disadvantage and longitudinal brain-predicted-age trajectory during adolescence

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 51, С. 101002 - 101002

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2021

Neighborhood disadvantage has consistently been linked to alterations in brain structure; however, positive environmental (e.g., parenting) and psychological factors temperament) may buffer these effects. We aimed investigate associations between neighborhood deviations from typical neurodevelopmental trajectories during adolescence, examine the moderating role of parenting temperamental effortful control (EC). Using a large dataset (n = 1313), normative model morphology was established, which then used predict age youth longitudinal 166, three time-points at 12, 16, 19). linear mixed models, we investigated whether difference brain-predicted-age chronological (brainAGE) were associated with disadvantage, (positive behavior problem-solving task) EC moderated associations. found that brainAGE early adolescence deceleration (decreasing brainAGE) thereafter. this association such disadvantaged adolescents, low delayed development (negative late adolescence. Findings provide evidence for complex factors, maturation. They suggest have long-term effects on neurodevelopment but high could

Язык: Английский

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Assessment of Parent Income and Education, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Child Brain Structure

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 5(8), С. e2226208 - e2226208

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2022

Importance

Although different aspects of socioeconomic status (SES) may represent distinct risk factors for poor mental health in children, knowledge their differential and synergistic associations with the brain is limited.

Objective

To examine independent between SES child structure.

Design, Setting, Participants

We used baseline data from participants aged 9 to 10 years Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. These were collected 21 US sites September 2017 August 2018. Study recruited schools create a participant sample that closely reflects population.

Exposures

Neighborhood disadvantage was measured using area deprivation index. also on total parent or caregiver educational attainment (in years) household income-to-needs ratio.

Main Outcomes Measures

T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging assess measures cortical thickness, surface area, subcortical volume.

Results

Data 8862 ABCD analyzed. The mean (SD) age 119.1 (7.5) months; there 4243 girls (47.9%) 4619 boys (52.1%). race ethnicity available 8857 participants: 173 (2.0%) Asian, 1099 (12.4%) Black African American, 1688 (19.1%) Hispanic, 4967 (56.1%) White, 930 (10.5%) reported multiple races ethnicities. Using 10-fold, within-sample split-half replication, we found neighborhood associated lower thickness following regions (η² = 0.004-0.009): cuneus (B[SE] −0.099 [0.013];P < .001), lateral occipital (B [SE] −0.088 [0.011];P orbitofrontal −0.072 [0.012];P lingual −0.104 paracentral −0.086 pericalcarine −0.077 postcentral −0.069 precentral −0.059 rostral middle frontal −0.076 superior parietal −0.060 .001). Exploratory analyses showed low attenuated presence high ratio 0.003-0.007).

Conclusions Relevance

findings this cross-sectional study suggest indicators have children’s A play protective role context attainment. This highlights importance considering joint future work.

Язык: Английский

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Why weight? Analytic approaches for large-scale population neuroscience data

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 59, С. 101196 - 101196

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

Population-based neuroimaging studies that feature complex sampling designs enable researchers to generalize their results more widely. However, several theoretical and analytical questions pose challenges interested in these data. The following is a resource for using population-based We provide an overview of describe the differences between traditional model-based analyses survey-oriented design-based analyses. To elucidate key concepts, we leverage data from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ Study (ABCD Study®), sample 11,878 9–10-year-olds United States. Analyses revealed modest sociodemographic discrepancies target population U.S. both recruited ABCD analytic with usable structural functional imaging In evaluating associations socioeconomic resources (i.e., constructs are tightly linked recruitment biases) metrics brain development, show approaches over-estimated household income under-estimated caregiver education total cortical volume surface area. Comparable were found models predicting neural function during two fMRI task paradigms. conclude recommendations Study® users cohorts broadly.

Язык: Английский

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Associations Between Socioeconomic Status, Obesity, Cognition, and White Matter Microstructure in Children

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(6), С. e2320276 - e2320276

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2023

Importance Lower neighborhood and household socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with negative health outcomes altered brain structure in children. It is unclear whether such findings extend to white matter via what mechanisms. Objective To assess how SES independently children’s microstructure examine obesity cognitive performance (reflecting environmental sensory stimulation) plausible mediators. Design, Setting, Participants This cross-sectional study used baseline data from participants the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Data were collected at 21 US sites, school-based recruitment was represent population. Children aged 9 11 years their parents or caregivers completed assessments between October 1, 2016, 31, 2018. After exclusions, 8842 of 875 children ABCD included analyses. analysis conducted July December 19, 2022. Exposures Neighborhood disadvantage derived area deprivation indices participants’ primary residence. Household factors total income highest parental educational attainment. Main Outcomes Measures A restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) model quantify restricted normalized directional (RND; reflecting oriented myelin organization) isotropic (RNI; glial neuronal cell bodies) diffusion 31 major tracts. The RSI measurements scanner harmonized. Obesity assessed through body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight kilograms divided by height meters squared), age- sex-adjusted BMI z scores, waist circumference, cognition National Institutes Health Toolbox Cognition Battery. Analyses adjusted for age, sex, pubertal development stage, intracranial volume, mean head motion, twin siblingship. Results Among children, 4543 (51.4%) boys, (SD) age 9.9 (0.7) years. Linear mixed-effects models revealed that greater lower RSI-RND left superior longitudinal fasciculus (β = −0.055; 95% CI, −0.081 −0.028) forceps −0.040; −0.067 −0.013). attainment bilateral (eg, right hemisphere: β 0.053; 0.025-0.080) corticospinal pyramidal tract 0.042; 0.015-0.069). Structural equation score higher disadvantage: −0.012; −0.016 −0.009) −0.004; −0.006 −0.001) partially accounted associations RSI-RND. RSI-RNI most tracts inferior fasciculus: −0.042 [95% −0.073 −0.012]; anterior thalamic radiations: −0.045 −0.075 −0.014]), had similar primarily frontolimbic fornix: 0.046 0.019-0.074]; 0.045 0.018-0.072]). −0.048; −0.077 −0.020). Greater these 0.015; 0.011-0.020). Findings robust sensitivity analyses corroborated using tensor imaging. Conclusions Relevance In this study, both contexts suggested possible mediators associations. Future research on may benefit considering multiple perspectives.

Язык: Английский

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Environmental contributions to cognitive development: The role of cognitive stimulation

Developmental Review, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 73, С. 101135 - 101135

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Early environmental experiences influence children's cognitive and neural development. In particular, stimulation, defined as inputs that engage the senses provide learning opportunities for children, fosters acquisition of knowledge across various domains. Low levels stimulation in early life may restrict opportunities, contributing to lasting consequences development later academic occupational achievement. This review delves into role related performance, available tools measuring settings, offers insights future research directions. addition, variability often linked differences socioeconomic status, create disparities access enriching foundation learning. We therefore briefly status also leverage evidence from intervention studies illustrate importance outcomes. Investigating on brain behavior is crucial developing effective strategies foster healthy all children unlocking their full potential.

Язык: Английский

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Neighborhood poverty during childhood prospectively predicts adolescent functional brain network architecture

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 64, С. 101316 - 101316

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2023

Family poverty has been associated with altered brain structure, function, and connectivity in youth. However, few studies have examined how disadvantage within the broader neighborhood may influence functional network organization. The present study leveraged a longitudinal community sample of 538 twins living low-income neighborhoods to evaluate prospective association between exposure during childhood (6-10 y) architecture adolescence (8-19 y). Using resting-state task-based fMRI, we generated two latent measures that captured intrinsic organization across whole-brain levels - segregation segregation-integration balance. While age was positively balance overall sample, these associations were moderated by poverty. Specifically, positive observed only youth from more, but not less, disadvantaged neighborhoods. Moreover, greater predicted reduced early, middle or late, adolescence. These effects detected both system as well specific networks, including fronto-parietal, default mode, salience, subcortical systems. findings indicate where children live exert long-reaching on development adolescent brain.

Язык: Английский

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