Application of stem cells in regeneration medicine

MedComm, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(4)

Published: June 17, 2023

Abstract Regeneration is a complex process affected by many elements independent or combined, including inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Stem cells class of primitive with the potentiality differentiation, regenerate self‐replication, multidirectional immunomodulatory functions. their cytokines not only inextricably linked to regeneration ectodermal skin tissues, but also can be used for treatment variety chronic wounds. produce exosomes in paracrine manner. cell play an important role regeneration, repair, accelerated wound healing, biological properties which are similar stem cells, while safer more effective. Skin bone tissues critical organs body, essential sustaining life activities. The weak repairing ability leads pronounced impact on quality patients, could alleviated treatment. However, there obstacles that trough improved bioavailability. This paper summarizes applications mechanisms healing. We propose new ways utilizing through different nanoformulations, liposomes nanoliposomes, polymer micelles, microspheres, hydrogels, scaffold microneedles, improve use healing regeneration.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles and their engineering strategies, delivery systems, and biomedical applications

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 365, P. 1089 - 1123

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Advanced Cardiac Patches for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction

Circulation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 149(25), P. 2002 - 2020

Published: June 17, 2024

Myocardial infarction is a cardiovascular disease characterized by high incidence rate and mortality. It leads to various cardiac pathophysiological changes, including ischemia/reperfusion injury, inflammation, fibrosis, ventricular remodeling, which ultimately result in heart failure pose significant threat global health. Although clinical reperfusion therapies conventional pharmacological interventions improve emergency survival rates short-term prognoses, they are still limited providing long-lasting improvements function or reversing pathological progression. Recently, patches have gained considerable attention as promising therapy for myocardial infarction. These consist of scaffolds loaded therapeutic agents that provide mechanical reinforcement, synchronous electrical conduction, localized delivery within the infarct zone promote restoration. This review elucidates progression from failure, highlighting targets patches. The considers primary scaffold materials, synthetic, natural, conductive prevalent fabrication techniques optimal properties patch, well advanced strategies. Last, current limitations prospects patch research considered, with goal shedding light on innovative products poised application.

Language: Английский

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Biointerface‐Engineered Hybrid Nanovesicles for Targeted Reprogramming of Tumor Microenvironment

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(41)

Published: June 9, 2024

Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) of typical types such as triple‐negative breast cancer is featured by hypoxia and immunosuppression with abundant tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs), which also emerge potential therapeutic targets for antitumor therapy. M1‐like macrophage‐derived exosomes (M1‐Exos) have emerged a promising candidate their tumor‐targeting macrophage‐polarization capabilities. However, the limited drug‐loading efficiency stability M1‐Exos hindered effectiveness in applications. Here, hybrid nanovesicle developed integrating AS1411 aptamer‐conjugated liposomes (AApt‐Lips), termed M1E/AALs. obtained M1E/AALs are loaded perfluorotributylamine (PFTBA) IR780, P‐I, to construct P‐I@M1E/AALs reprogramming TME alleviating engineering TAMs. P‐I@M1E/AAL‐mediated therapy enhances situ generation reactive oxygen species, repolarizes TAMs toward an phenotype, promotes infiltration T lymphocytes. synergistic based on significantly suppresses growth prolongs survival 4T1‐tumor‐bearing mice. By multiple treatment modalities, P‐I@M1E/AAL nanoplatform demonstrates approach overcoming hypoxic immunosuppressive targeted TAM enhanced photodynamic immunotherapy. This study highlights innovative TAM‐engineering platform tumors characterized TME.

Language: Английский

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Non-coding RNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in ischaemic heart disease

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(8), P. 556 - 573

Published: March 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Engineered exosomes and composite biomaterials for tissue regeneration

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 2099 - 2126

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Exosomes, which are small vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer and released many cell types, widely dispersed have garnered increased attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability serve as indicators diseases agents with therapeutic potential. Exosomes play crucial role mediating intercellular communication through transfer biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, RNA, other molecular constituents, between cells. The targeted transport proteins nucleic acids specific cells has potential enhance or impair biological functions. applications, they can be used alone combination approaches. examination unique attributes functions these factors emerged prominent study realm biomedical research. This manuscript summarizes origins properties exosomes, structural, biological, physical, chemical aspects. paper offers complete recent progress tissue repair medicine, emphasizing possible implications methods forthcoming regeneration attempts.

Language: Английский

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Engineered bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes loaded with miR302 through the cardiomyocyte specific peptide can reduce myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Abstract Background MicroRNA (miRNA)-based therapies have shown great potential in myocardial repair following infarction (MI). MicroRNA-302 (miR302) has been reported to exert a protective effect on MI. However, miRNAs are easily degraded and ineffective penetrating cells, which limit their clinical applications. Exosomes, small bioactive molecules, considered as an ideal vehicle for delivery due cell penetration, low immunogenicity excellent stability potential. Herein, we explored cardiomyocyte-targeting exosomes vehicles of miR302 into cardiomyocyte potentially treat Methods To generate efficient exosomal system that can target cardiomyocytes, engineered with specific peptide (CMP, WLSEAGPVVTVRALRGTGSW). Afterwards, the were characterized identified using transmission electron microscope (TEM) Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA). Later on, mimics loaded via electroporation technique. Subsequently, ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury was evaluated vitro vivo, including MTT, ELISA, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot, TUNNEL staining, echocardiogram hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining . Results experimentation showed DSPE-PEG-CMP-EXO could be more efficiently internalized by H9C2 cells than unmodified (blank‐exosomes). Importantly, compared DSPE-PEG - CMP-EXO group, CMP-miR302-EXO significantly upregulated expression miR302, while enhance proliferation cells. Western blot results increased protein level Ki67 Yap, suggests DSPE-PEG-CMP-miR302-EXO enhanced activity principal downstream effector Hippo pathway. In improved cardiac function, attenuated apoptosis inflammatory response, well reduced infarct size significantly. Conclusion conclusion, our findings suggest CMP-engineered model cardiomyocytes coupled enhancement therapeutic effects I/R injury.

Language: Английский

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Research Advances of Engineered Exosomes as Drug Delivery Carrier

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(46), P. 43374 - 43387

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by living cells that have similar membrane composition to parental and carry a variety of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. Therefore, exosomes certain biological activities play an important role in intercellular communication. On the basis its potential as carrier for drug delivery systems, been engineered compensate shortage natural through various engineering strategies improving efficiency, enhancing targeting tissues organs, extending circulating half-life exosomes. This review focuses on loading drugs different strategies, discussions exosome surface modification summarizes advantages disadvantages strategies. In addition, this provides overview recent applications number refractory relapsable diseases. has provide reference further research development

Language: Английский

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Advances in the study of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells and cardiac cells for the treatment of myocardial infarction

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

Acute myocardial infarction has long been the leading cause of death in coronary heart disease, which is characterized by irreversible cardiomyocyte and restricted blood supply. Conventional reperfusion therapy can further aggravate injury. Stem cell therapy, especially with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), emerged as a promising approach to promote cardiac repair improve function. MSCs may induce these effects secreting exosomes containing therapeutically active RNA, proteins lipids. Notably, normal function depends on intracardiac paracrine signaling via exosomes, secreted partially reflect changes during so analyzing vesicles provide valuable insights into pathology well guide development new treatments. The present review examines how produced influence injury after serve therapies against such Video Abstract.

Language: Английский

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Exosome-loaded microneedle patches: Promising factor delivery route

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 243, P. 125232 - 125232

Published: June 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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