Abstract
The
strong
anti‐inflammatory
effect
of
methylprednisolone
(MP)
is
a
necessary
treatment
for
various
severe
cases
including
acute
spinal
cord
injury
(SCI).
However,
concerns
have
been
raised
regarding
adverse
effects
from
MP,
which
also
severely
limits
its
clinical
application.
Natural
polyphenols,
due
to
their
rich
phenolic
hydroxyl
chemical
properties,
can
form
dynamic
structures
without
additional
modification,
achieving
targeted
enrichment
and
drug
release
at
the
disease
lesion,
making
them
highly
promising
carrier.
Considering
application
challenges
natural
polyphenolic
platform
employed
efficient
delivery
reducing
systemic
side
effects.
Both
in
vitro
SCI
models
demonstrated
polyphenols
multiple
advantages
as
carriers
delivering
MP:
(1)
Achieved
maximum
injured
site
2
h
post‐administration,
met
desires
early
diseases;
(2)
Traceless
MP;
(3)
Reducing
effects;
(4)
Endowed
system
with
new
antioxidative
an
aspect
that
needs
be
addressed
diseases
treatment.
This
study
highlighted
prospect
robust
based
on
successfully
overcome
barrier
MP
treatment,
providing
possibility
widespread
Frontiers in Oncology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Март 22, 2022
The
complexity
of
the
tumor
microenvironment
presents
significant
challenges
to
cancer
therapy,
while
providing
opportunities
for
targeted
drug
delivery.
Using
characteristic
signals
microenvironment,
various
stimuli-responsive
delivery
systems
can
be
constructed
sites.
Among
these,
pH
is
frequently
utilized,
owing
being
lower
than
that
blood
and
healthy
tissues.
pH-responsive
polymer
carriers
improve
efficiency
in
vivo
,
allow
delivery,
reduce
adverse
reactions,
enabling
multifunctional
personalized
treatment.
polymers
have
gained
increasing
interest
due
their
advantageous
properties
potential
applicability
therapy.
In
this
review,
recent
advances
in,
common
applications
of,
nanomaterials
therapy
are
summarized,
with
a
focus
on
different
types
polymers.
Moreover,
future
field
prospected.
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17(6), С. 5187 - 5210
Опубликована: Март 10, 2023
Red
blood
cells
(RBCs)
and
RBC
membrane-derived
nanoparticles
have
been
historically
developed
as
bioinspired
drug
delivery
systems
to
combat
the
issues
of
premature
clearance,
toxicity,
immunogenicity
synthetic
nanocarriers.
RBC-based
possess
characteristics
including
biocompatibility,
biodegradability,
long
circulation
time,
which
make
them
suited
for
systemic
administration.
Therefore,
they
employed
in
designing
optimal
formulations
various
preclinical
models
clinical
trials
treat
a
wide
range
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
provide
an
overview
biology,
synthesis,
characterization
based
on
RBCs
their
membrane
whole
RBCs,
membrane-camouflaged
nanoparticles,
RBC-derived
extracellular
vesicles,
hitchhiking.
We
also
highlight
conventional
latest
engineering
strategies,
along
with
therapeutic
modalities,
enhanced
precision
effectiveness
delivery.
Additionally,
focus
current
state
applications
translation
carriers,
well
discussing
opportunities
challenges
associated
these
systems.
Nanomaterials
are
promising
carriers
to
improve
the
bioavailability
and
therapeutic
efficiency
of
drugs
by
providing
preferential
drug
accumulation
at
their
sites
action,
but
delivery
efficacy
is
severely
limited
a
series
biological
barriers,
especially
mononuclear
phagocytic
system
(MPS)-the
first
major
barrier
encountered
systemically
administered
nanomaterials.
Herein,
current
strategies
for
evading
MPS
clearance
nanomaterials
summarized.
First,
engineering
methods
including
surface
modification,
cell
hitchhiking,
physiological
environment
modulation
reduce
explored.
Second,
disabling
blockade,
suppression
macrophage
phagocytosis,
macrophages
depletion
examined.
Last,
challenges
opportunities
in
this
field
further
discussed.
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17(13), С. 12176 - 12187
Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2023
Spinal
cord
injury
(SCI),
which
is
characterized
by
excessive
inflammatory
cell
infiltration
and
accumulation
of
oxidative
substance,
would
severely
impede
neurological
functional
recovery
lead
to
permanent
profound
neurologic
deficits
even
disability.
Methylprednisolone
(MP)
the
most
commonly
used
clinical
anti-inflammatory
drug
for
SCI
treatment,
but
high
doses
are
typically
required
that
can
cause
severe
side
effects.
Here,
we
developed
a
carrier-free
thioketal
linked
MP
dimer@rutin
nanoparticles
(MP2-TK@RU
NPs)
achieve
combined
treatment
coassembling
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
cleavable
dimers
rutin.
This
proposed
nanodrug
possesses
following
favorable
advantages:
(1)
system
easily
accessible
has
drug-loading
capacity,
preferred
pharmaceutical
industry;
(2)
The
ROS-cleavable
linker
increases
efficiency
targeted
delivery
site;
(3)
Rutin,
type
plant-derived
natural
flavonoid
with
good
biocompatibility,
anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant
properties,
codelivered
enhance
therapy
outcomes.
obtained
MP2-TK@RU
NPs
exhibited
potent
antioxidative
properties
both
in
vitro
vivo,
demonstrating
superior
locomotor
function
neuroprotective
efficacy
rats
SCI.
anticipated
provide
promising
therapeutic
strategy
treatment.
The
emergence
of
micro/nanorobotics
stands
poised
to
revolutionize
various
biomedical
applications,
given
its
potential
offer
precision,
reduced
invasiveness,
and
enhanced
functionality.
In
the
face
such
potential,
understanding
mechanisms
that
drive
these
tiny
robots,
especially
their
actuation
techniques,
becomes
critical.
Although
there
is
a
surge
in
research
dedicated
micro/nanorobotics,
exists
gap
consolidating
diverse
strategies
suitability
for
applications.
This
comprehensive
review
seeks
bridge
this
by
providing
an
in‐depth
evaluation
current
techniques
employed
micro/nanorobots,
particularly
emphasizing
relevance
clinical
translation.
discussion
starts
elucidating
different
strategies,
ranging
from
magnetic,
electric,
acoustic,
light‐based,
chemical
biological
mechanisms.
Then,
examples
meticulous
assessment
each
technique
are
offered,
spotlighting
respective
merits
limitations
within
context.
illuminates
transformative
capabilities
methods
medicine.
It
not
only
highlights
progress
made
burgeoning
field
but
also
underscores
areas
require
further
exploration
development.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023
Abstract
Red
blood
cells
(RBCs)
are
the
most
abundant
in
body,
possessing
unique
biological
and
physical
properties.
RBCs
have
demonstrated
outstanding
potential
as
delivery
vehicles
due
to
their
low
immunogenicity,
long-circulating
cycle,
immune
characteristics,
exhibiting
abilities.
There
been
several
developments
understanding
system
of
derivatives,
they
applied
various
aspects
biomedicine.
This
article
compared
physiological
characteristics
RBCs,
analyzed
advantages
systems,
summarized
existing
practices
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