The microbiome and human cancer

Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 371(6536)

Опубликована: Март 25, 2021

Microbial roles in cancer formation, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment have been disputed for centuries. Recent studies provocatively claimed that bacteria, viruses, and/or fungi are pervasive among cancers, key actors immunotherapy, engineerable to treat metastases. Despite these findings, the number of microbes known directly cause carcinogenesis remains small. Critically evaluating building frameworks such evidence light modern biology is an important task. In this Review, we delineate between causal complicit trace common themes their influence through host's immune system, herein defined as immuno-oncology-microbiome axis. We further review intratumoral approaches manipulate gut or tumor microbiome while projecting next phase experimental discovery.

Язык: Английский

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The gut microbiota is associated with immune cell dynamics in humans

Nature, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 588(7837), С. 303 - 307

Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Multi-omics analyses of radiation survivors identify radioprotective microbes and metabolites

Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 370(6516)

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2020

Ionizing radiation causes acute syndrome, which leads to hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and cerebrovascular injuries. We investigated a population of mice that recovered from high-dose live normal life spans. These "elite-survivors" harbored distinct gut microbiota developed after protected against radiation-induced damage death in both germ-free conventionally housed recipients. Elevated abundances members the bacterial taxa

Язык: Английский

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Microbiome-based therapeutics

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(6), С. 365 - 380

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Cancer and the Microbiome—Influence of the Commensal Microbiota on Cancer, Immune Responses, and Immunotherapy

Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 160(2), С. 600 - 613

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Lactose drives Enterococcus expansion to promote graft-versus-host disease

Science, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 366(6469), С. 1143 - 1149

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2019

Disruption of intestinal microbial communities appears to underlie many human illnesses, but the mechanisms that promote this dysbiosis and its adverse consequences are poorly understood. In patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), we describe a high incidence enterococcal expansion, which was associated with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) mortality. We found

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiome, big data and machine learning to promote precision medicine for cancer

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 17(10), С. 635 - 648

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Engineered cellular immunotherapies in cancer and beyond

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(4), С. 678 - 689

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiome correlates of response and toxicity following anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 28(4), С. 713 - 723

Опубликована: Март 14, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Gut-Microbiota-Derived Metabolites Maintain Gut and Systemic Immune Homeostasis

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(5), С. 793 - 793

Опубликована: Март 2, 2023

The gut microbiota, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses and phages, inhabits the gastrointestinal tract. This commensal microbiota can contribute to regulation of host immune response homeostasis. Alterations have been found in many immune-related diseases. metabolites generated by specific microorganisms such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), tryptophan (Trp) bile acid (BA) metabolites, not only affect genetic epigenetic but also impact metabolism cells, immunosuppressive inflammatory cells. cells (such tolerogenic macrophages (tMacs), dendritic (tDCs), myeloid-derived suppressive (MDSCs), regulatory T (Tregs), B (Breg) innate lymphocytes (ILCs)) Macs (iMacs), DCs, CD4 helper (Th)1, CD4Th2, Th17, natural killer (NK) NK neutrophils) express different receptors for SCFAs, Trp BA from microorganisms. Activation these promotes differentiation function inhibits causing reprogramming local systemic system maintain homeostasis individuals. We here will summarize recent advances understanding effects on homeostasis, especially functions

Язык: Английский

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