The gut microbiota of insects – diversity in structure and function

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 37(5), С. 699 - 735

Опубликована: Май 21, 2013

Insect guts present distinctive environments for microbial colonization, and bacteria in the gut potentially provide many beneficial services to their hosts. Insects display a wide range degree of dependence on basic functions. Most insect contain relatively few species as compared mammalian guts, but some insects harbor large communities specialized bacteria. Others are colonized only opportunistically sparsely by common other environments. digestive tracts vary extensively morphology physicochemical properties, factors that greatly influence community structure. One obstacle evolution intimate associations with microorganisms is lack dependable transmission routes between host individuals. Here, social insects, such termites, ants, bees, exceptions: interactions opportunities transfer bacteria, most consistent communities, functions nutrition protection, have been found species. Still, also shown contribute nutrition, protection from parasites pathogens, modulation immune responses, communication. The extent these roles still unclear awaits further studies.

Язык: Английский

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Multiorganismal Insects: Diversity and Function of Resident Microorganisms

Annual Review of Entomology, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 60(1), С. 17 - 34

Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2014

All insects are colonized by microorganisms on the insect exoskeleton, in gut and hemocoel, within cells. The microbiota is generally different from external environment, including ingested food. Specifically, certain microbial taxa favored conditions resources habitat, their tolerance of immunity, specific mechanisms for transmission. resident can promote fitness contributing to nutrition, especially providing essential amino acids, B vitamins, and, fungal partners, sterols. Some protect hosts against pathogens, parasitoids, other parasites synthesizing toxins or modifying immune system. Priorities future research include elucidation contributions detoxification, plant allelochemicals phytophagous insects, resistance pathogens; as well role among-insect communication; potential value manipulation control pests.

Язык: Английский

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Pesticide-Induced Stress in Arthropod Pests for Optimized Integrated Pest Management Programs

Annual Review of Entomology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 61(1), С. 43 - 62

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2015

More than six decades after the onset of wide-scale commercial use synthetic pesticides and more fifty years Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, pesticides, particularly insecticides, arguably remain most influential pest management tool around globe. Nevertheless, pesticide is still a controversial issue at regulatory forefront in countries. The older generation insecticide groups has been largely replaced by plethora novel molecules that exhibit improved human environmental safety profiles. However, such compounds guided their short-term efficacy; indirect subtler effects on target species, namely arthropod have neglected. Curiously, comprehensive risk assessments increasingly explored nontarget contrasting with majority efforts focused species. present review mitigates this shortcoming hierarchically exploring within an ecotoxicology framework applied to integrated myriad

Язык: Английский

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Soil microbiomes and one health

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 21(1), С. 6 - 20

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The impact of microbial symbionts on host plant utilization by herbivorous insects

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 23(6), С. 1473 - 1496

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2013

Abstract Herbivory, defined as feeding on live plant tissues, is characteristic of highly successful and diverse groups insects represents an evolutionarily derived mode feeding. Plants present various nutritional defensive barriers against herbivory; nevertheless, have evolved a array mechanisms that enable them to feed develop tissues. For decades, it has been suggested insect‐associated microbes may facilitate host use, new molecular methodologies offer the possibility elucidate such roles. Based genomic data, specialized phloem xylem sap dependent nutrient provisioning by intracellular symbionts, exemplified B uchnera in aphids, although unclear whether symbionts play substantive role specificity their hosts. Microorganisms gut or outside insect body could provide more functions including digestion polymers detoxification plant‐produced toxins. However, extent contributions herbivory remains unclear. We propose potential microbial facilitating restricting use plants are constrained location (intracellular, environmental), fidelity associations with lineages. Studies next decade, using methods from environmental microbiology genomics, will comprehensive picture herbivory.

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiotas and Host Evolution: Scaling Up Symbiosis

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 31(7), С. 539 - 549

Опубликована: Март 31, 2016

Язык: Английский

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Gut symbiont enhances insecticide resistance in a significant pest, the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2017

Symbiotic bacteria affect insect physiology and ecology. They may also mediate insecticide resistance within their hosts thereby impact pest vector control practices. Here, we document a novel mechanism of in which gut symbiont the tephritid fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis enhances to organophosphate trichlorphon.We demonstrated that Citrobacter sp. (CF-BD) plays key role degradation trichlorphon. Based on comparative genomics analysis with other species, phosphatase hydrolase genes were identified CF-BD. These CF-BD had higher expression when trichlorphon was present. inoculated isolated obtained resistance, while antibiotic-treated flies less resistant confirming resistance.Our findings suggest symbiont-mediated can readily develop B. represent more widely relevant than previously recognized.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of environment on mosquito response to pyrethroid insecticides: Facts, evidences and prospects

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 43(4), С. 407 - 416

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2012

By transmitting major human diseases such as malaria, dengue fever and filariasis, mosquito species represent a serious threat worldwide in terms of public health, pose significant economic burden for the African continent developing tropical regions. Most vector control programmes aiming at controlling life-threatening mosquitoes rely on use chemical insecticides, mainly belonging to pyrethroid class. However, resistance populations pyrethroids is increasing dramatic rate, threatening efficacy throughout insecticide-treated areas, where mosquito-borne are still prevalent. In absence new insecticides efficient alternative methods, management strategies therefore critical, but these require deep understanding adaptive mechanisms underlying resistance. Although insecticide intensively studied mosquitoes, adaptation often considered unique result selection pressure caused by used control. Indeed, additional environmental parameters, insecticides/pesticides usage agriculture, presence anthropogenic or natural xenobiotics, biotic interactions between vectors other organisms, may affect both overall responses mechanisms. this context, present work aims updating current knowledge compiling available data, from different research fields, impact environment response pyrethroids. Key factors, urban agricultural pollutants their microbiome discussed, perspectives fill gaps suggested.

Язык: Английский

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Holes in the Hologenome: Why Host-Microbe Symbioses Are Not Holobionts

mBio, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 7(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2016

The advent of relatively inexpensive tools for characterizing microbial communities has led to an explosion research exploring the diversity, ecology, and evolution microbe-host systems. Some now question whether existing conceptual frameworks are adequate explain One popular paradigm is "holobiont-hologenome," which argues that a host its microbiome evolve as single cooperative unit selection (i.e., superorganism). We argue hologenome based on overly restrictive assumptions render it approach little utility. A plus more effectively viewed ecological community organisms encompasses broad range interactions (parasitic mutualistic), patterns transmission (horizontal vertical), levels fidelity among partners. requires high partner if unit. However, even when this achieved by particular host-microbe pairs, unlikely hold entire microbiome, therefore hologenome. Both mutualistic antagonistic (fitness conflict) can occur constituent members community, not just adaptations at "hologenome" level, there abundant empirical evidence such divergence selective interests host-microbiome communities. believe concepts methods genetics, evolutionary biology will continue provide well-grounded intellectual framework researching communities, without recourse limiting assumption acts predominantly holobiont level.

Язык: Английский

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Symbiont Acquisition and Replacement as a Source of Ecological Innovation

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 25(5), С. 375 - 390

Опубликована: Март 21, 2017

Язык: Английский

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