Socioeconomic status and the developing brain – A systematic review of neuroimaging findings in youth

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 130, P. 379 - 407

Published: Aug. 30, 2021

Language: Английский

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Socioeconomic status, BMI, and brain development in children

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2022

Low socioeconomic status (SES) in childhood is associated with deficits executive function and changes cortical morphology. Furthermore, rates of obesity are greater among low SES children also alterations impaired neurocognition, specifically the domain function. To investigate influence BMI on relationships between both neurocognition brain morphology, we used data from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to construct multiple linear regression models conduct mediation analyses. Overall, as measured by household income, highest level parental education, area deprivation, was lower BMI, total prefrontal volume, better performance assessments Mediation analysis indicated that had a significant indirect effect associations deprivation volumes. played mediating role composite neurocognitive scores, which were driven tasks working memory cognitive flexibility, but not control. These findings suggest should be considered future studies investigating relationship poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Task fMRI paradigms may capture more behaviorally relevant information than resting-state functional connectivity

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 270, P. 119946 - 119946

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Characterizing the optimal fMRI paradigms for detecting behaviorally relevant functional connectivity (FC) patterns is a critical step to furthering our knowledge of neural basis behavior. Previous studies suggested that FC derived from task paradigms, which we refer as task-based FC, are better correlated with individual differences in behavior than resting-state but consistency and generalizability this advantage across conditions was not fully explored. Using data three tasks Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study ® (ABCD), tested whether observed improvement behavioral prediction power can be attributed changes brain activity induced by design. We decomposed time course each into model fit (the fitted condition regressors single-subject general linear model) residuals, calculated their respective compared performance these estimates original FC. The residual at predicting measure cognitive ability or two measures on tasks. superior content-specific insofar it only probed similar constructs predicted interest. To surprise, parameters, beta regressors, were equally if more predictive all measures. These results showed afforded largely driven associated Together previous studies, findings highlighted importance design eliciting meaningful activation patterns.

Language: Английский

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Childhood socioeconomic status and the pace of structural neurodevelopment: accelerated, delayed, or simply different?

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(9), P. 833 - 851

Published: May 11, 2023

Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with children's brain and behavioral development. Several theories propose that early experiences of adversity or low SES can alter the pace neurodevelopment during childhood adolescence. These make contrasting predictions about whether adverse are accelerated delayed neurodevelopment. We contextualize these within context normative development cortical subcortical structure review existing evidence on structural to adjudicate between competing hypotheses. Although none fully consistent observed SES-related differences in development, suggests trajectories more a simply different developmental pattern than an acceleration

Language: Английский

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Neighborhood disadvantage and longitudinal brain-predicted-age trajectory during adolescence

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 51, P. 101002 - 101002

Published: Aug. 10, 2021

Neighborhood disadvantage has consistently been linked to alterations in brain structure; however, positive environmental (e.g., parenting) and psychological factors temperament) may buffer these effects. We aimed investigate associations between neighborhood deviations from typical neurodevelopmental trajectories during adolescence, examine the moderating role of parenting temperamental effortful control (EC). Using a large dataset (n = 1313), normative model morphology was established, which then used predict age youth longitudinal 166, three time-points at 12, 16, 19). linear mixed models, we investigated whether difference brain-predicted-age chronological (brainAGE) were associated with disadvantage, (positive behavior problem-solving task) EC moderated associations. found that brainAGE early adolescence deceleration (decreasing brainAGE) thereafter. this association such disadvantaged adolescents, low delayed development (negative late adolescence. Findings provide evidence for complex factors, maturation. They suggest have long-term effects on neurodevelopment but high could

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Parent Income and Education, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Child Brain Structure

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(8), P. e2226208 - e2226208

Published: Aug. 18, 2022

Importance

Although different aspects of socioeconomic status (SES) may represent distinct risk factors for poor mental health in children, knowledge their differential and synergistic associations with the brain is limited.

Objective

To examine independent between SES child structure.

Design, Setting, Participants

We used baseline data from participants aged 9 to 10 years Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. These were collected 21 US sites September 2017 August 2018. Study recruited schools create a participant sample that closely reflects population.

Exposures

Neighborhood disadvantage was measured using area deprivation index. also on total parent or caregiver educational attainment (in years) household income-to-needs ratio.

Main Outcomes Measures

T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging assess measures cortical thickness, surface area, subcortical volume.

Results

Data 8862 ABCD analyzed. The mean (SD) age 119.1 (7.5) months; there 4243 girls (47.9%) 4619 boys (52.1%). race ethnicity available 8857 participants: 173 (2.0%) Asian, 1099 (12.4%) Black African American, 1688 (19.1%) Hispanic, 4967 (56.1%) White, 930 (10.5%) reported multiple races ethnicities. Using 10-fold, within-sample split-half replication, we found neighborhood associated lower thickness following regions (η² = 0.004-0.009): cuneus (B[SE] −0.099 [0.013];P < .001), lateral occipital (B [SE] −0.088 [0.011];P orbitofrontal −0.072 [0.012];P lingual −0.104 paracentral −0.086 pericalcarine −0.077 postcentral −0.069 precentral −0.059 rostral middle frontal −0.076 superior parietal −0.060 .001). Exploratory analyses showed low attenuated presence high ratio 0.003-0.007).

Conclusions Relevance

findings this cross-sectional study suggest indicators have children’s A play protective role context attainment. This highlights importance considering joint future work.

Language: Английский

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Why weight? Analytic approaches for large-scale population neuroscience data

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59, P. 101196 - 101196

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Population-based neuroimaging studies that feature complex sampling designs enable researchers to generalize their results more widely. However, several theoretical and analytical questions pose challenges interested in these data. The following is a resource for using population-based We provide an overview of describe the differences between traditional model-based analyses survey-oriented design-based analyses. To elucidate key concepts, we leverage data from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ Study (ABCD Study®), sample 11,878 9–10-year-olds United States. Analyses revealed modest sociodemographic discrepancies target population U.S. both recruited ABCD analytic with usable structural functional imaging In evaluating associations socioeconomic resources (i.e., constructs are tightly linked recruitment biases) metrics brain development, show approaches over-estimated household income under-estimated caregiver education total cortical volume surface area. Comparable were found models predicting neural function during two fMRI task paradigms. conclude recommendations Study® users cohorts broadly.

Language: Английский

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Associations Between Socioeconomic Status, Obesity, Cognition, and White Matter Microstructure in Children

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. e2320276 - e2320276

Published: June 27, 2023

Importance Lower neighborhood and household socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with negative health outcomes altered brain structure in children. It is unclear whether such findings extend to white matter via what mechanisms. Objective To assess how SES independently children’s microstructure examine obesity cognitive performance (reflecting environmental sensory stimulation) plausible mediators. Design, Setting, Participants This cross-sectional study used baseline data from participants the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Data were collected at 21 US sites, school-based recruitment was represent population. Children aged 9 11 years their parents or caregivers completed assessments between October 1, 2016, 31, 2018. After exclusions, 8842 of 875 children ABCD included analyses. analysis conducted July December 19, 2022. Exposures Neighborhood disadvantage derived area deprivation indices participants’ primary residence. Household factors total income highest parental educational attainment. Main Outcomes Measures A restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) model quantify restricted normalized directional (RND; reflecting oriented myelin organization) isotropic (RNI; glial neuronal cell bodies) diffusion 31 major tracts. The RSI measurements scanner harmonized. Obesity assessed through body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight kilograms divided by height meters squared), age- sex-adjusted BMI z scores, waist circumference, cognition National Institutes Health Toolbox Cognition Battery. Analyses adjusted for age, sex, pubertal development stage, intracranial volume, mean head motion, twin siblingship. Results Among children, 4543 (51.4%) boys, (SD) age 9.9 (0.7) years. Linear mixed-effects models revealed that greater lower RSI-RND left superior longitudinal fasciculus (β = −0.055; 95% CI, −0.081 −0.028) forceps −0.040; −0.067 −0.013). attainment bilateral (eg, right hemisphere: β 0.053; 0.025-0.080) corticospinal pyramidal tract 0.042; 0.015-0.069). Structural equation score higher disadvantage: −0.012; −0.016 −0.009) −0.004; −0.006 −0.001) partially accounted associations RSI-RND. RSI-RNI most tracts inferior fasciculus: −0.042 [95% −0.073 −0.012]; anterior thalamic radiations: −0.045 −0.075 −0.014]), had similar primarily frontolimbic fornix: 0.046 0.019-0.074]; 0.045 0.018-0.072]). −0.048; −0.077 −0.020). Greater these 0.015; 0.011-0.020). Findings robust sensitivity analyses corroborated using tensor imaging. Conclusions Relevance In this study, both contexts suggested possible mediators associations. Future research on may benefit considering multiple perspectives.

Language: Английский

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Environmental contributions to cognitive development: The role of cognitive stimulation

Developmental Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 101135 - 101135

Published: June 12, 2024

Early environmental experiences influence children's cognitive and neural development. In particular, stimulation, defined as inputs that engage the senses provide learning opportunities for children, fosters acquisition of knowledge across various domains. Low levels stimulation in early life may restrict opportunities, contributing to lasting consequences development later academic occupational achievement. This review delves into role related performance, available tools measuring settings, offers insights future research directions. addition, variability often linked differences socioeconomic status, create disparities access enriching foundation learning. We therefore briefly status also leverage evidence from intervention studies illustrate importance outcomes. Investigating on brain behavior is crucial developing effective strategies foster healthy all children unlocking their full potential.

Language: Английский

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Associations between socioeconomic status and mental health trajectories during early adolescence: Findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study

JCPP Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Abstract Background Low socioeconomic status (SES) during childhood is associated with higher levels of youth psychopathology. However, limited longitudinal work has examined the role both household and neighborhood SES in shaping mental health trajectories over time using population‐based data. The goal present study was to characterize associations between changes problems early adolescence. Methods We investigated independent joint income‐to‐needs ratio, parent educational attainment, material hardship, disadvantage internalizing, externalizing, attention symptom data from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Given sex‐based differences ABCD study, analyses were conducted separately males females. assessed at baseline youth‐reported across six time‐points age 10–13 years ( M = 10.4, SD 0.63 years; first 6‐month follow‐up; N 9488). Results Main effects indicated that, general, high lower symptoms. longitudinally, increases relative SES. In females, while internalizing symptoms increased all income‐to‐needs, association most positive B 0.036, SE 0.008, p < 0.001). males, positively predicted externalizing 0.022, 0.007, 0.002) 0.023, 0.001) trajectories, linked income‐to‐needs. Two‐way interactions indicators predicting non‐significant. Conclusion Our finding that lower‐SES backgrounds exhibited adolescence contrasts findings prior cross‐sectional studies. are on rise landscape risk for psychopathology changing. More research needed understand how contributes resilience transition

Language: Английский

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