First Report on the Occurrence of N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and 6PPD-Quinone as Pervasive Pollutants in Human Urine from South China

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(12), С. 1056 - 1062

Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2022

N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and its quinone derivative, 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q), have been found to be prevalent in the environment, but there are currently no data on their presence humans. Herein, we conducted first human biomonitoring study of 6PPD 6PPD-Q by measuring 150 urine samples collected from three different populations (general adults, children, pregnant women) South China. Both were detected samples, with detection frequencies between 60% 100%. Urinary concentrations significantly higher than those correlated well (p < 0.01), indicating coexposure In vitro metabolic experiments demonstrated rapid depletion liver microsomes, which should responsible for lower urine. Additionally, women exhibited apparently (median 0.068 2.91 ng/mL, respectively) did adults (0.018 0.40 ng/mL) children (0.015 0.076 ng/mL). The high daily urinary excretion was estimated 273 (ng/kg bw)/day. Considering that a lethal toxicant multiple aquatic species, potential health risks posed long-term exposure require urgent attention.

Язык: Английский

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Oral exposure to tire rubber-derived contaminant 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone induce hepatotoxicity in mice

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 869, С. 161836 - 161836

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Analysis, environmental occurrence, fate and potential toxicity of tire wear compounds 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 452, С. 131245 - 131245

Опубликована: Март 21, 2023

Язык: Английский

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6PPD and its metabolite 6PPDQ induce different developmental toxicities and phenotypes in embryonic zebrafish

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 455, С. 131601 - 131601

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Exposure to 6-PPD Quinone at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations Causes Abnormal Locomotion Behaviors and Neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(12), С. 4940 - 4950

Опубликована: Март 13, 2023

6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ) can be transformed from through ozonation. Nevertheless, the potential neurotoxicity of 6-PPDQ after long-term exposure and underlying mechanism are largely unclear. In Caenorhabditis elegans, we here observed that 0.1–10 μg/L caused several forms abnormal locomotion behaviors. Meanwhile, neurodegeneration D-type motor neurons was in 10 6-PPDQ-exposed nematodes. The associated with activation Ca2+ channel DEG-3-mediated signaling cascade. this cascade, expressions deg-3, unc-68, itr-1, crt-1, clp-1, tra-3 were increased by 6-PPDQ. Moreover, among genes encoding neuronal signals required for control stress response, jnk-1 dbl-1 decreased 6-PPDQ, daf-7 glb-10 RNAi jnk-1, dbl-1, daf-7, resulted susceptibility to toxicity decreasing locomotory ability inducing neurodegeneration, suggesting JNK-1, DBL-1, DAF-7, GLB-10 also induction neurotoxicity. Molecular docking analysis further demonstrated binding DEG-3, GLB-10. Together, our data suggested risk at environmentally relevant concentrations causing organisms.

Язык: Английский

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Environmental Occurrence and Toxicity of 6PPD Quinone, an Emerging Tire Rubber-Derived Chemical: A Review

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(10), С. 815 - 823

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is a chemical added to tires prevent their oxidative degradation. 6PPD highly reactive with ozone and oxygen, leading the formation of transformation products such as quinone (6PPDQ) on tire surfaces and, subsequently, in road wear particles. 6PPDQ toxicant that has been found roadway runoff receiving water systems. Its presence municipal stormwater led acute mortality coho salmon during migration urban creeks reproduce, generating global interest studying its occurrence toxicity environment. This review aims provide critical overview current state knowledge 6PPDQ, assisting researchers policymakers understanding potential impacts this emerging environment human health. As there are many unanswered questions surrounding further research needed. highlights importance including regulations for 6PPD, well all synthetic chemicals concern.

Язык: Английский

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Four-week repeated exposure to tire-derived 6-PPD quinone causes multiple organ injury in male BALB/c mice

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 894, С. 164842 - 164842

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Exposure to 6-PPD Quinone at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations Inhibits Both Lifespan and Healthspan in C. elegans

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(48), С. 19295 - 19303

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6-PPD), one of the most common additives used in rubber, enters environment due to significant emissions tire wear particles. 6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ) is an important derivative after ozonization. With concentrations ranging from nanograms per liter μg/L, 6-PPDQ has so far been identified a series water samples. Acute lethality coho salmon (LC50 < 1 μg/L) was lower than environmental 6-PPDQ, highlighting exposure risks 6-PPDQ. It becoming increasingly necessary investigate potential toxicity at concentrations. Here, we examined effect on lifespan and healthspan underlying mechanism Caenorhabditis elegans. Exposure (1 10 shortened lifespan. Meanwhile, during aging process, (0.1–10 could decrease both pumping rate locomotion behavior, suggesting healthspan. For molecular mechanism, dysregulation insulin signaling pathway linked In pathway, DAF-2 restricted function DAF-16 activate downstream targets (SOD-3 HSP-6), which turn controlled Additionally, response toxicity, peptides (INS-6, INS-7, DAF-28) corresponding receptor DAF-2. Therefore, environmentally relevant potentially causes damage by activating organisms.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of 6-PPD quinone toxicity on lung of male BALB/c mice by quantitative proteomics

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 922, С. 171220 - 171220

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Environmental profiles, hazard identification, and toxicological hallmarks of emerging tire rubber-related contaminants 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone

Environment International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 187, С. 108677 - 108677

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2024

N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is commonly used in rubber compounds as antioxidants to protect against degradation from heat, oxygen, and ozone exposure. This practice extends the lifespan of products, including tires, by preventing cracking, aging, deterioration. However, environmental consequences waste generated during product use, particularly formation 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q) through reaction 6PPD with ozone, have raised significant concerns due their detrimental effects on ecosystems. Extensive research has revealed widespread occurrence its derivate 6PPD-Q various compartments, air, water, soil. The emerging substance been shown pose acute mortality long-term hazards aquatic terrestrial organisms at concentrations below environmentally relevant levels. Studies demonstrated toxic a range organisms, zebrafish, nematodes, mammals. These include neurobehavioral changes, reproductive dysfunction, digestive damage exposure pathways. Mechanistic insights suggest that mitochondrial stress, DNA adduct formation, disruption lipid metabolism contribute toxicity induced 6PPD-Q. Recent findings human samples, such blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, underscore importance further public health toxicological implications these compounds. distribution, fate, biological effects, underlying mechanisms environment highlight urgent need for additional understand address impacts

Язык: Английский

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