Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis in Alzheimer’s Disease: Implications for Pathogenesis and Treatment

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 57(12), С. 5026 - 5043

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2020

Understanding how gut flora influences gut-brain communications has been the subject of significant research over past decade. The broadening term "microbiota-gut-brain axis" from "gut-brain underscores a bidirectional communication system between and brain. microbiota-gut-brain axis involves metabolic, endocrine, neural, immune pathways which are crucial for maintenance brain homeostasis. Alterations in composition microbiota associated with multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Although causal relationship dysbiosis neural dysfunction remains elusive, emerging evidence indicates that may promote amyloid-beta aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance pathogenesis Alzheimer's disease (AD). Illustration mechanisms underlying regulation by pave way developing novel therapeutic strategies AD. In this narrative review, we provide an overview their dysregulation Novel insights into modification as preventive or approach AD highlighted.

Язык: Английский

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The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Development, Programming Actions of Hormones, and Maternal-Fetal Interactions

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2021

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is a complex system of neuroendocrine pathways and feedback loops that function to maintain physiological homeostasis. Abnormal development the (HPA) can further result in long-term alterations neuropeptide neurotransmitter synthesis central nervous system, as well glucocorticoid hormone periphery. Together, these changes potentially lead disruption neuroendocrine, behavioral, autonomic, metabolic functions adulthood. In this review, we will discuss regulation HPA its development. We also examine maternal-fetal normal fetal environment which becomes major risk factor for many neurodevelopmental pathologies adulthood, such depressive disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia, others.

Язык: Английский

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The Potential Role of Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Diagnosis to Treatment

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(3), С. 668 - 668

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2022

Gut microbiota is emerging as a key regulator of many disease conditions and its dysregulation implicated in the pathogenesis several gastrointestinal extraintestinal disorders. More recently, gut microbiome alterations have been linked to neurodegeneration through increasingly defined brain axis, opening possibility for new microbiota-based therapeutic options. Although studies conducted unravel possible relationship between Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) progression, diagnostic potential approaches aiming at restoring eubiosis remain be fully addressed. In this narrative review, we briefly summarize role homeostasis health disease, present evidence AD patients. Based on these observations, then discuss how dysbiosis might exploited tool early advanced stages, examine prebiotics, probiotics, fecal transplantation, diets complementary interventions thus offering insights into diagnosis treatment devastating progressive disease.

Язык: Английский

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The stressed synapse 2.0: pathophysiological mechanisms in stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 23(2), С. 86 - 103

Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Understanding the relationships between physiological and psychosocial stress, cortisol and cognition

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 6, 2023

Stress is viewed as a state of real or perceived threat to homeostasis, the management which involves endocrine, nervous, and immune systems. These systems work independently interactively part stress response. The scientific literature, spans both animal human studies, contains heterogeneous findings about effects on brain body. This review seeks summarise integrate literature relationships between these systems, examining particularly roles physiological psychosocial stress, hormone cortisol, controlled by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, cognitive functioning. Health conditions related impaired HPA axis functioning their associated neuropsychiatric symptoms will also be considered. Lastly, this provide suggestions clinical applicability for endocrinologists who are uniquely placed measure outcomes nervous system identify areas intervention.

Язык: Английский

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Comorbidity between major depressive disorder and physical diseases: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, mechanisms and management

World Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(3), С. 366 - 387

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2023

Populations with common physical diseases – such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders experience substantially higher rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) than the general population. On other hand, people living MDD have a greater risk for many diseases. This high level comorbidity is associated worse outcomes, reduced adherence to treatment, increased mortality, health care utilization costs. Comorbidity can also result in range clinical challenges, more complicated therapeutic alliance, issues pertaining adaptive behaviors, drug‐drug interactions adverse events induced by medications used mental disorders. Potential explanations prevalence above involve shared genetic biological pathways. These latter include inflammation, gut microbiome, mitochondrial function energy metabolism, hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis dysregulation, brain structure function. Furthermore, several antecedents related social factors (e.g., socioeconomic status), lifestyle variables activity, diet, sleep), stressful live childhood trauma). Pharmacotherapies psychotherapies are effective treatments comorbid MDD, introduction interventions well collaborative models digital technologies provide promising strategies improving management. paper aims detailed overview epidemiology specific including bidirectional risk; pathways potentially implicated pathogenesis diseases; socio‐environmental that serve both protective factors; management prevention treatment. We conclude future directions emerging research optimal

Язык: Английский

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The disparate impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of female and male caregivers

Social Science & Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 275, С. 113801 - 113801

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Sexual dimorphism in COVID-19: potential clinical and public health implications

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(3), С. 221 - 230

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The cortisol switch between vulnerability and resilience

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(1), С. 20 - 34

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and aggression

Metabolic Brain Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 39(8), С. 1613 - 1636

Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024

Abstract This comprehensive review explores the intricate relationship between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) and aggression. It provides a detailed overview of physiology functioning these axes, as well implications for aggressive behavior. The HPA responsible stress response, is activated in response to various stressors can influence Glucocorticoids, such cortisol, play crucial role stress-induced activation axis have been implicated tendencies. Chronic dysregulate leading alterations cortisol levels potentially contributing HPG particularly androgen hormone testosterone, also closely linked Animal human studies consistently shown positive association testosterone receptors brain’s neural circuitry critical modulating Interactions axes further contribute regulation Feedback mechanisms crosstalk provide complex system modulation both reproductive functions, which impact Additionally,the on androgens aggression, adds complexity this relationship. discusses future directions clinical interventions. Understanding neurobiological underlying aggression requires integrating molecular, cellular, circuit-level approaches. Translational perspectives, including animal models studies, bridge gap basic research applications. Finally, therapeutic strategies aggression-related disorders are explored, highlighting importance targeted interventions based understanding interactions axes. In conclusion, physiological with specific focus interplay By elucidating stress, hormones, behavior, paves way investigations potential disorders.

Язык: Английский

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