Combatting global grassland degradation

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 2(10), С. 720 - 735

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Vegetation fires in the Anthropocene

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 1(10), С. 500 - 515

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Getting the message right on nature‐based solutions to climate change

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 27(8), С. 1518 - 1546

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2021

Abstract Nature‐based solutions (NbS)—solutions to societal challenges that involve working with nature—have recently gained popularity as an integrated approach can address climate change and biodiversity loss, while supporting sustainable development. Although well‐designed NbS deliver multiple benefits for people nature, much of the recent limelight has been on tree planting carbon sequestration. There are serious concerns this is distracting from need rapidly phase out use fossil fuels protect existing intact ecosystems. also expansion forestry framed a mitigation solution coming at cost rich biodiverse native ecosystems local resource rights. Here, we discuss promise pitfalls framing its current political traction, present recommendations how get message right. We urge policymakers, practitioners researchers consider synergies trade‐offs associated follow four guiding principles enable provide society: (1) not substitute rapid fuels; (2) wide range land in sea, just forests; (3) implemented full engagement consent Indigenous Peoples communities way respects their cultural ecological rights; (4) should be explicitly designed measurable biodiversity. Only by following these guidelines will design robust resilient urgent sustaining nature together, now into future.

Язык: Английский

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The meaning of net zero and how to get it right

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1), С. 15 - 21

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Climate-driven risks to the climate mitigation potential of forests

Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 368(6497)

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2020

Risks to mitigation potential of forests Much recent attention has focused on the trees and mitigate ongoing climate change by acting as sinks for carbon. Anderegg et al. review growing evidence that forests' is increasingly at risk from a range adversities limit forest growth health. These include physical factors such drought fire biotic factors, including depredations insect herbivores fungal pathogens. Full assessment quantification these risks, which themselves are influenced climate, key achieving science-based policy outcomes effective land management. Science , this issue p. eaaz7005

Язык: Английский

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Ten golden rules for reforestation to optimize carbon sequestration, biodiversity recovery and livelihood benefits

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 27(7), С. 1328 - 1348

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2021

Abstract Urgent solutions to global climate change are needed. Ambitious tree‐planting initiatives, many already underway, aim sequester enormous quantities of carbon partly compensate for anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, which a major cause rising temperatures. However, tree planting that is poorly planned and executed could actually increase emissions have long‐term, deleterious impacts on biodiversity, landscapes livelihoods. Here, we highlight the main environmental risks large‐scale propose 10 golden rules, based some most recent ecological research, implement forest ecosystem restoration maximizes rates both sequestration biodiversity recovery while improving These as follows: (1) Protect existing first; (2) Work together (involving all stakeholders); (3) Aim maximize meet multiple goals; (4) Select appropriate areas restoration; (5) Use natural regeneration wherever possible; (6) species biodiversity; (7) resilient plant material (with genetic variability provenance); (8) Plan ahead infrastructure, capacity seed supply; (9) Learn by doing (using an adaptive management approach); (10) Make it pay (ensuring economic sustainability project). We focus design long‐term strategies tackle crises support livelihood needs. emphasize role local communities sources indigenous knowledge, benefits they derive from successful reforestation restores functioning delivers diverse range products services. While there no simple universal recipe restoration, crucial build upon currently growing public private interest in this topic, ensure interventions provide effective, sinks people.

Язык: Английский

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Tree planting is not a simple solution

Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 368(6491), С. 580 - 581

Опубликована: Май 7, 2020

Tree planting must be carefully planned and implemented to achieve desired outcomes

Язык: Английский

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Making the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration a Social-Ecological Endeavour

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 36(1), С. 20 - 28

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2020

The United Nations (UN) recently declared 2021 to 2030 the Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. Against this background, we review recent social-ecological systems research and summarize key themes that could help improve ecosystem restoration in dynamic social contexts. relate resilience adaptability, stewardship navigation of change, relational values, coevolution human ecological systems, long-range connections, leverage points for transformation. We recommend two cross-cutting new foci; namely: (i) post hoc cross-sectional assessments projects; (ii) transdisciplinary 'living labs' accompany projects as they unfold. With global agendas increasingly taking a perspective, recasting endeavor offers exciting opportunities both practice.

Язык: Английский

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Adapting western North American forests to climate change and wildfires: 10 common questions

Ecological Applications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 31(8)

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2021

We review science-based adaptation strategies for western North American (wNA) forests that include restoring active fire regimes and fostering resilient structure composition of forested landscapes. As part the review, we address common questions associated with climate realignment treatments run counter to a broad consensus in literature. These following: (1) Are effects exclusion overstated? If so, are unwarranted even counterproductive? (2) Is forest thinning alone sufficient mitigate wildfire hazard? (3) Can prescribed burning solve problem? (4) Should management, including thinning, be concentrated wildland urban interface (WUI)? (5) wildfires on their own do work fuel treatments? (6) primary objective reduction assist future firefighting response containment? (7) Do under extreme weather? (8) scale problem too great? ever catch up? (9) Will planting more trees change wNA forests? And (10) is post-fire management needed or ecologically justified? Based our scientific evidence, range proactive actions justified necessary keep pace changing climatic declining heterogeneity after severe wildfires. Science-based options use managed wildfire, burning, coupled mechanical as consistent land allocations conditions. Although some current models averse short-term risks uncertainties, long-term environmental, social, cultural consequences primarily grounded suppression well documented, highlighting an urgency invest intentional restoration regimes.

Язык: Английский

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Global forest restoration and the importance of prioritizing local communities

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 4(11), С. 1472 - 1476

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2020

Язык: Английский

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