Research status and challenges of plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 174, С. 116543 - 116543

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024

In recent years, there has been an increasing number of related studies on exosomes. Most have focused exosomes derived from mammals, confirming the important role that play in cell communication. Plants, as a natural ingredient, plant-derived confirmed to similar structures and functions mammalian-derived Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) are lipid bilayer membrane nanovesicles containing bioactive constituents such miRNA, mRNA, protein, lipids obtained plant cells, can participate intercellular communication mediate transboundary communication, high bioavailability low immunogenicity, relatively safe, shown maintaining homeostasis preventing, treating variety diseases. this review, we describe biogenesis, isolation purification methods, structural composition, stability, safety, function PELNs challenges. The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor drug delivery mainly described, status research exosome Chinese herbal medicines is outlined. Overall, summarized importance latest results field provided theoretical basis for future clinical application PELNs.

Язык: Английский

---

Platycodon grandiflorum-derived extracellular vesicles suppress triple-negative breast cancer growth by reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and modulating the gut microbiota

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Despite the approval of several artificial nanotherapeutics for treatment triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), significant challenges, including unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes, severe side effects, and high cost large-scale production, still restrict their long-term application. In contrast, plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) exhibit promising potential in therapy due to negligible systemic toxicity, bioavailability cost- effectiveness. this study, we developed an alternative strategy inhibit TNBC via Platycodon grandiflorum (PG)-derived (PGEVs). The PGEVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation sucrose gradient centrifugation method contained adequate functional components such as proteins, lipids, RNAs active molecules. exhibited remarkable stability, tolerating acidic digestion undergoing minimal changes simulated gastrointestinal fluid. They efficiently taken up tumor cells induced increased production reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading cell proliferation inhibition apoptosis, particularly line 4T1. Additionally, facilitated polarization tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward M1 phenotype secretion pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further vivo investigations revealed that accumulated 4T1 tumors exerted effects through boosting anti-tumor immune responses modulating gut microbiota whether administered orally or intravenously (i.v.). conclusion, these findings highlight a natural, biocompatible efficient nanotherapeutic candidate treating TNBC.

Язык: Английский

---

Exosome-like nanoparticles derived from fruits, vegetables, and herbs: innovative strategies of therapeutic and drug delivery

Theranostics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(12), С. 4598 - 4621

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Over the past ten years, significant advancements have been made in exploring plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) for disease therapeutics and drug delivery. PELNs, as inherent nanoscale particles comprised of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, secondary metabolites, exhibit capacity cellular uptake by human cells. This intercellular interaction transcends biological boundaries, effectively influencing functions animals. PELNs outstanding biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, enhanced safety, environmentally friendly sustainability. article summarized preparation methods characteristics PELNs. It provided a systematic review varied roles derived from fruits, vegetables, herbs The challenges their production application were discussed, future prospects this rapidly evolving field explored.

Язык: Английский

---

Exosomes from young plasma alleviate osteoporosis through miR-217-5p-regulated osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell

Composites Part B Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 276, С. 111358 - 111358

Опубликована: Март 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Emerging Drug Delivery Vectors: Engineering of Plant-Derived Nanovesicles and Their Applications in Biomedicine

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер Volume 19, С. 2591 - 2610

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Extracellular vesicles can transmit intercellular information and transport biomolecules to recipient cells during various pathophysiological processes in the organism. Animal cell exosomes have been identified as potential nanodrugs delivery vehicles, yet they some shortcomings such high immunogenicity, cytotoxicity, complicated preparation procedures. In addition exosomes, plant-derived extracellular (PDVs), which carry a variety of active substances, are another promising nano-transport vehicles emerging recent years due their stable physicochemical properties, wide source, low cost. This work briefly introduces collection characterization PDVs, then focuses on application PDVs natural or engineered drug carriers biomedicine, finally discusses development challenges future applications.

Язык: Английский

---

Advances in the study of plant-derived extracellular vesicles in the skeletal muscle system

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 204, С. 107202 - 107202

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEV) constitute nanoscale entities comprising lipids, proteins, nucleic acids and various components enveloped by the lipid bilayers of plant cells. These play a crucial role in facilitating substance information transfer not only between cells but also across different species. Owing to its safety, stability, abundance raw materials, this has found extensive utilization recent years within research endeavors aimed at treating diseases. This article provides an overview pathways biological characteristics PDEV, along with prevalent methods employed for isolation, purification, storage. Furthermore, we comprehensively outline therapeutic implications diverse sources PDEV musculoskeletal system disorders. Additionally, explore as platforms engineering drug carriers, aiming delve deeper into significance potential contributions realm system.

Язык: Английский

---

Nature Herbal Medicine‐ Tissue Engineering Strategies for Regulate Cell Homeostasis in Bone Regeneration

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Abstract Bone fractures, especially large and complex defects, continue to pose significant challenges in the medical field. Current treatments often rely on autografts or allografts for structural support, which can lead problems such as reduced bioactivity, infection risks, potential pathogen transmission. Nature herbal medicine (NHM), including herbs extracts, offers a promising alternative by effectively modulating inflammatory responses, enhancing osteoblast function, inhibiting bone resorption, thereby facilitating fracture repair. However, traditional drug delivery methods NHM encounter interactions, poor tissue distribution, patient compliance. Biomaterials, engineered interact with biological systems, play essential roles repair, mechanical delivery. When used carriers, biomaterials be combined form stable systems that further promote regeneration. Here applications of are reviewed, hydrogels, extracellular vesicles, cement, conjunction regulating homeostasis aiming provide valuable insights guidance future research therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

---

Exosomal non-coding RNAs in the regulation of bone metabolism homeostasis: molecular mechanism and therapeutic potential

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(2), С. e41632 - e41632

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Bone metabolism is a dynamic balance between bone formation and absorption regulated by osteoblasts/osteoclasts. metabolic disorders can lead to disease. Osteoporosis (OP), osteoarthritis (OA) femoral head necrosis (ONFH) are common diseases. At present, the treatment of disease still mainly relieve pain improve joint function. However, surgical does not apply vast majority high-risk groups, including postmenopausal women, patients with diabetes, cirrhosis, etc. Exosomes (Exos) nanoscale membrane vesicles that released almost all cells. Exos rich in variety bioactive substances, such as non-coding RNAs, nucleic acids, proteins lipids. In view structure Exos, it protect biologically active molecules be smoothly delivered target cells involved regulation cell this review, we focus on mechanism function homeostasis mediated exosomal ncRNAs (Exos-ncRNAs), macrophage polarization, autophagy, angiogenesis, signal transduction competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). We summarized therapeutic strategies potential drugs Exos-ncRNAs Moreover, discussed shortcomings research directions carrier deliver play role.

Язык: Английский

---

Ancient Medicinal Insect Steleophaga Plancyi (Boleny)-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Like Particles Enhances Autophagic Activity to Promote Osteogenic Differentiation via Melatonin in Osteoporosis

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер Volume 20, С. 2059 - 2071

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Osteoporosis, a critical public health challenge, is marked by skeletal deformities and heightened fracture risk. Steleophaga plancyi (Boleny) (SP), component of traditional Chinese medicine, known to enhance bone health, but the molecular mechanisms behind its osteoprotective effects are not well understood. We isolated extracellular vesicle (EV)-like particles from SP (SP-EVLP) using differential velocity centrifugation investigated their on human marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) in vitro. utilized CCK-8, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) alizarin red staining (ARS), RNA-seq, bioinformatics, immunofluorescence, Western blot elucidate role SP-EVLP. The therapeutic potential SP-EVLP was evaluated an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model, standard model for osteoporosis, encapsulating them enteric-coated capsules. were successfully characterized, they shown be effectively internalized hBMSCs, enhancing osteogenic differentiation. In OVX encapsulated capsules significantly increased mass, indicating robust effect. Further mechanistic studies revealed that promotes osteoblast proliferation activating melatonin-induced autophagy, pathway may improve osteoporotic conditions. Our results establish as promising candidate osteoporosis. activation autophagy suggests mechanism effects, opening new possibilities osteoporosis treatment development.

Язык: Английский

---

Material‐Mediated Immunotherapy to Regulate Bone Aging and Promote Bone Repair

Small, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Abstract As the global population ages, an increasing number of elderly people are experiencing weakened bone regenerative capabilities, resulting in slower repair processes and associated risks various complications. This review outlines research progress on biomaterials that promote through immunotherapy. examines how manufacturing technologies such as 3D printing, electrospinning, microfluidic technology contribute to enhancing therapeutic effects these biomaterials. Following this, it provides detailed introductions anti‐osteoporosis drug delivery systems, injectable hydrogels, nanoparticles, engineered exosomes, well tissue engineering materials coatings used immunomodulation. Moreover, critically analyzes current limitations biomaterial‐mediated immunotherapy explores future directions for material‐mediated aims inspire new approaches broaden perspectives addressing challenges aging by exploring innovative strategies.

Язык: Английский

---