Gut,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
71(6), С. 1214 - 1226
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2022
Accumulating
evidence
indicates
that
the
gut
microbiome
is
an
important
regulator
of
body
weight,
glucose
and
lipid
metabolism,
inflammatory
processes,
may
thereby
play
a
key
role
in
aetiology
obesity,
insulin
resistance
type
2
diabetes.
Interindividual
responsiveness
to
specific
dietary
interventions
be
partially
determined
by
differences
baseline
microbiota
composition
functionality
between
individuals
with
distinct
metabolic
phenotypes.
However,
relationship
individual’s
diet,
host
phenotype
multidirectional
complex,
yielding
challenge
for
practical
implementation
targeted
guidelines.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
latest
research
describing
interactions
composition,
metabolism.
Furthermore,
describe
how
knowledge
can
integrated
develop
precision-based
nutritional
strategies
improve
bodyweight
control
health
humans.
Specifically,
will
address
(1)
insight
microbial
intervention
response
provide
leads
strategies;
(2)
balance
carbohydrate
protein
fermentation
microbiota,
as
well
site
colon,
seems
determinants
metabolism;
(3)
‘big
data’,
including
multiple
omics
advanced
modelling,
are
undeniable
importance
predicting
(non-)response
interventions.
Clearly,
detailed
phenotyping
humans
necessary
better
understand
link
which
required
guidelines
different
subgroups
population.
Gut,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
70(6), С. 1174 - 1182
Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2020
Metabolic
disorders
represent
a
growing
worldwide
health
challenge
due
to
their
dramatically
increasing
prevalence.
The
gut
microbiota
is
crucial
actor
that
can
interact
with
the
host
by
production
of
diverse
reservoir
metabolites,
from
exogenous
dietary
substrates
or
endogenous
compounds.
are
associated
alterations
in
composition
and
function
microbiota.
Specific
classes
microbiota-derived
notably
bile
acids,
short-chain
fatty
branched-chain
amino
trimethylamine
N-oxide,
tryptophan
indole
derivatives,
have
been
implicated
pathogenesis
metabolic
disorders.
This
review
aims
define
key
metabolites
altered
diseases
role
pathogenesis.
They
potential
biomarkers
for
early
diagnosis
prognosis
as
well
promising
targets
development
novel
therapeutic
tools
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
137, С. 111315 - 111315
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2021
Currently,
obesity
has
become
a
global
health
issue
and
is
referred
to
as
an
epidemic.
Dysfunctional
obese
adipose
tissue
plays
pivotal
role
in
the
development
of
insulin
resistance.
However,
mechanism
how
dysfunctional
obese-adipose
develops
insulin-resistant
circumstances
remains
poorly
understood.
Therefore,
this
review
attempts
highlight
potential
mechanisms
behind
obesity-associated
Multiple
risk
factors
are
directly
or
indirectly
associated
with
increased
obesity;
among
them,
environmental
factors,
genetics,
aging,
gut
microbiota,
diets
prominent.
Once
individual
becomes
obese,
adipocytes
increase
their
size;
therefore,
tissues
larger
dysfunctional,
recruit
macrophages,
then
these
polarize
pro-inflammatory
states.
Enlarged
release
excess
free
fatty
acids
(FFAs),
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
cytokines.
Excess
systemic
FFAs
dietary
lipids
enter
inside
cells
non-adipose
organs
such
liver,
muscle,
pancreas,
deposited
ectopic
fat,
generating
lipotoxicity.
Toxic
dysregulate
cellular
organelles,
e.g.,
mitochondria,
endoplasmic
reticulum,
lysosomes.
Dysregulated
organelles
ROS
pro-inflammation,
resulting
inflammation.
Long
term
low-grade
inflammation
prevents
from
its
action
signaling
pathway,
disrupts
glucose
homeostasis,
results
dysregulation.
Overall,
long-term
overnutrition
develop
into
resistance
chronic
through
lipotoxicity,
creating
clinical
conditions.
This
also
shows
that
liver
most
sensitive
organ
undergoing
impairment
faster
than
other
organs,
thus,
hepatic
primary
event
leads
subsequent
peripheral
Trends in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
27(12), С. 997 - 1010
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2019
Appreciation
of
the
importance
gut
microbiome
is
growing,
and
it
becoming
increasingly
relevant
to
identify
preventive
or
therapeutic
solutions
targeting
it.
The
composition
function
microbiota
are
relatively
well
described
for
infants
(less
than
3
years)
adults,
but
have
been
largely
overlooked
in
pre-school
(3-6
primary
school-age
(6-12
children,
as
teenagers
(12-18
years).
Early
reports
suggested
that
infant
would
attain
an
adult-like
structure
at
age
years,
recent
studies
development
may
take
longer.
This
time
key
because
there
evidence
suggest
deviations
this
consequences
later
life.
In
review,
we
provide
overview
current
knowledge
concerning
microbiota,
its
evolution,
variation,
response
dietary
challenges
during
first
decade
life
with
a
focus
on
healthy
children
(up
12
from
various
populations
around
globe.
should
facilitate
identification
diet-based
approaches
individuals
group,
promote
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
1461(1), С. 37 - 52
Опубликована: Май 14, 2019
Obesity
is
a
complex
metabolic
disease
caused,
in
part,
by
the
interaction
between
an
individual's
genetics,
metabolism,
and
environment.
Emerging
evidence
supports
role
of
gut
microbiota
mediating
host
environment
extracting
energy
from
food
otherwise
indigestible
producing
metabolites
cytokines
that
affect
metabolism.
Furthermore,
microbial
imbalance
or
dysbiosis
has
been
shown
diseases
including
obesity,
recent
studies
are
beginning
to
unravel
mechanisms
involved.
The
affects
metabolism
obesity
through
several
pathways
involving
barrier
integrity,
production
affecting
satiety
insulin
resistance,
epigenetic
factors,
bile
acids
subsequent
changes
signaling.
While
field
microbiome
its
early
stage
development,
it
holds
promising
future
providing
us
with
novel
therapeutic
targets
may
restore
healthy
state
help
prevention
treatment
obesity.
