Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(13)

Published: May 8, 2019

Abstract As an emerging clinical modality for cancer treatment, photodynamic therapy (PDT) takes advantage of the cytotoxic activity reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated by light irradiating photosensitizers (PSs) in presence (O 2 ). However, further advancements including tumor selectivity and ROS generation efficiency still required. Substantial efforts devoted to design synthesize smart PSs with optimized properties achieving a desirable therapeutic efficacy. This review summarizes recent progress developing intelligent efficient PDT, ranging from single molecules delicate nanomaterials. The strategies improve through optimizing photoinduced electron transfer energy processes highlighted. Moreover, approaches combine PDT other therapeutics (e.g., chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, radiotherapy) targeted delivery cells or tissue introduced. main challenges application also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Design of superior phototheranostic agents guided by Jablonski diagrams

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 49(22), P. 8179 - 8234

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Phototheranostics represents a promising direction for modern precision medicine, which has recently attracted great research interest from multidisciplinary areas. Organic optical agents including small molecular fluorophores, semiconducting/conjugated polymers, aggregation-induced emission luminogens, etc. with tuneable photophysical properties, high biosafety and biocompatibility, facile processability ease of functionalization have delivered encouraging performance in disease phototheranostics. This review summarizes the recent progress organic phototheranostic an emphasis on main strategies to manipulate three excitation energy dissipation pathways, namely, radiative decay, thermal deactivation, intersystem crossing, assistance Jablonski diagram, particularly showcases how diagram been guiding design molecule aggregate levels promote outcomes. Molecular nanoengineering modulate processes convert absorbed photons into fluorescent/phosphorescent/photoacoustic signals and/or photodynamic/photothermal curing effects improved phototheranostics are elaborated. Noteworthily, adaptive activatable transformable functions demand, regulation such as chemiexcitation efficacies also included. A brief summary discussion current challenges future perspectives this field is further presented.

Language: Английский

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Conquering the Hypoxia Limitation for Photodynamic Therapy

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 33(48)

Published: Sept. 27, 2021

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has aroused great research interest in recent years owing to its high spatiotemporal selectivity, minimal invasiveness, and low systemic toxicity. However, due the hypoxic nature characteristic of many solid tumors, PDT is frequently limited therapeutic effect. Moreover, consumption O2 during may further aggravate tumor condition, which promotes proliferation, metastasis, invasion resulting poor prognosis treatment. Therefore, numerous efforts have been made increase content with goal enhancing efficacy. Herein, these strategies developed past decade are comprehensively reviewed alleviate hypoxia, including 1) delivering exogenous directly, 2) generating situ, 3) reducing cellular by inhibiting respiration, 4) regulating TME, (e.g., normalizing vasculature or disrupting extracellular matrix), 5) hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway relieve hypoxia. Additionally, -independent Type-I also discussed as an alternative strategy. By reviewing progress, it hoped that this review will provide innovative perspectives new nanomaterials designed combat hypoxia avoid associated limitation PDT.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 434 - 458

Published: Dec. 15, 2021

Cancer immunotherapy has made tremendous clinical progress in advanced-stage malignancies. However, patients with various tumors exhibit a low response rate to because of powerful immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and insufficient immunogenicity tumors. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can not only directly kill cells, but also elicit immunogenic cell death (ICD), providing antitumor immunity. Unfortunately, limitations from the inherent nature complex TME significantly reduce efficiency PDT. Recently, smart nanomedicine-based strategies could subtly modulate pharmacokinetics therapeutic compounds optimize both PDT immunotherapy, resulting an improved effect. Here, emerging nanomedicines for PDT-driven cancer are reviewed, including hypoxia-reversed nanomedicines, nanosized metal-organic frameworks, subcellular targeted nanoparticles (NPs). Moreover, we highlight synergistic nanotherapeutics used amplify immune responses combined against Lastly, challenges future expectations field discussed.

Language: Английский

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Biological Utility of Fluorinated Compounds: from Materials Design to Molecular Imaging, Therapeutics and Environmental Remediation

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 122(1), P. 167 - 208

Published: Oct. 5, 2021

The applications of fluorinated molecules in bioengineering and nanotechnology are expanding rapidly with the controlled introduction fluorine being broadly studied due to unique properties C–F bonds. This review will focus on design utility containing materials imaging, therapeutics, environmental a central theme importance controlling fluorine–fluorine interactions understanding how such impact biological behavior. Low natural abundance is shown provide sensitivity background advantages for imaging detection variety diseases 19F magnetic resonance 18F positron emission tomography ultrasound discussed as illustrative examples. presence bonds can also be used tailor membrane permeability pharmacokinetic drugs delivery agents enhanced cell uptake therapeutics. A key message this that while promise significant, subset highly compounds per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), have been identified posing potential risk human health. bond significant PFAS structures necessitate development new strategies facile efficient removal remediation. Recent progress fluorine-containing molecular therapeutic reviewed their features contrasted health risks systems. Finally, present challenges future directions exploitation aspects systems described.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances of multi-dimensional porphyrin-based functional materials in photodynamic therapy

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 420, P. 213410 - 213410

Published: June 18, 2020

Language: Английский

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Tannic acid: a crosslinker leading to versatile functional polymeric networks: a review

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(13), P. 7689 - 7711

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

With the thriving of mussel-inspired chemistry and demand for low-cost analogues to polydopamine in adhesive design, tannic acid has become a research focus because its wide availability, health benefits special chemical properties.

Language: Английский

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Persistent Regulation of Tumor Microenvironment via Circulating Catalysis of MnFe₂O₄@Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(25)

Published: April 22, 2019

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐based cancer therapy, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), is subject to the hypoxia and overexpressed glutathione (GSH) found in tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, a novel strategy reported continuously simultaneously regulate reducibility order achieve desired therapeutic effect. To accomplish this, biocompatible nanoplatform (MnFe 2 O 4 @metal–organic framework (MOF)) developed by integrating coating of porphyrin‐based MOF photosensitizer manganese ferrite nanoparticle ) nanoenzyme. The synthetic MnFe @MOF exhibits both catalase‐like peroxidase‐like activities. Once internalized tumor, can catalyze H produce overcome cyclic Fenton reaction. Meanwhile, combined with reaction, able persistently consume GSH presence , which decreases depletion ROS upon laser irradiation during PDT achieves better efficacy vitro vivo. Moreover, integrates treatment modality magnetic resonance imaging, along persistent regulation TME, promote more precise effective for future clinical application.

Language: Английский

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Recent progress in flexible pressure sensor arrays: from design to applications

Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 6(44), P. 11878 - 11892

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

This review summarizes the progress in flexible pressure sensor arrays from their fundamental designs to device applications.

Language: Английский

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Fluoropolymers in biomedical applications: state-of-the-art and future perspectives

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(9), P. 5435 - 5467

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Biomedical applications of fluoropolymers in gene delivery, protein drug delivery,¹⁹F MRI, PDT, anti-fouling, anti-bacterial, cell culture, and tissue engineering.

Language: Английский

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