Celiac disease: a comprehensive current review

BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2019

Celiac disease remains a challenging condition because of steady increase in knowledge tackling its pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and possible therapeutic options. A major milestone the history celiac was identification tissue transglutaminase as autoantigen, thereby confirming autoimmune nature this disorder. genetic background (HLA-DQ2/DQ8 positivity non-HLA genes) is mandatory determinant development disease, which occurs with contribution environmental factors (e.g., viral infections dysbiosis gut microbiota). Its prevalence general population approximately 1%, female predominance. The can occur at any age, variety symptoms/manifestations. This multifaceted clinical presentation leads to several phenotypes, i.e., gastrointestinal, extraintestinal, subclinical, potential, seronegative, non-responsive, refractory. Although small intestinal biopsy diagnostic 'gold standard', highly sensitive specific serological tests, such transglutaminase, endomysial deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies, have become gradually more important work-up disease. Currently, only treatment for life-long, strict gluten-free diet leading improvement quality life, ameliorating symptoms, preventing occurrence refractory ulcerative jejunoileitis, adenocarcinoma lymphoma. present review timely provides thorough appraisal various aspects characterizing Remaining challenges include obtaining better understanding still-unclear phenotypes slow-responsive, potential (minimal lesions) seronegative alternative or complementary treatments brings hope patients unavoidably burdened by restrictions.

Язык: Английский

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Environmental factors shaping the gut microbiome in a Dutch population

Nature, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 604(7907), С. 732 - 739

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Biodiversity and human health: mechanisms and evidence of the positive health effects of diversity in nature and green spaces

British Medical Bulletin, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 127(1), С. 5 - 22

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2018

Natural environments and green spaces provide ecosystem services that enhance human health well-being. They improve mental health, mitigate allergies reduce all-cause, respiratory, cardiovascular cancer mortality. The presence, accessibility, proximity greenness of determine the magnitude their positive effects, but role biodiversity (including species diversity) within remains underexplored. This review describes mechanisms evidence effects in nature on health.We identified studies listed PubMed Web Science using combinations keywords including 'biodiversity', 'diversity', 'species richness', 'human health', 'mental health' 'well-being' with no restrictions year publication. Papers were considered for detailed evaluation if they written English reported data levels outcomes.There is associations between diversity well-being (psychological physical) immune system regulation.There a very limited number relate measured to health. There more self-reported psychological than well-defined clinical outcomes. High has been associated both reduced increased vector-borne disease risk.Biodiversity supports mitigating heat, noise air pollution, which all mediate spaces, direct long-term outcomes have insufficiently studied so far.Additional research newly developed methods are needed quantify short- exposure perceived objectively diversity, nature-based solutions microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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Host–microbiota interactions in immune-mediated diseases

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 18(9), С. 521 - 538

Опубликована: Май 26, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Incidence of Celiac Disease Is Increasing Over Time: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The American Journal of Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 115(4), С. 507 - 525

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2020

OBJECTIVES: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis that defines the worldwide incidence of celiac disease (CD) examines temporal trends. METHODS: MEDLINE EMBASE were searched for population-based studies reporting CD in overall population, children, or adults. No limits placed on year language publication. Studies solely examining at-risk populations (e.g., patients with type 1 diabetes) excluded. Random-effects models performed to meta-analyze sex- age-specific 21st century. Temporal trend analyses assessed average annual percent change over time. RESULTS: Of 11,189 citations, 86 eligible identified inclusion, which 50 deemed suitable analyses. In century, pooled female was 17.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.7, 21.1) (I 2 = 99.5%) per 100,000 person-years, compared 7.8 CI: 6.3, 9.2) 98.6%) males. Child-specific 21.3 person-years 15.9, 26.7) 99.7%) 12.9 7.6, 18.2) 99.9%) Pooling changes showed be increasing by 7.5% 5.8, 9.3) 79.6%) past several decades. DISCUSSION: Incidence is highest females children. Overall, has been significantly rising latter half 20th century into throughout Western world. Population-based Africa, Asia, Latin America are needed provide comprehensive picture global CD.

Язык: Английский

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Type 1 diabetes—early life origins and changing epidemiology

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8(3), С. 226 - 238

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Epithelial barrier hypothesis: Effect of the external exposome on the microbiome and epithelial barriers in allergic disease

Allergy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 77(5), С. 1418 - 1449

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2022

Environmental exposure plays a major role in the development of allergic diseases. The exposome can be classified into internal (e.g., aging, hormones, and metabolic processes), specific external chemical pollutants or lifestyle factors), general broader socioeconomic psychological contexts) domains, all which are interrelated. All factors we exposed to, from moment conception to death, part exposome. Several hundreds thousands new chemicals have been introduced modern life without our having full understanding their toxic health effects ways mitigate these effects. Climate change, air pollution, microplastics, tobacco smoke, changes loss biodiversity, alterations dietary habits, microbiome due modernization, urbanization, globalization constitute surrounding environment Some disrupt epithelial barriers skin mucosal surfaces, disruptions linked last few decades increasing prevalence severity inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, asthma. barrier hypothesis provides mechanistic explanation how explain rapid increase autoimmune In this review, discuss affecting planet's context 'epithelial hypothesis,' including climate emphasize on addition, roles increased fatty acid consumption environmental substances (detergents, airborne pollen, ozone, nanoparticles, tobacco) discussed. Considering emerging data recent studies, suggest stringent governmental regulations, global policy adjustments, patient education, establishment individualized control measures threats decrease disease.

Язык: Английский

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Mucosal-associated invariant T cells and disease

Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 19(10), С. 643 - 657

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2019

Язык: Английский

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The impact of the gut microbiome on extra-intestinal autoimmune diseases

Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(1), С. 9 - 23

Опубликована: Май 9, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Genomic variation and strain-specific functional adaptation in the human gut microbiome during early life

Nature Microbiology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 4(3), С. 470 - 479

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2018

Язык: Английский

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